Tag: M.W=150-200

Hanaoka, Shigeyuki published the artcileDetermination of mustard and lewisite related compounds in abandoned chemical weapons (Yellow Shells) from sources in China and Japan, Application In Synthesis of 1002-41-1, the publication is Journal of Chromatography A (2006), 1101(1-2), 268-277, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Knowledge of the states of the contents in chem. munitions that Japanese Imperial Forces abandoned at the end of World War II in Japan and China is gravely lacking. To unearth and recover these chem. weapons and detoxify the contents safely, it is essential to establish anal. procedures to definitely determine the CWA contents. We established such a procedure and applied it to the anal. of chems. in the abandoned shells. Yellow shells are known to contain sulfur mustard, lewisite, or a mixture of both. Lewisite was analyzed without thiol derivatization, because it and its decomposition products yield the same substances in the derivatization. Anal. using our new procedure showed that both mustard and lewisite remained as the major components after the long abandonment of ∼60 yr. The content of mustard was 43% and that of lewisite 55%. The viscous material found was suggested to be mostly oligomers of mustard. Comparison of the components in the Yellow agents with mustard recovered in both Japan and China showed a difference in the impurities between the CWAs produced by the former Imperial navy and those by the former Imperial army.

Journal of Chromatography A published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, Application In Synthesis of 1002-41-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sardo, Carla published the artcileWhen Functionalization of PLA Surfaces Meets Thiol-Yne Photochemistry: Case Study with Antibacterial Polyaspartamide Derivatives, Formula: C7H16ClNO2, the publication is Biomacromolecules (2014), 15(11), 4351-4362, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In this work we wish to report on the covalent functionalization of polylactide (PLA) surfaces by photoradical thiol-yne to yield antibacterial surfaces. At first, hydrophilic and hydrophobic thiol fluorescent probes are synthesized and used to study and optimize the conditions of ligation on alkyne-PLA surfaces. In a second part, a new antibacterial polyaspartamide copolymer is covalently grafted. The covalent surface modification and the d. of surface functionalization are evaluated by SEC and XPS analyses. No degradation of PLA chains is observed, whereas covalent grafting is confirmed by the presence of S2p and N1s signals. Antiadherence and antibiofilm activities are assessed against four bacterial strains, including Gram-neg. and Gram-pos. bacteria. A strong activity is observed with adherence reduction factors superior to 99.98% and biofilm formation decreased by 80%. Finally, in vitro cytocompatibility tests of the antibacterial surfaces are performed with L929 murine fibroblasts and show cell viability without promoting proliferation.

Biomacromolecules published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Formula: C7H16ClNO2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jana, Gopal Chandra published the artcileDeciphering the positional impact of chlorine in a new series of berberine analogues towards the superb-selective “turn-on” hydrophobic signaling of bovine serum albumin at physiological pH, Formula: C7H6Cl2, the publication is New Journal of Chemistry (2020), 44(5), 1761-1771, database is CAplus.

The optical signals of serum albumin (SA) provide precious information for realizing its native functions, in addition to developing related biomedical applications. Herein, we report a new class of easy synthesizable and water-soluble compounds (BZ₁-BZ₅) based on different chlorine positions on 9-O-benzyl-substituted berberine scaffolds for the selective detection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in CP buffer solution (10 mM, pH 7.2) based on two competing factors: hydrophobic interactions and steric repulsion. The frail emission intensities of these probes were enhanced upon the addition of BSA; exceptionally, a remarkable increase in emission intensity (140-fold) and remarkable lifetime and quantum yield increases make BZ₄ an excellent fluorescence turn-on hydrophobic BSA sensor. Selectivity and co-existence studies involving other proteins, free tryptophan, etc. revealed that the microenvironment around the tryptophan moiety in BSA incites drastic spectral changes upon the introduction of BSA. Moreover, the most efficient lumino-probe, BZ₄, can detect bovine serum albumin at a nanomolar level (LOD = 3.3 nM) with a broadened range of linearity and slight altering of the secondary structure of the protein. Our exptl. results and docking simulation studies show that the probe BZ₄ binds preferentially at “binding site II” of BSA. In addition, the binding and conformational alterations of BSA provoked by these analogs have been intensely investigated, and we fruitfully relate the binding results to the sensing outcome. The obtained results reveal how the different positioning of chlorine in benzyl-substituted berberine affects the hydrophobic sensing of BSA, making these probes a new category of BSA selective material with potential applications in proteome research.

New Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 620-20-2. 620-20-2 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 3-Chlorobenzylchloride, and the molecular formula is C7H6Cl2, Formula: C7H6Cl2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yu, Weixuan published the artcileA [³²P]NAD⁺-based method to identify and quantitate long residence time enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase inhibitors, Product Details of C6H3ClFNO2, the publication is Analytical Biochemistry (2015), 40-49, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The classical methods for quantifying drug-target residence time (t_R) use loss or regain of enzyme activity in progress curve kinetic assays. However, such methods become imprecise at very long residence times, mitigating the use of alternative strategies. Using the NAD(P)H-dependent FabI enoyl-acyl carrier protein (enoyl-ACP) reductase as a model system, we developed a Penefsky column-based method for direct measurement of t_R, where the off-rate of the drug was determined with radiolabeled [adenylate-³²P]NAD(P⁺) cofactor. In total, 23 FabI inhibitors were analyzed, and a math. model was used to estimate limits to the t_R values of each inhibitor based on percentage drug-target complex recovery following gel filtration. In general, this method showed good agreement with the classical steady-state kinetic methods for compounds with t_R values of 10 to 100 min. In addition, we were able to identify seven long t_R inhibitors (100-1500 min) and to accurately determine their t_R values. The method was then used to measure t_R as a function of temperature, an anal. not previously possible using the standard kinetic approach due to decreased NAD(P)H stability at elevated temperatures In general, a 4-fold difference in t_R was observed when the temperature was increased from 25 to 37 °C.

Analytical Biochemistry published new progress about 350-30-1. 350-30-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Nitro Compound,Benzene, name is 3-Chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene, and the molecular formula is C16H24BF4Ir, Product Details of C6H3ClFNO2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Atthoff, Bjoern published the artcileBiodegradable Ionomers, Application of 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, the publication is Macromolecules (2006), 39(11), 3907-3913, database is CAplus.

Several telechelic anionic or cationic ionomers were synthesized starting from poly(trimethylene carbonate) diols (PTMC) of different mol. weight, ranging from 1000 to 12 000 g/mol. In the synthesis of the anionomer, addition of sulfur trioxide trimethylene complex to the PTMC end-group hydroxyls and subsequent ion exchange afforded a disulfate monoester sodium salt. The cationomer was synthesized in two steps. Acylation of the PTMC diol using 4-chlorobuturyl chloride was followed by displacement of the alkyl chloride with trimethylamine to give a quaternary ammonium salt. These ionomers showed excellent swelling properties, up to around 500% in H₂O, while the unfunctionlized PTMC did not swell at all. The lowest mol. weight ionomers were soluble in both water and chloroform. The phys. properties of the ionomers were analyzed with oscillating rheol. experiments Interestingly, the ionomers displayed “rubbery plateau”. The mech. and swelling properties may be linked to phase separation resulting in ionic aggregates within the bulk, which may function as phys. cross-links. At ambient temperatures, the PTMC starting material behaved like a highly viscous fluid, while the ionomers behaved as elastomers. In a hydrophilic environment, the ionomers displayed a surface rearrangement making the surface of the ionomer hydrophilic by allowing the ionic end groups to appear at the water ionomer interface. In air or vacuum all the ionic groups were found in the bulk of the material as analyzed by XPS or contact angle measurements. Finally, we showed that with the specific ionic groups it was possible to complex specific mols. to the ionomers.

Macromolecules published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Application of 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Henderson, LaVell M. published the artcileMammalian enzymes of trimethyllysine conversion to trimethylaminobutyrate, Application In Synthesis of 6249-56-5, the publication is Federation Proceedings (1982), 41(12), 2843-7, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The biosynthesis of carnitine proceeds from trimethyllysine (TML) by β-hydroxylation by liver or kidney mitochondrial TML-α-ketoglutarate dioxygenase (referred to as TML hydroxylase) which requires O₂, α-ketoglutarate, Fe²⁺, and ascorbate. TML hydroxylase is rapidly inactivated by preincubation with Fe²⁺, but not Fe³⁺, suggesting that superoxide is involved in the hydroxylation. β-Hydroxyltrimethyllysine undergoes aldol cleavage to glycine and trimethylaminobutyraldehyde under the influence of serum hydroxymethyltransferase and possibly a specific aldolase. The next step, the aldehyde oxidation, is catalyzed by a specific NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase from liver cytosol. The product, trimethylaminobutyrate, is then hydroxylated by a cytosolic dioxygenase to carnitine. This enzyme, which has the same cofactor requirements as TML hydroxylase, is found in the liver of all species examined, but is absent from the kidney of some species.

Federation Proceedings published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Application In Synthesis of 6249-56-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Freidlina, R. Kh. published the artcileThermal telomerization of olefins with silicon hydrides, HPLC of Formula: 14799-94-1, the publication is Khim. i Prakt. Primenenie Kremneorgan. Soedin., Tr. Konf., Leningrad (1961), 1958(6), 72-82, database is CAplus.

Compounds containing Si-H bonds undergo addition reactions with olefins in a steel autoclave at temperatures of 260-300° and at 100-560 atm. with no other catalyst or initiator. Products are of the type Si(olefin)_nH (I), where n = 1-6. The autoclave itself does not appear to act as an initiator by reacting with Cl in chlorosilanes to give metal chlorides, since a similar reaction takes place when no Cl is present in the Si compound The reaction appears to proceed by a free radical route. The influence of temperature and olefin concentration on the product mixture was investigated. With increasing C₂H₄ concentration, where n = 1, the yield of I decreases; where n = 2 or 3, remains the same; where n >3, increases. Increasing temperature in range 285°-400°, with constant (2:1) excess of olefin in mixture, increased the yield of I where n = 1 at expense of n >3; where n = 2 or 3, the yield varied little. For comparison, the reaction was carried out in the presence of certain metallic chlorides. H₂PtCl₆ catalyzes addition reaction at room temperature, but chlorides of Zr, Ti, and Sn, require temperatures ≃200° and give less satisfactory conversion. This reaction appears to proceed via polar intermediates.

Khim. i Prakt. Primenenie Kremneorgan. Soedin., Tr. Konf., Leningrad published new progress about 14799-94-1. 14799-94-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is Dichloro(hexyl)(methyl)silane, and the molecular formula is C7H16Cl2Si, HPLC of Formula: 14799-94-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wagare, Devendra S. published the artcileHighly efficient microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis of 4-aryl-2-aminothiazoles in aqueous medium, Recommanded Product: 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)thiourea, the publication is Environmental Chemistry Letters (2017), 15(3), 475-479, database is CAplus.

A one-pot protocol for the synthesis of 4-aryl-2-aminothiazoles from the reaction of aromatic ketones, NBS (N-bromosuccinimide) and thioureas under microwave irradiation at 80-85° in PEG (polyethylene glycol)-400 and water as a green reaction medium was developed. The products were obtained in 84-89% yields in 28-32 min. The method had several advantages such as use of green solvent, easy work-up, excellent yield and avoiding use of lachrymatory α-haloketones.

Environmental Chemistry Letters published new progress about 3696-23-9. 3696-23-9 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Thiourea,Amine,Benzene,Amide, name is 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)thiourea, and the molecular formula is C8H7N3, Recommanded Product: 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)thiourea.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ma, Junjie published the artcileSemicarbazone derivatives bearing phenyl moiety: synthesis, anticancer activity, cell cycle, apoptosis-inducing and metabolic stability study, Safety of 3-Chlorobenzylchloride, the publication is Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (2019), 67(4), 351-360, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A series of semicarbazone derivatives bearing Ph moiety I [R = Me, Et; R¹ = H, benzyloxidanyl, 2-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-methyloxy, [(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, etc.; R² = t-Bu, H, prop-2-en-1-yl; R³ = H, t-Bu] was synthesized and evaluated for the vitro anticancer activities in four human cancer cell lines (human colon cancer (HT29), human neuroblastoma (SK-N-SH), human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and human gastric cancer (MKN45)). Biol. evaluation led to the identification of I [(I) R = Me, R¹ H, R² = R³ = t-Bu; (II) R = Et, R¹ H, R² = R³ = t-Bu], which showed excellent anticancer activities against tested cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.32 to 1.57 μM, resp., while exhibiting weak cytotoxicity on the normal cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)). Flow cytometric assay for cell cycle and apoptosis revealed that (I) and (II) caused an arrest in the Sub-G1 cell cycle and inhibited proliferation of cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Further enzymic assay suggested that (I) and (II) could significantly activated procaspase-3 to caspase-3. Metabolic stability study indicated that (I) and (II) showed moderate stability in vitro in human and rat liver microsomes. In view of promising pharmacol. activities of (I) and (II), which had emerged as the valuable lead for further development in the treatment for cancer.

Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin published new progress about 620-20-2. 620-20-2 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 3-Chlorobenzylchloride, and the molecular formula is C7H6Cl2, Safety of 3-Chlorobenzylchloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ma, Junjie published the artcileSemicarbazone derivatives bearing phenyl moiety: synthesis, anticancer activity, cell cycle, apoptosis-inducing and metabolic stability study, SDS of cas: 939-99-1, the publication is Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (2019), 67(4), 351-360, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A series of semicarbazone derivatives bearing Ph moiety I [R = Me, Et; R¹ = H, benzyloxidanyl, 2-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-methyloxy, [(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, etc.; R² = t-Bu, H, prop-2-en-1-yl; R³ = H, t-Bu] was synthesized and evaluated for the vitro anticancer activities in four human cancer cell lines (human colon cancer (HT29), human neuroblastoma (SK-N-SH), human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and human gastric cancer (MKN45)). Biol. evaluation led to the identification of I [(I) R = Me, R¹ H, R² = R³ = t-Bu; (II) R = Et, R¹ H, R² = R³ = t-Bu], which showed excellent anticancer activities against tested cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.32 to 1.57 μM, resp., while exhibiting weak cytotoxicity on the normal cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)). Flow cytometric assay for cell cycle and apoptosis revealed that (I) and (II) caused an arrest in the Sub-G1 cell cycle and inhibited proliferation of cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Further enzymic assay suggested that (I) and (II) could significantly activated procaspase-3 to caspase-3. Metabolic stability study indicated that (I) and (II) showed moderate stability in vitro in human and rat liver microsomes. In view of promising pharmacol. activities of (I) and (II), which had emerged as the valuable lead for further development in the treatment for cancer.

Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin published new progress about 939-99-1. 939-99-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClF3, SDS of cas: 939-99-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics