Tag: M.W=250-300

Kim, Hyeon-Young; Kim, Tae Rim; Kim, Sung-Hwan; Kim, In-Hyeon; Ko, Youngho; Yun, Sungil; Lee, In-Chul; Park, Han-Oh; Kim, Jong-Choon published the artcile< Genotoxicity evaluation of self-assembled-micelle inhibitory RNA-targeting amphiregulin (SAMiRNA-AREG), a novel siRNA nanoparticle for the treatment of fibrotic disease>, HPLC of Formula: 6055-19-2, the main research area is amphiregulin SAMiRNA targeting nanoparticle fibrotic disease treatment genotoxicity; GLP study; Self-assembled-micelle interfering RNA nanoparticle; amphiregulin; genotoxicity; safety evaluation.

The self-assembled-micelle inhibitory RNA-targeting amphiregulin (SAMiRNA-AREG) is a novel small-interfering RNA (siRNA) nanoparticle that is used for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. We investigated the potential genotoxicity of SAMiRNA-AREG based on the guidelines published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. In the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), SAMiRNA-AREG did not induce mutations in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA1535, TA98, and TA1537 and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA at concentrations of up to 3000μg/plate with or without metabolic activation. The SAMiRNA-AREG (concentrations up to 500μg/mL) did not induce chromosomal aberrations in cultured Chinese hamster lung cells with or without metabolic activation. In the in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay, the SAMiRNA-AREG (concentrations up to 300 mg/kg body weight) did not affect the proportions of polychromatic erythrocytes and total erythrocytes, nor did it increase the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in ICR mice. Collectively, these results suggest that SAMiRNA-AREG is safe with regard to genotoxicity such as mutagenesis or clastogenesis under the present exptl. conditions. These results might support the safety of SAMiRNA-AREG as a potential therapeutic agent for pharmaceutical development.

Drug and Chemical Toxicology (1977) published new progress about Ames test. 6055-19-2 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H17Cl2N2O3P, HPLC of Formula: 6055-19-2.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Toja, E.; Gorini, C.; Zirotti, C.; Barzaghi, F.; Galliani, G. published the artcile< Amnesia-reversal activity of a series of 5-alkoxy-1-arylsulfonyl-2-pyrrolidinones>, Quality Control of 5335-40-0, the main research area is pyrrolidinone alkoxyarylsulfonyl preparation antiamnesic; alkoxyarylsulfonylpyrrolidinone preparation antiamnesic antihypoxic.

A series of 5-alkoxy-1-arylsulfonyl-2-pyrrolidinones were prepared by condensation of arylsulfonyl chlorides with 5-alkoxy-2-pyrrolidinones. Most compounds reversed electroconvulsive shock-induced amnesia in mice, showing the typical inverted U-shaped dose-response curve. The results for 58 compounds indicate that the potency is maximum when there is a 5-ethoxy group and progressively declines as the ether alkyl chain is either elongated or shortened. Substitution on the Ph ring or its replacement with heterocyclic rings or its hydrogenation decreases the activity. The most promising compounds, with anti-amnesic properties superior in many respects (greater potency, greater efficacy and broader active dose-range) to those of piracetam and antiracetam were further evaluated for reversing scopolamine-induced amnesia and for their antihypoxic activity. 5-Ethoxy-1-phenylsulfonyl-2-pyrrolidinone and 5-(1-methylethoxy)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylsulfonyl]-2-pyrrolidinone were selected for further evaluation because of their potent anti-amnesic and/or antihypoxic activity.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Amnesia. 5335-40-0 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H7ClO4S2, Quality Control of 5335-40-0.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ding, Yao; Wei, Dingqiong; He, Rong; Yuan, Rusheng; Xie, Tengfeng; Li, Zhaohui published the artcile< Rational design of Z-scheme PtS-ZnIn2S4/WO3-MnO2 for overall photo-catalytic water splitting under visible light>, Synthetic Route of 22519-64-8, the main research area is platinum zinc indium sulfide manganese oxide photocatalytic water splitting.

ZnIn2S4/WO3 nanocomposites, with ZnIn2S4 nanosheets loaded on WO3 nanorods, were synthesized by self-assembly of hexagonal ZnIn2S4 in the presence of preformed WO3·H2O nanoplates. PtS and MnO2, the co-catalysts for H2 and O2 evolution, resp., were selectively loaded on ZnIn2S4 and WO3 in the nanocomposites. The resultant PtS-ZnIn2S4/WO3-MnO2 nanocomposites show photocatalytic activity for overall water splitting to produce H2 and O2 under visible light. An optimum activity was achieved over 0.5%PtS-20%ZnIn2S4/WO3-3.0%MnO2, in which 5.94 μmol of H2 and 2.24 μmol O2 were evolved in 8 h. The apparent quantum yield (AQY) for H2 evolution was determined to be ca. 0.50% at 420 nm. The superior photocatalytic activity for overall water splitting over PtS-ZnIn2S4/WO3-MnO2 nanocomposites can be ascribed to an efficient coupling of photocatalytic water reduction over PtS-ZnIn2S4 and photocatalytic water oxidation over MnO2-WO3 via a Z-scheme charge transfer pathway. This study demonstrates a high potential of fabrication of the all-solid Z-scheme photocatalytic systems for overall water splitting.

Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental published new progress about Current density. 22519-64-8 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is Cl3H8InO4, Synthetic Route of 22519-64-8.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Zhenhua; Huang, Jinyu; Wang, Quan; Zhou, Jiaxi; Ye, Jiexiong; Li, Xuejin; Geng, Youfu; Liang, Zhiqiang; Du, Yu; Tian, Xiaoqing published the artcile< Indium oxide-black phosphorus composites for ultrasensitive nitrogen dioxide sensing at room temperature>, Related Products of 22519-64-8, the main research area is indium oxide black phosphorus composite ultrasensitive nitrogen dioxide sensing.

In2O3 nanorods were successfully incorporated by different amount of multi-layer black phosphorus (m-BP), forming the hetero-structured BP-In2O3 composites. The structure, morphol. and composition of the as-synthesized composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and XPS. Interestingly, the environmental stability of BP can be notably improved by the introduction of In2O3. Moreover, NO2 sensing properties of BP-In2O3 composites were tested at room temperature (25°C) with relative humidity of 30%. It is demonstrated that the sensor based on BP-In2O3 composites exhibits high response, lower detect limit, short response-recovery time and outstanding selectivity at room temperature Such sensing behavior can be attributed to high adsorption capacity to NO2, large surface area, excellent carrier mobility of BP-In2O3 in presence of BP, as well as high concentration of chemisorbed oxygen on the In2O3 surface derived from electrons transfer from BP to In2O3.

Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical published new progress about Adsorption. 22519-64-8 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is Cl3H8InO4, Related Products of 22519-64-8.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ellison, Corie A.; Tankersley, Kevin O.; Obringer, Cindy M.; Carr, Greg J.; Manwaring, John; Rothe, Helga; Duplan, Helene; Genies, Camille; Gregoire, Sebastien; Hewitt, Nicola J.; Jamin, Carine Jacques; Klaric, Martina; Lange, Daniela; Rolaki, Alexandra; Schepky, Andreas published the artcile< Partition coefficient and diffusion coefficient determinations of 50 compounds in human intact skin, isolated skin layers and isolated stratum corneum lipids>, Computed Properties of 6055-19-2, the main research area is partition coefficient diffusion human intact skin; Diffusion coefficient; Infinite dose; Partition coefficient; Skin absorption; Skin penetration.

A standard protocol was used to determine partition (K) and diffusion (D) coefficients in dermatomed human skin and isolated human skin layers for 50 compounds relevant to cosmetics ingredients. K values were measured in dermatomed skin, isolated dermis, whole epidermis, intact stratum corneum (SC), delipidized SC and SC lipids by direct measurements of the radioactivity in the tissue layers/lipid component vs. buffer samples. D determinations were made in dermatomed skin, isolated dermis, whole epidermis and intact SC using a non-linear regression of the cumulative receptor fluid content of radiolabeled compound, fit to the solution of Fick’s 2nd Law. Correlation anal. was completed between K, D, and physicochem. properties. The amount of interindividual (donor) and intraindividual (replicate) variability in the K and D data was characterized for each skin layer and chem. These data can be further used to help inform the factors that influence skin bioavailability and to help improve in silico models of dermal penetration.

Toxicology In Vitro published new progress about Bioavailability. 6055-19-2 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H17Cl2N2O3P, Computed Properties of 6055-19-2.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kanno, Seiya; Okubo, Yusuke; Kageyama, Tatsuto; Yan, Lei; Fukuda, Junji published the artcile< Integrated fibroblast growth factor signal disruptions in human iPS cells for prediction of teratogenic toxicity of chemicals>, Electric Literature of 6055-19-2, the main research area is human iPS cell fibroblast growth factor chem teratogenic toxicity; Fibroblast growth factor; Pluripotent stem cells; Signal disruption; Signal reporter assay; Teratogenicity.

The number of man-made chems. has increased rapidly in recent decades, with certain chems. potentially causing malformations in fetuses. Although the toxicities of chems. have been tested in animals, chems. that are not teratogenic in rodents can cause severe malformations in humans, owing to the differences in the susceptibility to the teratogenicity of chems. among species. One possible cause of such species differences, other than pharmacokinetics, could be the difference in sensitivity to such chems. at the cellular level. Therefore, a human cell-based high-throughput assay system is needed for detecting potential teratogenic chems. In this study, we proposed a signal reporter assay using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Because developmental processes are governed by highly intricate and precisely programmed signaling pathways, external chem.-induced disruption of these pathways often triggers developmental toxicities. The reporter assay using hiPSCs was used to detect changes in the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway, a pathway essential for limb morphogenesis. The method was based on monitoring and time-accumulation of the signal disruption over time, rather than the classical endpoint detection of the signal disruption. This approach was useful for detecting signal disruptions caused by the malformation chems. listed in the ICH S5 guideline, including thalidomide. The human iPSC-based signal disruption assay could be a promising tool for the initial screening of developmental toxicants.

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering published new progress about Cell viability. 6055-19-2 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H17Cl2N2O3P, Electric Literature of 6055-19-2.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Peng; Zhou, Xibin; Shao, Yu; Li, Danzhen; Zuo, Zhongfu; Liu, Xuezheng published the artcile< CdS quantum dots-decorated InOOH: Facile synthesis and excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light>, Related Products of 22519-64-8, the main research area is cadmium sulfide quantum dot indium oxyhydroxide photocatalyst visible light; CdS quantum dots; InOOH; Nitro aromatics; Photocatalytic reduction; Visible light.

For the first time, CdS quantum dots (QDs)-decorated InOOH (CdS-In for short) was synthesized by a facile photodeposition method. The experiment results showed that CdS-In samples exhibited excellent activity and stability towards photocatalytic reduction of nitro aromatics The conversion ratio of 4-nitroaniline (4-NA) over CdS-In sample that was prepared with photodeposition time of 120 min (CdS-In-120) reached up to 99.4% under visible light irradiation for 40 min, which was even higher than that achieved over com. CdS (86.2%). Besides the significant enhancement of visible light absorption, quantum sized CdS were decorated evenly on the surface of InOOH, which was very beneficial for the high activity. Furthermore, the heterogeneous junction formed at the interface of CdS QDs and InOOH can significantly increase the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers. Active species control experiment and ESR (ESR) technique have proved that photogenerated electrons are the main active species towards photocatalytic reduction of nitro aromatics It is anticipated that our study would offer meaningful insights for exploring novel InOOH-based visible light photocatalysts towards efficient reduction of nitro aromatics

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science published new progress about Crystallinity. 22519-64-8 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is Cl3H8InO4, Related Products of 22519-64-8.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yan, Wei; Xu, Yangyang; Hao, Shengwei; He, Zhengdong; Wang, Lele; Wei, Qingyuan; Xu, Jing; Tang, Hua published the artcile< Promoting charge separation in hollow-structured C/MoS2@ZnIn2S4/Co3O4 photocatalysts via double heterojunctions for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution>, Safety of Indium(III) chloride tetrahydrate, the main research area is hollow structured double heterojunction hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst.

A reasonable design of samples with efficient spatial separation for photoinduced electron-hole pairs toward the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has gained significant attention. Herein, a new C/MoS2@ZnIn2S4/Co3O4 composite with a core-shell structure is designed toward photocatalytic hydrogen production on C/MoS2 and Co3O4 dual electron collectors. Co3O4 nanoparticles as the co-catalyst would form a Schottky junction with ZnIn2S4 nanosheets while the C/MoS2 hollow core would form the step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction with ZnIn2S4 sheets, which provides a dual photogenerated electron transfer pathway during the light irradiation process. In addition, the unique core-shell architecture offers large contact interfaces favoring the exposure of rich active sites, which facilitated the separation and the transfer of charges. Consequently, all these factors endowed the C/MoS2@ZnIn2S4/Co3O4 composite with enhanced light absorption ability and an increased hydrogen evolution rate of 6.7 mmol·g-1·h-1 under 420 nm light irradiation, which is about 23.4- and 4.5-fold that of ZnIn2S4 and CMZ, resp. This work offers a guideline for designing efficient composite photocatalysts toward the photocatalytic HER.

Inorganic Chemistry published new progress about Charge separation. 22519-64-8 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is Cl3H8InO4, Safety of Indium(III) chloride tetrahydrate.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kovalcik, Thomas R.; Guillory, J. Keith published the artcile< Stability of cyclophosphamide in lyophilized cakes. II. Urea, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dextran as excipients>, COA of Formula: C7H17Cl2N2O3P, the main research area is cyclophosphamide stability lyophilization; excipient cyclophosphamide stability lyophilization.

Lyophilized products containing cyclophosphamide (I) and one of the following excipients: urea, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-40), or dextran, were prepared All of the products were well-formed cakes. I in these lyophilized cakes underwent rapid (t90 < 30 days) degradation in the solid state at room temperature The lyophilized cakes were humidified with 5 μL water. In the cake containing urea, DSC and x-ray diffraction showed that I was converted from the amorphous to the monohydrate form when exposed to moisture, and exhibited improved stability. In the case of the cake containing PVP-40, the incorporation of moisture resulted in formation of a clear, semi-solid possessing poor stability. The I/dextran cake remained intact upon humidification. DSC and x-ray diffraction showed that I in this cake was not converted from the amorphous form to the monohydrate form, and exhibited no improvement in stability. Journal of Parenteral Science and Technology published new progress about Freeze drying. 6055-19-2 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H17Cl2N2O3P, COA of Formula: C7H17Cl2N2O3P.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sakura, Mizuaki; Masuda, Hitoshi; Matsukoa, Yoh; Yokoyama, Minato; Kawakmi, Satoru; Kihara, Kazunori published the artcile< Rolipram, a specific type-4 phosphodiesterase inhibitor, inhibits cyclophosphamide-induced haemorrhagic cystitis in rats>, Application In Synthesis of 6055-19-2, the main research area is rolipram phosphodiesterase inhibitor cyclophosphamide monohydrate hemorrhagic cystitis iNOS antiinflammatory.

To investigate the protective roles of type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitor in cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, as the PDE4 inhibitor has anti-inflammatory effects but its characterization is still unknown in urinary tract diseases. In female Sprague-Dawley rats, CYP was administered i.p. and bladders were harvested 24 h after CYP injection. In another group, rolipram as a PDE4 inhibitor was administered before CYP treatment. The effects and mechanisms of CYP with/ without rolipram pretreatment were evaluated by microscopic features, bladder wet weight, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitric oxide (NO)-metabolite production and expression levels of inflammation-related genes. CYP injection resulted in severe cystitis. Pretreatment with rolipram significantly reduced the increase in bladder wet weight and MPO activity, and ameliorated histol. inflammatory changes caused by CYP. The levels of inflammation-related transcripts including inducible NO synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, induced by CYP, were down-regulated significantly by pretreatment with rolipram. Also, rolipram reduced the NO-metabolite production and iNOS protein expression in the immunohistochem. examination These results indicate that rolipram can attenuate the development of CYP-induced cystitis in rats by suppressing cytokine production and iNOS induction. Thus, treatment with PDE4 inhibitor has potential clin. implications of the prevention of bladder inflammatory diseases.

BJU International published new progress about Anti-inflammatory agents. 6055-19-2 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H17Cl2N2O3P, Application In Synthesis of 6055-19-2.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics