Tag: M.W=150-200

Magidson, O. Yu. published the artcileSynthesis of Phenadone, Safety of 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine hydrochloride, the publication is Meditsinskaya Promyshlennost SSSR (1957), 11(No. 3), 25-8, database is CAplus.

The synthesis of Phenadone proceeds in 6 stages. CH₂:CHCH₂Cl (300 g.) with 600 g. tech. H₂SO₄ (d. 1.8-1.82) at 25-30° 1 hr. gives 319.3 g. MeCH(OH)CH₂Cl (I). I (300 g.) is added to 546 g. 37% aqueous Me₂NH and 300 g. 40% NaOH below 40°, the mixture stirred 30 min., 150 g. 40% NaOH added, the mixture kept 12 hrs., and the upper layer fractionated to give 183.8 g. MeCH(OH)CH₂NMe₂ (II), also prepared from propylene oxide and Me₂NH. II (250 g.) is added dropwise to 380 g. SOCl₂ and 730 g. of dry (ClCH₂)₂ during 1-1.5 hrs. at 30° and the mixture boiled 2 hrs. to give 338 g. MeCHClCH₂NMe₂.HCl (III). Ph₂CHCN (60 g.), 46.6 g. powd. NaOH, and 69 g. III heated to 90-100°, kept at this temperature 7 hrs. with stirring, cooled, diluted with 50 cc. of H₂O, and worked up gave 46 g. Ph₂C(CN)CH₂CHMeNMe₂ (IV), m. 88-90°. IV (80 g.) in 70 cc. dry xylene is treated with EtMgBr (from 10 g. Mg and 50 g. EtBr), 55-60° 3 hrs. with stirring, kept 12 hrs., and acidified with 10% HCl, the ether distilled and the temperature raised to 115° to distil ether, xylene, and H₂O. The crystals in the residue are filtered off and washed with acetone to yield 89 g. EtCOCPh₂CH₂CHMeNMe₂.HBr (V.HBr), m. 224°; V, m. 77°; V.HCl (Phenadone), m. 229-31°.

Meditsinskaya Promyshlennost SSSR published new progress about 4584-49-0. 4584-49-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine hydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C5H13Cl2N, Safety of 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine hydrochloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Jia published the artcileDiscovery of thiophene-containing biaryl amide derivatives as novel glucagon receptor antagonists, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Chemical Biology & Drug Design (2018), 92(1), 1241-1254, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A novel series of thiophene-containing biaryl amide derivatives I (R¹ = 4-FC₆H₄, 4-CF₃OC₆H₄, 4-t-BuC₆H₄, etc.; R² = 2-Me-4-ClC₆H₃, 3-Me-4-ClC₆H₃, 2,4,6-(Me)₃) as glucagon receptor (GCGR) antagonists were designed and synthesized. Two compounds of this series, I (R¹ = 4-CF₃OC₆H₄; R² = 2-Me-4-ClC₆H₃) and I (R¹ = 4-t-BuC₆H₄; R² = 2-Me-4-ClC₆H₃), exhibited good GCGR binding (IC₅₀ = 6.1 and 4.4 μM, resp.) and cAMP functional activities (IC₅₀ = 4.4 and 14.4 μM, resp.). The possible binding modes of above two compounds with GCGR were explored by mol. simulation.

Chemical Biology & Drug Design published new progress about 209919-30-2. 209919-30-2 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Boronic acid and ester,Benzene,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is 4-Chloro-2-methylphenylboronic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H8BClO2, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aliabadi, Alireza published the artcileSynthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of N-(5-(substituted-benzylthio)-1,3,4 thiadiazole-2-yl)-2-p-nitrophenylacetamide derivatives as potential anticancer agents, Recommanded Product: 3-Chlorobenzylchloride, the publication is Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering (2019), 38(1), 49-55, database is CAplus.

Cancer is a big global problem and is one of the top and main causes of mortality in developed countries. Many of the current treatments and anticancer therapeutics have problems with severe side effects and on the other hand, the drug resistance is also another obstacle in the cancer chemotherapy. Hence, there is a strong demand for the discovery and development of effective new antineoplastic therapies. According to the in vitro effectiveness of 1,3,4-thiadiazole based compounds as anticancer agents, new 1,3,4-thiadiazole based derivatives with various electron withdrawing and electron donating moieties were synthesized and tested by MTT assay against three cancerous cell lines. PC3 (Prostate cancer), U87-C-531 (Glioblastoma) and MDA-MB-231 (Breast cancer) cell lines were applied for MTT assay and obtained results were compared to imatinib. Study of the structure activity relationship of prepared compounds showed electron withdrawing substituents such as Cl, F and NO₂ enhanced the anticancer properties compared to compound without any substituent (compound 3l) or compounds with electron donating (methoxy) substituent (compounds 3j and 3k). Totally, compound 3a (IC₅₀ = 10.6 μM) showed superior activity against PC3 cell line and compounds 3d (IC₅₀ = 10.3 μM), 3h (IC₅₀ = 12.5 μM) and 3j (IC₅₀ = 11.3 μM) exhibited higher activity against MDA-MB-231 cell line compared to imatinib as reference drug.

Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering published new progress about 620-20-2. 620-20-2 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 3-Chlorobenzylchloride, and the molecular formula is C7H6Cl2, Recommanded Product: 3-Chlorobenzylchloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bouton, Jakob published the artcileRevisiting Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine Nucleosides as Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and Antileishmanial Agents, Recommanded Product: 4-Chloro-2-methylphenylboronic acid, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2021), 64(7), 4206-4238, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Chagas disease and visceral leishmaniasis are two neglected tropical diseases responsible for numerous deaths around the world. For both, current treatments are largely inadequate, resulting in a continued need for new drug discovery. As both kinetoplastid parasites are incapable of de novo purine synthesis, they depend on purine salvage pathways that allow them to acquire and process purines from the host to meet their demands. Purine nucleoside analogs therefore constitute a logical source of potential antiparasitic agents. Earlier optimization efforts of the natural product tubercidin (7-deazaadenosine) involving modifications to the nucleobase 7-position and the ribofuranose 3′-position led to analogs with potent anti-Trypanosoma brucei and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activities. In this work, we report the design and synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine nucleosides with 3′- and 7-modifications and assess their potential as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and antileishmanial agents. One compound was selected for in vivo evaluation in an acute Chagas disease mouse model.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 209919-30-2. 209919-30-2 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Boronic acid and ester,Benzene,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is 4-Chloro-2-methylphenylboronic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H8BClO2, Recommanded Product: 4-Chloro-2-methylphenylboronic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bouton, Jakob published the artcileRevisiting Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine Nucleosides as Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and Antileishmanial Agents, Quality Control of 871332-95-5, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2021), 64(7), 4206-4238, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Chagas disease and visceral leishmaniasis are two neglected tropical diseases responsible for numerous deaths around the world. For both, current treatments are largely inadequate, resulting in a continued need for new drug discovery. As both kinetoplastid parasites are incapable of de novo purine synthesis, they depend on purine salvage pathways that allow them to acquire and process purines from the host to meet their demands. Purine nucleoside analogs therefore constitute a logical source of potential antiparasitic agents. Earlier optimization efforts of the natural product tubercidin (7-deazaadenosine) involving modifications to the nucleobase 7-position and the ribofuranose 3′-position led to analogs with potent anti-Trypanosoma brucei and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activities. In this work, we report the design and synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine nucleosides with 3′- and 7-modifications and assess their potential as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and antileishmanial agents. One compound was selected for in vivo evaluation in an acute Chagas disease mouse model.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 871332-95-5. 871332-95-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Nitrile,Boronic acid and ester,Benzene,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is (4-Chloro-3-cyanophenyl)boronic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H5BClNO2, Quality Control of 871332-95-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nguyen, H. published the artcileCigarette smoke impairs neutrophil respiratory burst activation by aldehyde-induced thiol modifications, Application In Synthesis of 33697-81-3, the publication is Toxicology (2001), 160(1-3), 207-217, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Exposure to airborne pollutants such as tobacco smoke is associated with increased activation of inflammatory-immune processes and is thought to contribute to the incidence of respiratory tract disease. We hypothezised that cigarette smoke (CS) could synergize with activated inflammatory/immune cells to cause oxidative injury or result in the formation of unique reactive oxidants. Isolated human neutrophils were exposed to gas-phase CS, and the production of nitrating and chlorinating oxidants following neutrophil stimulation was monitored using the substrate 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (HPA). Stimulation of neutrophils in the presence of CS resulted in a reduced oxidation and chlorination of HPA, suggesting inhibition of NADPH oxidase or myeloperoxidase (MPO), the two major enzymes involved in inflammatory oxidant formation. Peroxidase assays demonstrated that neutrophil MPO activity was not significantly affected after CS-exposure, leaving the NADPH oxidase as a likely target. The inhibition of neutrophil oxidant formation was found to coincide with depletion of cellular GSH, and a similar modification of critical cysteine residues, such as those in NADPH oxidase components, might be involved in reduced respiratory burst activity. As α,β-unsaturated aldehydes such as acrolein have been implicated in thiol modifications by CS, we exposed neutrophils to acrolein prior to stimulation, and observed inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation in relation to GSH depletion. Addnl., translocation of the cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the membrane, a necessary requirement for enzyme activation, was inhibited. Protein adducts of acrolein (or related aldehydes) could be detected in several neutrophil proteins, including NADPH oxidase components, following neutrophil exposure to either CS or acrolein. Alterations in neutrophil function by exposure to (environmental) tobacco smoke may affect inflammatory/infectious conditions and thereby contribute to tobacco-related disease.

Toxicology published new progress about 33697-81-3. 33697-81-3 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H7ClO3, Application In Synthesis of 33697-81-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Zi-Hao published the artcileN-Hydroxyphthalimide/benzoquinone-catalyzed chlorination of hydrocarbon C-H bond using N-chlorosuccinimide, Synthetic Route of 939-99-1, the publication is Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (2019), 17(13), 3403-3408, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The direct chlorination of C-H bonds has received considerable attention in recent years. In this work, a metal-free protocol for hydrocarbon C-H bond chlorination with com. available N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) catalyzed by N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) with 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone (DDQ) functioning as an external radical initiator is presented. Aliphatic and benzylic substituents and also heteroaromatic ones were found to be well tolerated. Both the experiments and theor. anal. indicate that the reaction goes through a process wherein NHPI functions as a catalyst rather than as an initiator. On the other hand, the hydrogen abstraction of the C-H bond conducted by a PINO species rather than the highly reactive N-centered radicals rationalizes the high chemoselectivity of the monochlorination obtained by this protocol as the latter is reactive towards the C(sp³)-H bonds of the monochlorides. The present results could hold promise for further development of a nitroxy-radical system for the highly selective functionalization of the aliphatic and benzylic hydrocarbon C-H.

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry published new progress about 939-99-1. 939-99-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClF3, Synthetic Route of 939-99-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Neumann, Anke published the artcilePhenyl methyl ethers: novel electron donors for respiratory growth of Desulfitobacterium hafniense and Desulfitobacterium sp. strain PCE-S, Name: 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, the publication is Archives of Microbiology (2004), 181(3), 245-249, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Desulfitobacterium hafniense and Desulfitobacterium sp. strain PCE-S grew under anoxic conditions with a variety of Ph Me ethers as electron donors in combination with fumarate as electron acceptor. The Ph Me ethers were O-demethylated to the corresponding phenol compounds O-demethylation was strictly dependent on the presence of fumarate; no O-demethylation occurred with CO₂ as electron acceptor. One mol Ph Me ether R-O-CH₃ was O-demethylated to R-OH per 3 mol fumarate reduced to succinate. The growth yields with vanillate or syringate plus fumarate were approx. 15 g cells (dry weight) per mol Me moiety converted. D. hafniense utilized vanillate or syringate as an electron donor for reductive dehalogenation of 3-Cl-4-hydroxyphenylacetate, whereas strain PCE-S was not able to dechlorinate tetrachloroethene with Ph Me ethers. Crude extracts of both organisms showed O-demethylase activity in the O-demethylase assay with vanillate or syringate as substrates when the organism was grown on syringate plus fumarate. Besides the homoacetogenic bacteria, only growing cells of Desulfitobacterium frappieri PCP-1 have thus far been reported to be capable of Ph Me ether O-demethylation. This present study is the first report of Desulfitobacteria utilizing Ph Me ethers as electron donors for fumarate reduction and for growth.

Archives of Microbiology published new progress about 33697-81-3. 33697-81-3 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H7ClO3, Name: 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Steinmetz, Fabian P. published the artcileMethods for assigning confidence to toxicity data with multiple values – Identifying experimental outliers, COA of Formula: C6H3ClFNO2, the publication is Science of the Total Environment (2014), 358-365, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The assessment of data quality is a crucial element in many disciplines such as predictive toxicol. and risk assessment. Currently, the reliability of toxicity data is assessed on the basis of testing information alone (adherence to Good Laboratory Practice (GLP), detailed testing protocols, etc.). Common practice is to take one toxicity data point per compound – usually the one with the apparently highest reliability. All other toxicity data points (for the same experiment and compound) from other sources are neglected. To show the benefits of incorporating the “less reliable” data, a simple, independent, statistical approach to assess data quality and reliability on a math. basis was developed. A large data set of toxicity values to Aliivibrio fischeri was assessed. The data set contained 1813 data points for 1227 different compounds, including 203 identified as non-polar narcotic. Log K_OW values were calculated and non-polar narcosis quant. structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were built. A statistical approach to data quality assessment, which is based on data outlier omission and confidence scoring, improved the linear QSARs. The results indicate that a beneficial method for using large data sets containing multiple data values per compound and highly variable study data has been developed. Furthermore this statistical approach can help to develop novel QSARs and support risk assessment by obtaining more reliable values for biol. endpoints.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about 350-30-1. 350-30-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Nitro Compound,Benzene, name is 3-Chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene, and the molecular formula is C28H41N7O4, COA of Formula: C6H3ClFNO2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alazzouzi, ElMostafa published the artcileA solid-phase method for the synthesis of small to medium-sized cyclic oligonucleotides, Safety of 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, the publication is Nucleosides & Nucleotides (1997), 16(7-9), 1513-1514, database is CAplus.

Cyclic oligodeoxyribonucleotides (2- to 30-mer) are synthesized by a solid-phase method, for both chain elongation and cyclization, employing a new linker and standard phosphoramidite chem. Fairly pure crude products (>90% by HPLC) are obtained.

Nucleosides & Nucleotides published new progress about 33697-81-3. 33697-81-3 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H7ClO3, Safety of 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics