Month: December 2022

Hwang, Gi Won published the artcileSensitive ratiometric detection of Al(III) ions in a 100% aqueous buffered solution using a fluorescent probe based on a peptide receptor, Formula: C19H14Cl2, the publication is New Journal of Chemistry (2018), 42(2), 1437-1445, database is CAplus.

Ratiometric detection of Al(III) ions in aqueous buffered solutions is still a significant challenge. Herein, a fluorescent probe [1-pyrenyl]-CH₂CO-L-Ser-L-Asp-OH (I) based on a dipeptide receptor bearing a pyrene fluorophore was synthesized by solid phase synthesis for the ratiometric detection of Al(III) ions in aqueous solutions The peptidyl bioprobe detected Al(III) ions sensitively in a 100% aqueous buffered solution through ratiometric response. Upon the addition of Al(III) ions, the excimer emission at 476 nm increased significantly, and the monomer emission at 395 nm decreased considerably. Approx. 3.5 equiv of Al(III) was required for the complete ratiometric response of I. Also, I showed linear responses to nanomolar concentrations (0-500 nM) of Al(III) by change in the intensity ratio of the excimer and monomer emissions. The detection limit of I for Al(III) was 138.1 nM (R² = 0.980) in 100% aqueous solutions The probe showed highly selective response to Al(III) in the presence of 16 metal ions. The fluorescent peptidyl probe was suitable for the ratiometric detection of Al(III) ions in ground water, tap water, and urine.

New Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 42074-68-0. 42074-68-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 2-Chlorotrityl chloride, and the molecular formula is C19H14Cl2, Formula: C19H14Cl2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chen, Yih-Ting published the artcileAcute kidney disease and acute kidney injury biomarkers in coronary care unit patients, Product Details of C12H15ClO3, the publication is BMC Nephrology (2020), 21(1), 207, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Background: Acute kidney disease (AKD) describes acute or subacute damage and/or loss of kidney function for a duration of between 7 and 90 days after exposure to an acute kidney injury (AKI) initiating event. This study investigated the predictive ability of AKI biomarkers in predicting AKD in coronary care unit (CCU) patients. Methods: A total of 269 (mean age: 64 years; 202 (75%) men and 67 (25%) women) patients admitted to the CCU of a tertiary care teaching hospital from Nov. 2009 to Sept. 2014 were enrolled. Information considered necessary to evaluate 31 demog., clin. and laboratory variables (including AKI biomarkers) was prospectively recorded on the first day of CCU admission for post hoc anal. as predictors of AKD. Blood and urinary samples of the enrolled patients were tested for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C (CysC) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). Results: The overall hospital mortality rate was 4.8%. Of the 269 patients, 128 (47.6%) had AKD. Multivariate logistic regression anal. revealed that age, Hb, ejection fraction and serum IL-18 were independent predictors of AKD. Cumulative survival rates at 5 years of follow-up after hospital discharge differed significantly (p < 0.001) between subgroups of patients diagnosed with AKD (stage 0A, 0C, 1, 2 and 3). The overall 5-yr survival rate was 81.8% (220/269). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard anal. revealed that urine NGAL, body weight and Hb level were independent risk factors for 5-yr mortality. Conclusions: This investigation confirmed that AKI biomarkers can predict AKD in CCU patients. Age, Hb, ejection fraction and serum IL-18 were independently associated with developing AKD in the CCU patients, and urine NGAL, body weight and Hb level could predict 5-yr survival in these patients.

BMC Nephrology published new progress about 637-07-0. 637-07-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Cell Cycle,PPAR, name is Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate, and the molecular formula is C12H15ClO3, Product Details of C12H15ClO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Burns, Mark R. published the artcileStructural correlation between lipophilicity and lipopolysaccharide-sequestering activity in spermine-sulfonamide analogs, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2006), 16(24), 6209-6212, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), otherwise termed endotoxins, are outer-membrane constituents of Gram-neg. bacteria, and play a key role in the pathogenesis of Septic Shock, a major cause of mortality in the critically ill patient. We had previously defined the pharmacophore necessary for small mols. to specifically bind and neutralize this complex carbohydrate. A series of aryl and aliphatic spermine-sulfonamide analogs were synthesized and tested in a series of binding and cell-based assays in order to probe the effect of lipophilicity on sequestration ability. A strong correlation was indeed found, supporting the hypothesis that endotoxin-neutralizing ability involves a lipophilic or membrane attachment event. The research discussed herein may be useful for the design of addnl. carbohydrate recognizing mols. and endotoxin-neutralizing drugs.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about 32333-53-2. 32333-53-2 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Chloride,Sulfonyl chlorides,Benzene, name is 4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonyl Chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H3Cl2F3O2S, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Schwarze, Benedikt published the artcile2,2′-Bipyridine-Modified Tamoxifen: A Versatile Vector for Molybdacarboranes, Computed Properties of 6313-54-8, the publication is ChemMedChem (2019), 14(24), 2075-2083, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Investigations on the antitumor activity of metallacarboranes are sparse in the literature and limited to a handful of ruthena- and molybdacarboranes. In this study, the molybdacarborane fragment [3-(CO)₂-closo-3,1,2-MoC₂B₉H₁₁] was combined with a vector mol., inspired by the well-known drug tamoxifen or 4,4′-dihydroxytamoxifen (TAM-diOH). The molybdacarborane derivative [3,3-{4-[1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)but-1-en-2-yl]-2,2′-bipyridine-κ²N,N′}-3-(CO)₂-closo-3,1,2-MoC₂B₉H₁₁] (10), as well as the ligand itself 4-[1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)but-1-en-2-yl]-2,2′-bipyridine (6) showed cytotoxic activities in the low micromolar range against breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361 and MCF-7), human glioblastoma (LN-229) and human glioma (U-251) cell lines. In addition, compounds 6 and 10 were found to induce senescence and cytodestructive autophagy, lower ROS/RNS levels, but only the molybdacarborane 10 induced a strong increase of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in the MCF-7 cells.

ChemMedChem published new progress about 6313-54-8. 6313-54-8 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Chloride,Carboxylic acid, name is 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid, and the molecular formula is C12H13NO3, Computed Properties of 6313-54-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reemtsma, T. published the artcilePotential of ethyl acetate in the determination of extractable organic halogens (EOX) from contaminated soil, sediment, and sewage sludge, Formula: C8H7ClO3, the publication is Chemosphere (1996), 32(5), 815-26, database is CAplus.

The potential of Me tert-Bu ether, toluene and Et acetate for determining extractable organic halogens (EOX) from contaminated soil, lake sediments and sewage sludge was studied and compared with hexane, which is prescribed in the German standard method of EOX determination Soxhlet-extraction with Et acetate proved most efficient and yielded 2-6 times the EOX-values obtained by hexane. Washing of Et acetate extracts is not necessary, since interferences by coextd. inorganic halides was negligible if dried samples are extracted The detection limit is at 0.1-0.2 μg g^-1 with standard deviations between 3-7%. The method was further evaluated by application onto soil samples spiked with 3-chloro-4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid (I) and phosphoric acid-tris-(2-chloroethyl) ester (II). Et acetate recoveries were 45-52% for I and 77-110% for II, compared with 6-13% recovery by hexane. Et acetate extraction substantially improves the EOX-determination but it might still underestimate the true value. For all sewage sludge, soil and sediment samples the EOX/EOM (extractable organic matter) ratio did also increase using Et acetate. This indicates the importance of polar halogenated contaminants which are amenable by Et acetate extraction rather than by hexane. The implications of EOX/EOM ratios for EOX dynamics are discussed.

Chemosphere published new progress about 33697-81-3. 33697-81-3 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H7ClO3, Formula: C8H7ClO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Darses, Benjamin published the artcileAsymmetric synthesis of amines through rhodium-catalyzed C-H amination with sulfonimidoylnitrenes, Quality Control of 7080-50-4, the publication is Synthesis (2013), 45(15), 2079-2087, database is CAplus.

An efficient asym. C-H amination of benzylic and allylic substrates, as well as of adamantane derivatives, through catalytic C-H insertion of a chiral nitrene is reported. The reaction involves a chiral rhodium(II) complex, an iodine(III) oxidant, and a sulfonimidamide as a nitrene precursor. Exptl. protocols for the preparation of the reagents and the catalytic nitrene are provided. The C-H amination can provide the corresponding amino derivatives on a gram scale. Various methods for the cleavage of the sulfonimidoyl group to give the corresponding tert-butoxycarbonyl- or acetyl-protected optically pure amines are also described.

Synthesis published new progress about 7080-50-4. 7080-50-4 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Halogenation Reagent,Inhibitor, name is Sodium chloro(tosyl)amide trihydrate, and the molecular formula is C7H13ClNNaO5S, Quality Control of 7080-50-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Van de Pas, Bram A. published the artcileEnergy yield of respiration on chloroaromatic compounds in Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Applied and Environmental Microbiology (2001), 67(9), 3958-3963, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The amount of energy that can be conserved via halorespiration by Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans JW/IU-DC1 was determined by comparison of the growth yields of cells grown with 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl acetate (Cl-OHPA) and different electron donors. Cultures that were grown with lactate, pyruvate, formate, or hydrogen as an electron donor and Cl-OHPA as an electron acceptor yielded 3.1, 6.6, 1.6, and 1.6 g (dry weight) per mol of reduction equivalent, resp. Fermentative growth on pyruvate yielded 14 g (dry weight) per mol of pyruvate oxidized. Pyruvate was not fermented stoichiometrically to acetate and lactate, but an excess of acetate was produced. Experiments with ¹³C-labeled bicarbonate showed that during pyruvate fermentation, approx. 9% of the acetate was formed from the reduction of CO₂. Comparison of the growth yields suggests that 1 mol of ATP is produced per mol of acetate produced by substrate-level phosphorylation and that there is no contribution of electron transport phosphorylation when D. dehalogenans grows on lactate plus Cl-OHPA or pyruvate plus Cl-OHPA. Furthermore, the growth yields indicate that approx. 1/3 mol of ATP is conserved per mol of Cl-OHPA reduced in cultures grown in formate plus Cl-OHPA and hydrogen plus Cl-OHPA. Because neither formate nor hydrogen nor Cl-OHPA supports substrate-level phosphorylation, energy must be conserved through the establishment of a protonmotive force. Pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, lactate dehydrogenase, formate dehydrogenase, and hydrogenase were localized by in vitro assays with membrane-impermeable electron acceptors and donors. The orientation of chlorophenol-reductive dehalogenase in the cytoplasmic membrane, however, could not be determined A model is proposed, which may explain the topol. analyses as well as the results obtained in the yield study.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology published new progress about 33697-81-3. 33697-81-3 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6BrFO2, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pola, R. published the artcileThe pH-dependent and enzymatic release of cytarabine from hydrophilic polymer conjugates, HPLC of Formula: 42074-68-0, the publication is Physiological Research (Prague, Czech Republic) (2016), 65(Suppl. 2), S225-S232, database is CAplus.

Cytarabine is one of the most efficient drugs in the treatment of hematol. malignancies. In this work, we describe the synthesis and characterization of two different polymer conjugates of cytarabine that were designed for the controlled release of cytarabine within the leukemia cells. Reactive copolymers of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) and 3-(3-methacrylamidopropa-noyl)thiazolidine-2-thione) or 3-(N-methacryloylglycyl-phenylalanylleucylglycyl)thiazolidine-2-thione were used in the study as reactive polymer precursors for reaction with cytarabine. The enzymic release of cytarabine from the conjugate containing a GFLG spacer utilizing cathepsin B was verified. In addition to enzymolysis, the pH-dependent hydrolysis of cytarabine from both copolymers was also confirmed. Approx. 40 % and 20 % of the drug was released by spontaneous hydrolysis at pH 7.4 within 72 h from the polymer conjugates with the GFLG and beta-Ala spacers, resp. At pH 6.0, the spontaneous hydrolysis slowed down, and less than 10 % of the drug was liberated within 72 h. The results of the cytotoxicity evaluation of the polymer conjugates in vitro against various cell lines showed that the cytotoxicity of the polymer conjugates is approx. three times lower in comparison to free cytarabine.

Physiological Research (Prague, Czech Republic) published new progress about 42074-68-0. 42074-68-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 2-Chlorotrityl chloride, and the molecular formula is C19H14Cl2, HPLC of Formula: 42074-68-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Oh, Sangmi published the artcileConstruction of a Polyheterocyclic Benzopyran Library with Diverse Core Skeletons through Diversity-Oriented Synthesis Pathway, Formula: C7H8BClO2, the publication is Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry (2010), 12(4), 548-558, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In this study, a divergent and practical solid-phase parallel diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) strategy was successfully applied for the construction of five discrete core skeletons embedded with privileged benzopyranyl (chroman/2H-chromene) substructure. The diversity of these core skeletons was expanded through the introduction of various substituents at the benzopyran aromatic and 2 positions and at the N atoms of appended heterocycles from a single key intermediate in five different pathways. More importantly, we efficiently maximized the mol. diversity through the transformation of the core skeleton itself by using the library-to-library concept and created a distinctively different collection of small mols. with the same building blocks. A 434-member polyheterocyclic benzopyran library was constructed on a scale of about 10 mg with the potential for further diversification. Without further purification, the average purity of the library is 85%.

Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry published new progress about 209919-30-2. 209919-30-2 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Boronic acid and ester,Benzene,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is 4-Chloro-2-methylphenylboronic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H8BClO2, Formula: C7H8BClO2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Woodin, Katrina S. published the artcileTotal synthesis of pumiliotoxins 209F and 251D via late-stage, nickel-catalyzed epoxide-alkyne reductive cyclization, Formula: C3H9ClOS, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2007), 72(19), 7451-7454, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Pumiliotoxins 209F (I) and 251D were synthesized using highly selective nickel-catalyzed epoxide-alkyne reductive cyclizations as the final step. The exocyclic (Z)-alkene found in the majority of the pumiliotoxins was formed stereospecifically and regioselectively, without the use of a directing group on the alkyne, and the epoxide underwent ring opening exclusively at the less hindered carbon to provide the requisite tertiary alc. The epoxides were prepared using diastereoselective addition of a sulfoxonium anion to a proline-derived Me ketone.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 5034-06-0. 5034-06-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Salt,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is trimethyloxosulphonium chloride, and the molecular formula is C65H82N2O18S2, Formula: C3H9ClOS.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics