Tag: 200-300

Assessment of the effectiveness of onsite exsitu remediation by enhanced natural attenuation in the Niger Delta region, Nigeria was written by Okparanma, Reuben N.;Azuazu, Ikeabiama;Ayotamuno, Josiah M.. And the article was included in Journal of Environmental Management in 2017.SDS of cas: 3386-33-2 This article mentions the following:

This study was conducted to quantify and rank the effectiveness of onsite exsitu remediation by enhanced natural attenuation using soil quality index. The investigation was conducted at three oil spill sites in the Niger Delta (5.317°N, 6.467°E), Nigeria with a predominance of Oxisols. Baseline assessment and a two-step post-remediation monitoring of the sites were conducted. Target contaminants including total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) were analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. Results of the baseline assessment showed that TPH concentrations across the study sites averaged between 5113 and 7640 mg/kg at 0- to 1-m depth, which was higher than the local regulatory value of 5000 mg/kg. The soil quality index across the sites ranged between 68 and 45, suggesting medium to high potential ecol. health risks with medium to high priority for remediation. BTEX concentrations followed a similar trend. However, after remediation TPH degraded rapidly initially and then slowly but asymptotically during the post-remediation monitoring period. Then, soil quality index across the study sites ranged between 100 and 58, indicating very low to medium potential ecol. health risks. This demonstrates the effectiveness of onsite exsitu remediation by enhanced natural attenuation as a remediation strategy for petroleum-contaminated soils, which holds great promise for the Niger Delta province. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2SDS of cas: 3386-33-2).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.SDS of cas: 3386-33-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

1-(2-Hydroxybenzoyl)-thiosemicarbazides are promising antimicrobial agents targeting D-alanine-D-alanine ligase in bacterio was written by Ameryckx, Alice;Thabault, Leopold;Pochet, Lionel;Leimanis, Serge;Poupaert, Jacques H.;Wouters, Johan;Joris, Bernard;Van Bambeke, Francoise;Frederick, Raphael. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Application of 6590-96-1 This article mentions the following:

A series of 1-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)thiosemicarbazides I [R¹ = H, 2-OH, 4-F, etc.; R² = Ph, 1-naphthyl, 3-pyridinyl, etc.] inhibitors of D-Ala-D-Ala ligase (Ddl) were designed and synthesized in order to target resistant strains of bacteria. Among these, compound I [R¹ = 2-OH, R² = 3,4-di-ClC₆H₃] was identified as a potent Ddl inhibitor with activity in the micromolar range. This compound, possessing strong antimicrobial activity including against multidrug resistant strains, was proven to act through a bactericidal mechanism and demonstrated very low cytotoxicity on THP-1 human monocytic cell line. Inhibition of Ddl activity by compound I compound I [R¹ = 2-OH, R² = 3,4-di-ClC₆H₃] was confirmed in-bacterio using UPLC-MS/MS by demonstrating an increase in D-Ala intracellular pools accompanied by a commensurate decrease in D-Ala-D-Ala. Further structure-activity relationships (SARs) studies provided evidence that the hydroxyl substituent in the 2-position (R1) of the benzoylthiosemicarbazide scaffold was essential for the enzymic inhibition. This work thus highlightened the 1-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)-thiosemicarbazide motif as a very promising tool for the development of novel antibacterial compounds acting through an interesting mechanism of action and low cytotoxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1Application of 6590-96-1).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Application of 6590-96-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A facile approach to the synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted-2-aminothiazolium derivatives through the use of a “volatilizable” support was written by Li, Yangmei;Giulianotti, Marc;Houghten, Richard A.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2010.Reference of 6590-96-1 This article mentions the following:

A facile solid-phase synthetic approach to the synthesis of amino acid-derived 3,4-disubstituted 2-aminothiazolium derivatives starting from Boc- and Fmoc-protected amino acids was reported. Functionalized aminomethylphenyl silica gel was used as a volatilizable support. The products were cleaved with 10% HF and were obtained in high yields and purities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1Reference of 6590-96-1).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Reference of 6590-96-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Unveiling the Growth of Polyamide Nanofilms at Water/Organic Free Interfaces: Toward Enhanced Water/Salt Selectivity was written by Zhou, Shenghua;Long, Li;Yang, Zhe;So, Sik Lui;Gan, Bowen;Guo, Hao;Feng, Shien-Ping;Tang, Chuyang Y.. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2022.Recommanded Product: 4422-95-1 This article mentions the following:

The permeance and selectivity of a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane are governed by its ultrathin polyamide film, yet the growth of this critical film during interfacial polymerization (IP) has not been fully understood. This study investigates the evolution of a polyamide nanofilm at the aqueous/organic interface over time. Despite its thickness remaining largely constant (~15 nm) for the IP reaction time ranging from 0.5 to 60 min, the d. of the polyamide nanofilm increased from 1.25 to 1.36 g cm^-3 due to the continued reaction between diffused m-phenylenediamine and dangling acyl chloride groups within the formed polyamide film. This continued growth of the polyamide nanofilm led to a simultaneous increase in its crosslinking degree (from 50.1 to 94.3%) and the healing of nanosized defects, resulting in a greatly enhanced rejection of 99.2% for NaCl without sacrificing water permeance. Using humic acid as a mol. probe for sealing membrane defects, the relative contributions of the increased crosslinking and reduced defects toward better membrane selectivity were resolved, which supports our conceptual model involving both enhanced size exclusion and healed defects. The fundamental insights into the growth mechanisms and the structure-property relationship of the polyamide nanofilm provide crucial guidance for the further development and optimization of high-performance RO membranes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Recommanded Product: 4422-95-1).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Recommanded Product: 4422-95-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of diethylene glycol by N-chlorosaccharin in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide catalyzed system was written by Sharma, Vandana;Sharma, K. V.;Bhagwat, V. W.. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry: An Indian Journal in 2007.Quality Control of 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide This article mentions the following:

The kinetics and mechanism of Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide catalyzed oxidation of diethylene glycol [2,2′-oxydiethanol] by N-chlorosaccharin in aqueous acetic acid medium in presence of perchloric acid have been investigated at 318-338 K temperature range. The reaction has first order dependence on N-chlorosaccharin concentration The reaction rate follows fractional order kinetics with respect to [diethylene glycol] with excess concentration of other reactants. The micelle effect due to Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide- a cationic surfactant has been studied. The change in ionic strength shows negligible salt effect. The dielec. effect is found to be pos. Addition of one of the product saccharin retards the reaction rate. Activation parameters are calculated from the Arrhenious plot. A possible mechanism consistent with the exptl. results has been proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0Quality Control of 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide).

2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Quality Control of 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemometrical analysis of substituent effects. XIII. Comparison of substituent effects on dissociation and chemical shift in ¹³C NMR spectra of mono- and disubstituted benzoic acids was written by Kulhanek, Jiri;Pytela, Oldrich;Lycka, Antonin. And the article was included in Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications in 2000.SDS of cas: 5344-49-0 This article mentions the following:

The ¹³C chem. shifts have been measured of the carboxyl carbon atoms for all the 2-, 3-, and 4-substituted benzoic acids with H, CH₃, CH₃O, F, Cl, Br, I, and NO₂ substituents, as well as for all 3,4-, 3,5-, and 2,6-disubstituted benzoic acids with combinations of CH₃, CH₃O, Cl (or Br), NO₂ substituents and for sym. 2,6-disubstituted derivatives with Et, EtO, PrO, i-PrO, and BuO substituents. The chem. shifts of carboxylic group carbon atoms of the 3- and 4-substituted derivatives show correlation only with the substituent constants σ₁. For the 2-substituted derivatives was found the dependence only on σ₁ and on the υ constant describing steric effects (s = 0.122, R = 0.996, without the CH₃ derivative which has a distinct anisotropic effect). The substituent effects on the carboxylic carbon chem. shift show additivity with 3,4-, 3,5-, and 2,6-substituents, and the 2,6-disubstituted derivatives show a linear synergic effect of substituents due obviously to the steric hindrance to resonance. Application of the principal component anal. to the data matrix involving all the combinations of mono- and disubstitution involving the above-mentioned substituents has proved an identical substituent effect from all the positions on the chem. shift described by one latent variable, steric effects and anisotropic behavior of Me at the 2 and 2,6 positions being predominantly described by the second latent variable (with the total explained variability of 99.5%). Comparison of substituent effects on the chem. shift of carboxylic carbon with that on the dissociation constant measured in the same solvent has confirmed the anisotropy due to ortho Me group, the ortho halogen substituents in monosubstituted derivatives also having a different effect. The dependence of chem. shift on pK_a was not very close for the derivatives studied (s = 1.005, R = 0.690). The inclusion of anisotropy of ortho alkyl group by means of an indicator variable improved the correlation (s = 0.533, R = 0.925), and omitting of 2-F, 2-Cl, 2-Br, and 2-I substituents gave a regression without deviating points (s = 0.352, R = 0.968). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-6-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 5344-49-0SDS of cas: 5344-49-0).

2-Chloro-6-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 5344-49-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.SDS of cas: 5344-49-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sustainable and highly controlled aryl couplings revealed by systematic assessment of photoactivatable linkers was written by Haensch, Veit G.;Neuwirth, Toni;Bergner, Alexander;Bruhnke, Jakob;Kloss, Florian;Hertweck, Christian. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2022.COA of Formula: C19H15Cl This article mentions the following:

A metal-free, photochem. alternative (“photosplicing”) for the selective preparation of a wide range of pharmaceutically important biphenyls was reported. Whereas the traceless sulfonamide linker enabled and controls the aryl coupling, unwanted toxic byproducts were released. Therefore, it designed over 25 different temporary linkers and tested them for their suitability for the photosplicing reaction in a flow reactor. A surprisingly high number of functional groups enabled light-induced aryl fusion and identified a number of linkers for environmentally friendly procedures. A thiol-ene (click) – photosplicing sequence enabled a convenient route to biaryls such as liquid crystals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5COA of Formula: C19H15Cl).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.COA of Formula: C19H15Cl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kinetic and mechanistic investigation of N-chlorosaccharin oxidation of 2-alkanones was written by Khan, Shahnaz;Khan, M. U.;Singh, Sanjay Kumar;Gupta, H. D.;Singh, P. K.. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Chemistry in 2003.Recommanded Product: 14070-51-0 This article mentions the following:

N-Chlorosaccharin (NCSA) oxidation of 2-alkanones is studied in aqueous acetic acid and perchloric acid medium. The reactions exhibit first order dependence in oxidant [NCSA]. The order of the reactions with respect to substrate and perchloric acid varies from one to zero. The reaction velocity retards by the addition of saccharin and rising percentage of binary mixture of acetic acid and water whereas primary salt shows slightly increasing trends in kinetic rate. The stoichiometric studies revealed 1:2 mol ratio with complex mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0Recommanded Product: 14070-51-0).

2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Recommanded Product: 14070-51-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Monomethylthio analogs of 1-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane was written by Jacob, Peyton III;Anderson, George III;Meshul, Charles K.;Shulgin, Alexander T.;Castagnoli, Neal Jr.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1977.Product Details of 63624-28-2 This article mentions the following:

Title analogs 1-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-methylthiophenyl)- (I) [69587-04-8], 1-(2,4-dimethoxy-5-methylthiophenyl)- (II) [69587-03-7], and 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylthiophenyl)-2-aminopropane-HCl (III) [61638-08-2] were prepared from the appropriate dimethoxybenzenes by chlorosulfonation or sulfation followed by reduction to the thiophenol derivative, S-methylation, Vilsmeier formylation, condensation with nitroethane [79-24-3], and reduction Only III had significant activity in the rabbit hyperthermia assay. Time-concentration studies of the analogs as well as differences in enantiomeric ratios in rat brains following i.p. administration of each analog racemate were carried out. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 63624-28-2Product Details of 63624-28-2).

2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 63624-28-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Product Details of 63624-28-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

From High-Throughput Screening to Target Validation: Benzo[d]isothiazoles as Potent and Selective Agonists of Human Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily M Member 5 Possessing In Vivo Gastrointestinal Prokinetic Activity in Rodents was written by Barilli, Alessio;Aldegheri, Laura;Bianchi, Federica;Brault, Laurent;Brodbeck, Daniela;Castelletti, Laura;Feriani, Aldo;Lingard, Iain;Myers, Richard;Nola, Selena;Piccoli, Laura;Pompilio, Daniela;Raveglia, Luca F.;Salvagno, Cristian;Tassini, Sabrina;Virginio, Caterina;Sabat, Mark. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Application of 76-83-5 This article mentions the following:

Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 5 (TRPM5) is a nonselective monovalent cation channel activated by intracellular Ca²⁺ increase. Within the gastrointestinal system, TRPM5 is expressed in the stoma, small intestine, and colon. In the search for a selective agonist of TRPM5 possessing in vivo gastrointestinal prokinetic activity, a high-throughput screening was performed and compound 1 was identified as a promising hit. Hit validation and hit to lead activities led to the discovery of a series of benzo[d]isothiazole derivatives Among these, compounds 61 and 64 showed nanomolar activity and excellent selectivity (>100-fold) vs. related cation channels. The in vivo drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic profile of compound 64 was found to be ideal for a compound acting locally at the intestinal level, with minimal absorption into systemic circulation. Compound 64 was tested in vivo in a mouse motility assay at 100 mg/kg, and demonstrated increased prokinetic activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Application of 76-83-5).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Application of 76-83-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics