Tag: 200-300

Design of metal-mediated protein assemblies via hydroxamic acid functionalities was written by Subramanian, Rohit H.;Zhu, Jie;Bailey, Jake B.;Chiong, Jerika A.;Li, Yiying;Golub, Eyal;Tezcan, F. Akif. And the article was included in Nature Protocols in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene This article mentions the following:

The self-assembly of proteins into sophisticated multicomponent assemblies is a hallmark of all living systems and has spawned extensive efforts in the construction of novel synthetic protein architectures with emergent functional properties. Protein assemblies in nature are formed via selective association of multiple protein surfaces through intricate noncovalent protein-protein interactions, a challenging task to accurately replicate in the de novo design of multiprotein systems. In this protocol, we describe the application of metal-coordinating hydroxamate (HA) motifs to direct the metal-mediated assembly of polyhedral protein architectures and 3D crystalline protein-metal-organic frameworks (protein-MOFs). This strategy has been implemented using an asym. cytochrome cb562 monomer through selective, concurrent association of Fe³⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions to form polyhedral cages. Furthermore, the use of ditopic HA linkers as bridging ligands with metal-binding protein nodes has allowed the construction of crystalline 3D protein-MOF lattices. The protocol is divided into two major sections: (1) the development of a Cys-reactive HA mol. for protein derivatization and self-assembly of protein-HA conjugates into polyhedral cages and (2) the synthesis of ditopic HA bridging ligands for the construction of ferritin-based protein-MOFs using sym. metal-binding protein nodes. Protein cages are analyzed using anal. ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. HA-mediated protein-MOFs are formed in sitting-drop vapor diffusion crystallization trays and are probed via single-crystal X-ray diffraction and multi-crystal small-angle X-ray scattering measurements. Ligand synthesis, construction of HA-mediated assemblies, and post-assembly anal. as described in this protocol can be performed by a graduate-level researcher within 6 wk. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Application In Synthesis of (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Application In Synthesis of (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper-Oxone Promoted Oxidative C-H Functionalization: Synthesis of 2-Aminobenzothiazoles and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activities was written by Dogan, Senguel Dilem;Guenduez, Miyase Gozde;Ugur, Suemeyye Buran;Dogan, Hilal;Ozkul, Ceren;Cetinkaya, Yasin. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2021.Reference of 6590-96-1 This article mentions the following:

Therefore, a convenient, rapid and efficient methodol. for the ring closure reaction of thioureas to form 2-aminobenzothiazole derivatives This study optimized the reaction conditions by trying various catalysts and oxidants. Copper iodide/oxone catalysis provided the best conditions for the preparation of benzothiazoles. The regioselectivity observed in the ring closure reaction of the naphthyl thiourea derivative was investigated and the obtained exptl. results were supported by theor. calculations In-vitro antimicrobial effects of the compounds were tested against various bacterial and fungal strains. Finally, mol. docking studies were carried out to rationalize the achieved biol. results and suggest mol. modifications to design new benzothiazole derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1Reference of 6590-96-1).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Reference of 6590-96-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Selective Degradation of GSPT1 by Cereblon Modulators Identified via a Focused Combinatorial Library was written by Powell, Chelsea E.;Du, Guangyan;Che, Jianwei;He, Zhixiang;Donovan, Katherine A.;Yue, Hong;Wang, Eric S.;Nowak, Radoslaw P.;Zhang, Tinghu;Fischer, Eric S.;Gray, Nathanael S.. And the article was included in ACS Chemical Biology in 2020.Computed Properties of C8H8Cl2N4 This article mentions the following:

Cereblon (CRBN) is an E3 ligase adapter protein that can be reprogrammed by imide-class compounds such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide to induce the degradation of neo-substrate proteins. In order to identify addnl. small mol. CRBN modulators, we implemented a focused combinatorial library approach where we fused an imide-based CRBN-binding pharmacophore to a heterocyclic scaffold, which could be further elaborated. We screened the library for CRBN-dependent antiproliferative activity in the multiple myeloma cell line MM1.S and identified five hit compounds Quant. chem. proteomics of hit compounds revealed that they induced selective degradation of GSPT1, a translation termination factor that is currently being explored as a therapeutic target for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Mol. docking studies with CRBN and GSPT1 followed by analog synthesis identified a possible hydrogen bond interaction with the central pyrimidine ring as a mol. determinant of hit compounds’ selectivity. This study demonstrates that a focused combinatorial library design, phenotypic screening, and chem. proteomics can provide a suitable workflow to efficiently identify novel CRBN modulators. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine (cas: 203436-45-7Computed Properties of C8H8Cl2N4).

2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine (cas: 203436-45-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Computed Properties of C8H8Cl2N4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Anti-glycemic potential of benzophenone thio/semicarbazone derivatives: synthesis, enzyme inhibition and ligand docking studies was written by Arshia;Fayyaz, Sharmeen;Shaikh, Muniza;Khan, Khalid Mohammed;Choudhary, M. Iqbal. And the article was included in Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics in 2022.Computed Properties of C7H3Cl2NS This article mentions the following:

Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) has been identified as a promising approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, development of DPP-IV inhibitors with new chem. scaffold is of utmost importance to medicinal chem. In the present study, we identified benzophenone thio- and semicarbazone scaffolds as novel DPP-IV inhibitors. For that purpose, benzophenone thio- and semicarbazone were synthesized through a 2-step reaction. These newly synthetic derivatives were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques, including HREI-MS and NMR. whereas stereochem. of the iminic bond was predicted by NOESY experiments Thio- and semicarbazones derivatives were evaluated for their DPP-IV inhibitory potential and found to exhibit a good to moderate enzyme inhibitory activity. Most active and non-cytotoxic derivatives were further evaluated for their DPP-IV inhibitory potential in in cellulo model. The binding sites as well as affinity of active compounds for DPP- IV enzyme were predicted by in silico studies, and compared to a standard drug, sitagliptin. Pharmacophore studies of thio- and semicarbazones derivatives 1-29 suggest that substitution of aryl group, particularly a lipophilic substituents at C-4″ of benzene ring, and a hydroxyl at C-4â€?strongly influenced the DPP-IV inhibitory activity. Compound 9 showed the highest inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 15.0 ± 0.6 μM), whereas compounds 10, 17, 12, 14 and 23 showed a moderate activity with IC₅₀ values in the range of 28.9-39.2 μM. This study identifies thio- and semicarbazones as new classes of DPP-IV inhibitors which may translate into safe and effective therapeutics for a better management of type 2 diabetes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1Computed Properties of C7H3Cl2NS).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Computed Properties of C7H3Cl2NS

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Constructing semi-oriented single-walled carbon nanotubes artificial water channels for realized efficient desalination of nanocomposite RO membranes was written by Song, Xipeng;Li, Shuangshuang;Zhang, Wensheng;Liu, Hongpeng;Jiang, Jingyu;Zhang, Chunhua. And the article was included in Journal of Membrane Science in 2022.Recommanded Product: 4422-95-1 This article mentions the following:

The application of aquaporin-like structural materials in separation membranes has been developed for several years. Regretfully, the prepared nanocomposite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes exhibited an unsatisfactory separation performance. To obtain highly desirable applied indexes, here we report the use of chopped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with carboxylated ends to construct high-efficiency partially aligned artificial water channels via the “traction” action of external force. The factors affecting the separation performance of artificial water channels were emphatically explored by scientific experiments, demonstrating that only the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are semi-oriented along the transmembrane direction can truly give play to the transport mechanism of the artificial water channel, thereby achieving high water permeance. Notably, the modification of the polydopamine (PDA) coating can provide phys. adhesion to make more SWNTs firmly adhere to the substrate surface, which improved the sieving ability of the SWNTs with a certain size range inner diameter and fortifying the structural stability between the substrate and the polyamide (PA) functional layer. The final PDA-PA-S RO membrane presented extraordinary separation performance with high water permeance of 3.88 L m^-2 h^-1 bar^-1 and salt rejection of 99.2%, which far surpasses that of the existing CNT-based and aquaporin-based RO membranes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Recommanded Product: 4422-95-1).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Recommanded Product: 4422-95-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Microbiota Metabolism Promotes Synthesis of the Human Ah Receptor Agonist 2,8-Dihydroxyquinoline was written by Hubbard, Troy D.;Liu, Qing;Murray, Iain A.;Dong, Fangcong;Miller, Charles;Smith, Philip B.;Gowda, Krishne;Lin, Jyh Ming;Amin, Shantu;Patterson, Andrew D.;Perdew, Gary H.. And the article was included in Journal of Proteome Research in 2019.Safety of 2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine This article mentions the following:

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a major regulator of immune function within the gastrointestinal tract. Resident microbiota are capable of influencing AHR-dependent signaling pathways via production of an array of bioactive mols. that act as AHR agonists, such as indole or indole-3-aldehyde. Bacteria produce a number of quinoline derivatives, of which some function as quorum-sensing mols. Thus, we screened relevant hydroxyquinoline derivatives for AHR activity using AHR responsive reporter cell lines. 2,8-Dihydroxyquinoline (2,8-DHQ) was identified as a species-specific AHR agonist that exhibits full AHR agonist activity in human cell lines, but only induces modest AHR activity in mouse cells. Addnl. dihydroxylated quinolines tested failed to activate the human AHR. Nanomolar concentrations of 2,8-DHQ significantly induced CYP1A1 expression and, upon cotreatment with cytokines, synergistically induced IL6 expression. Ligand binding competition studies subsequently confirmed 2,8-DHQ to be a human AHR ligand. Several dihydroxyquinolines were detected in human fecal samples, with concentrations of 2,8-DHQ ranging between 0 and 3.4 pmol/mg feces. Addnl., in mice the microbiota was necessary for the presence of DHQ in cecal contents. These results suggest that microbiota-derived 2,8-DHQ would contribute to AHR activation in the human gut, and thus participate in the protective and homeostatic effects observed with gastrointestinal AHR activation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine (cas: 203436-45-7Safety of 2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine).

2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine (cas: 203436-45-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Safety of 2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Impregnated silica nanoparticles for the reactive removal of sulfur mustard from solutions was written by Singh, Beer;Saxena, Amit;Nigam, Anil Kumar;Ganesan, Kumaran;Pandey, Pratibha. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2009.Recommanded Product: 14070-51-0 This article mentions the following:

High surface area (887.3 m²/g) silica nanoparticles were synthesized using aerogel route and thereafter, characterized by N-Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), SEM and TEM techniques. The data indicated the formation of nanoparticles of silica in the size range of 24-75 nm with mesoporous characteristics. Later, these were impregnated with reactive chems. such as N-chloro compounds, oxaziridines, polyoxometalates, etc., which have already been proven to be effective against sulfur mustard (HD). Thus, developed novel mesoporous reactive sorbents were tested for their self-decontaminating feature by conducting studies on kinetics of adsorptive removal of HD from solutions Trichloroisocyanuric acid impregnated silica nanoparticles (10%, weight/weight)-based system was the best with least half-life value (t_1/2 =2.8 min) among prepared systems to remove and detoxify HD into nontoxic degradation products. Hydrolysis, dehydrohalogenation and oxidation reactions were the route of degradation of HD over prepared sorbents. The study also inferred that 10% loading of impregnants over high surface area and low d. silica nanoparticles enhances the rate of reaction kinetics and seems to be useful in the field of heterogeneous reaction kinetics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0Recommanded Product: 14070-51-0).

2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Recommanded Product: 14070-51-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rapid construction of cyclodextrin polyester layer on polyamide for preparing highly permeable reverse osmosis membrane was written by Wu, Haowen;Liu, Yingying;Zhang, Haifeng;Wang, Jixiao;Wang, Zhi. And the article was included in Journal of Membrane Science in 2022.Synthetic Route of C9H3Cl3O3 This article mentions the following:

Hydrophilic modification of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane is a common method to enhance membrane permeance. However, it is usually hard to improve the membrane permeance obviously by introducing hydrophilic substances onto membrane surface as a result of the formation of a new mass transfer resistance layer. Besides, most hydrophilic modification methods are time-consuming, which is not conducive to industrial application. In this work, hydrophilic hydroxyl-rich macrocycles (cyclodextrin, CD) with a hydrophobic lumen and large intrinsic cavity were introduced on polyamide (PA) layer by second interfacial polymerization (IP) between acyl chloride and hydroxyl in only 5 s with the assistance of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), forming a highly hydrophilic and loose polyester layer on the top of PA, which is beneficial to water adsorption and transport. The permeances of CD-modified RO membranes are nearly three times as large as the unmodified membrane while maintaining the high rejection (R_NaCl = 98.75-98.88%). This work provides a straightforward, industry-friendly, effective, and rapid strategy for preparing highly water permeable RO membranes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Synthetic Route of C9H3Cl3O3).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Synthetic Route of C9H3Cl3O3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

K₂CO₃-Catalyzed Rapid Conversion of N-Sulfonylhydrazones to Sulfinates was written by Korawat, Harshita Singh;Basak, Ashok K.. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 777-44-6 This article mentions the following:

N-Sulfonylhydrazones derived from alkyl, aryl, and heteroaryl aldehydes and ketones undergo rapid conversion into the corresponding sulfinates when heated with 10 mol % K₂CO₃ in N,N’-dimethylethylene urea (DMEU) at elevated temperature The reaction conditions are amenable to several functional groups and suitable for gram-scale synthesis. Under these base-catalyzed conditions, N-tosylhydrazones derived from O-allylated and O-propargylated 2-hydroxyarylaldehydes do not undergo the well-established intramol. [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reactions and generate corresponding sulfinates in good yields. The base-catalyzed transformation proceeds via crucial rapid intermol. protonation of the diazo intermediate to generate diazonium ion, which upon nucleophilic displacement by the sulfonyl ion provides the desired sulfinate selectively. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6HPLC of Formula: 777-44-6).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).HPLC of Formula: 777-44-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, spectral characterization, docking studies and biological activity of urea, thiourea, sulfonamide and carbamate derivatives of imatinib intermediate was written by Chandrasekhar, Mandala;Prasad, Gandavaram Syam;Venkataramaiah, Chintha;Naga Raju, Chamarthi;Seshaiah, Kalluru;Rajendra, Wudayagiri. And the article was included in Molecular Diversity in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 777-44-6 This article mentions the following:

A series of new urea/thiourea derivatives I [R = 4-Cl, 3-Cl, 4-Br, 4-NO₂, 2,4-di-F; X = O; R = H, 4-F, 3-Cl, 3-Br, 3-CF₃; X = S] was synthesized by simple addition reaction of functionalized Ph isocyanates/isothiocyanates with N-(5-amino-2-methylphenyl)-4-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrimidinamine (imatinib intermediate) in the presence of 1,4-di-Me piperazine (DMPZ) as a base and another series of new sulfonamide derivatives II [R¹ = 4-FC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄, 3-F₃CC₆H₄, etc.] and carbamate derivatives III [R² = CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CCl₃, 4-ClC₆H₄, etc.] were synthesized by reacting imatinib intermediate with various substituted aromatic sulfonyl chlorides and aromatic/aliphatic chloroformates in the presence of DMPZ as a base. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and in silico mol. docking studies were made against aromatase. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6HPLC of Formula: 777-44-6).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.HPLC of Formula: 777-44-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics