Tag: 200-300

Symmetrical biaryls from diazotized amines. Scope of the reaction. Unsymmetrical biaryls was written by Atkinson, Edward R.;Morgan, C. R.;Warren, H. H.;Manning, T. J.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1945.Recommanded Product: 5344-49-0 This article mentions the following:

The reducing agent was prepared by-reducing Cu₂SO₄ in NH₄OH with NH₂OH; the exptl. conditions were those reported in C.A. 35, 2879.8. The yields of R₂ and (:NR)₂ are given (%), as well as other products isolated. PhNH₂, small, 45, ROH; o-MeC₆H₄NH₂, 0, 45, ROH, RCl; m-MeC₆H₄NH₂, 0, 27, ROH; p-MeC₆H₄NH₂, 0, 50, ROH, RCl; o-O₂NC₆H₄NH₂, 45, 3, RCl (14%); m-O₂NC₆H₄NH₂, 45, 3, RCl (13%); p-O₂NC₆H₄Me (at 30-5掳), 12, small, RCl (14%); 2,6-Me(O₂N)C₆H₃NH₂, 24, 16; 2,4-isomer, 31, -; 2,4-O₂N(MeO)C₆H₃NH₂, 64, small; p-HOC₆H₄NH₂, 0, 45; p-AcNHC₆H₄NH₂, 0, 28; o-H₂NC₆H₄CO₂H, 85-90, 0, RNHR; 4,2-Cl(H₂N)C₆H₃CO₂H, 75, 0, RX, R₂O, ROH; 5-Cl isomer, 50, 0, RX, ROH; 6-Cl isomer, 80, 0; 3,5,2-Cl₂(H₂N)C₆H₂CO₂H, 50, 0, RCl, RNH₂; 3,5,2-Br₂(H₂N)C₆H₂CO₂H, 40, 0, RCl, RNH₂; 2,4-H₂N(O₂N)C₆H₃CO₂H, 61, -; 6-NO₂ isomer, 40, -, RCl; m-H₂NC₆H₄CO₂H, 0, 31, RCl; p-isomer, 0, 35; o-H₂NC₆H₄SO₃H gives 20% of (2-C₆H₄SO₃H)₂; aminonaphthalenecarboxylic acid gives high yields of R₂. A mixture of the diazo solutions from 10 g. of 3,5,2-Cl₂(H₂N)C₆H₂CO₂H and 10 g. of o-H₂NC₆H₄CO₂H gives 2 g. of 4,4′,6,6′-tetrachlorodiphenic acid and 0.5 g. of 4,6-dichlorodiphenic acid (II), m. 216-17掳. II (0.3 g.) and 2 g. concentrated H₂SO₄, heated 10 min. at 150掳 and for 2 days at 80掳, give 2,4-dichlorofluorenone-5-carboxylic acid (III), yellow, m. 240-2掳. The formation of III is a convenient method for estimating II in a mixture of diphenic acid and its tetra-Cl derivative A mixture of the diazo solutions from o-O₂NC₆H₄NH₂ and o-H₂NC₆H₄CO₂H gives the same reduction products as are obtained from their reduction sep. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-6-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 5344-49-0Recommanded Product: 5344-49-0).

2-Chloro-6-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 5344-49-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Recommanded Product: 5344-49-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel sulfonamide derivatives of tricyclic thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones on melanin synthesis in murine B16 cells was written by Nie, Li Fei;Bozorov, Khurshed;Niu, Chao;Huang, Guozheng;Aisa, Haji Akber. And the article was included in Research on Chemical Intermediates in 2017.COA of Formula: C7H4ClF3O2S This article mentions the following:

A series of novel sulfonamide derivatives containing tricyclic thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinones I (R = Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, 2-F₃CC₆H₄, 3,5-Cl₂C₆H₃, etc.) was synthesized and evaluated for melanin synthesis in murine B16 cells. All new compounds were characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR and HRMS. Among them, 6 compounds demonstrated excellent activity than pos. control (8-methoxylpsoralen, 8-MOP) with more than 1.5-fold potency. Compound I (R = 3,5-Cl₂C₆H₃) was the most potent one (658.3 卤 8.7%), exhibiting 5.0-fold stronger activity than 8-MOP (130.9 卤 8.6%). The compound I (R = 3,5-F₂C₆H₃) increased melanin synthesis in murine B16 cells with a 4.35-fold potency as compared to 8-MOP. These compounds may serve as lead compounds for further drug discoveries for the treatment of vitiligo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6COA of Formula: C7H4ClF3O2S).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.COA of Formula: C7H4ClF3O2S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Evaluation of indole-picolinamide hybrid molecules as carbonic anhydrase-II inhibitors: Biological and computational studies was written by Zaib, Sumera;Khan, Imtiaz;Anbar, Hanan S.;Zaraei, Seyed-Omar;Sbenati, Rawan M.;Maryam, Hafiza Taha;Shah, Hamid Saeed;El-Gamal, Mohammed I.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The present study reported the successful synthesis and evaluation of a series of indole-picolinamide hybrids I, II [Ar = Ph, 3-CF₃C₆H₄, 3,4-di-ClC₆H₃], III, IV and V as potent inhibitors of bovine carbonic anhydrase II, a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of neurol. disorders, osteoporosis, glaucoma, cancer and obesity. Various multistep synthetic approaches were utilized to access the desired structures having exclusive sites for chem. modifications and diverse spots for biol. interactions between the ligand and enzyme. Compound I was observed as a potent inhibitor of the bovine CA-II with an IC₅₀ value of 0.0440 卤 0.009渭M. The inhibition potency was about 22-fold higher than the standard drug acetazolamide (IC₅₀ = 0.9618 卤 0.180渭M). Several relevant structure-activity relationships were deduced that enlighten the crucial role of substituents as well as the key pharmacophores involved in the inhibition process. Mol. docking tools reinforced the in vitro assay results. The most active compound I was also investigated for anticancer potential using sulforhodamine B assay and results showed two-fold efficacy against HeLa cells when compared to standard drug cisplatin (IC₅₀ = 8.045 卤 3.791渭g/mL and 4.128 卤 1.473渭g/mL, resp.). These findings were also confirmed by flow cytometry and comet tests. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy with DAPI staining revealed apoptosis as a mechanism of cancer cell death. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The effects of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on the production of secondary metabolites in organ culture of Ziziphora persica was written by Zare-Hassani, Elham;Motafakkerazad, Rouhollah;Razeghi, Jafar;Kosari-Nasab, Morteza. And the article was included in Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture in 2019.COA of Formula: C18H37Cl This article mentions the following:

Ziziphora persica (Lamiaceae) has been used as infusions and decoctions in traditional medicine for various purposes such as sedative, carminative, and stomach pain. In the proliferation stage of shoot culture, MS medium was treated with different concentrations of Me jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) (50, 100 and 150渭M) either individually or in combination with various concentrations (25渭M SA + 25渭M MJ, 25渭M SA + 50渭M MJ, 50渭M SA + 25渭M MJ, 50渭M SA + 50渭M MJ). In the present study, we investigated the quant. changes in pigments, growth parameters, and volatile compounds in the shoot culture of nodal segments. Volatile compounds were extracted and subsequently analyzed using GC-mass spectrometry. The highest amounts of chlorophyll a and carotenoids were detected in SA₂₅ + MJ₂₅ treatment, whereas chlorophyll b was highly found in the control treatment. Besides, significant amounts of detected volatile compounds belonged to alkane hydrocarbons, whereas mono and sesquiterpenes were found in low amounts In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2COA of Formula: C18H37Cl).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.COA of Formula: C18H37Cl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cosolvent-Assisted Interfacial Polymerization toward Regulating the Morphology and Performance of Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membranes: Increased m-Phenylenediamine Solubility or Enhanced Interfacial Vaporization? was written by Gan, Qimao;Peng, Lu Elfa;Guo, Hao;Yang, Zhe;Tang, Chuyang Y.. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2022.Product Details of 4422-95-1 This article mentions the following:

Cosolvent-assisted interfacial polymerization (IP) can effectively enhance the separation performance of thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating the formation of their polyamide (PA) rejection films remain controversial. The current study reveals two essential roles of cosolvents in the IP reaction: (1) directly promoting interfacial vaporization with their lower b.ps. and (2) increasing the solubility of m-phenylenediamine (MPD) in the organic phase, thereby indirectly promoting the IP reaction. Using a series of systematically chosen cosolvents (i.e., di-Et ether, acetone, methanol, and toluene) with different b.ps. and MPD solubilities, we show that the surface morphologies of TFC RO membranes were regulated by the combined direct and indirect effects. A cosolvent favoring interfacial vaporization (e.g., lower b.p., greater MPD solubility, and/or higher concentration) tends to create greater apparent thickness of the rejection layer, larger nanovoids within the layer, and more extensive exterior PA layers, leading to significantly improved membrane water permeance. We further demonstrate the potential to achieve better antifouling performance for the cosolvent-assisted TFC membranes. The current study provides mechanistic insights into the critical roles of cosolvents in IP reactions, providing new tools for tailoring membrane morphol. and separation properties toward more efficient desalination and water reuse. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Product Details of 4422-95-1).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Product Details of 4422-95-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis and biological activity of N-(amino)piperazine-containing benzothiazinones against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was written by Wang, Apeng;Xu, Shijie;Chai, Yun;Xia, Guimin;Wang, Bin;Lv, Kai;Ma, Chao;Wang, Dan;Wang, Aoyu;Qin, Xiaoyu;Liu, Mingliang;Lu, Yu. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.SDS of cas: 22227-59-4 This article mentions the following:

A series of novel benzothiazinone derivatives containing a N-(amino)piperazine moiety I (R₁ = H, Me, iso-Bu, etc.; R₂ = cyclohexyl, 4-(methoxyimino)cyclohexyl, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, etc.), II (R = cyclohexylmethyl, 4-trifluoromethoxybenzyl, cyclohexanecarbonyl, pyridin-4-ylmethyl) based on the structure of WAP-1902 discovered, were designed and synthesized as new anti-TB agents. Many of the compounds exhibited excellent in vitro activity against both drug-sensitive MTB strain H37Rv and multidrug-resistant clin. isolates (MIC: < 0.016渭g/mL), and good safety index (CC₅₀: >64渭g/mL). Especially compound I (R₁ = Me; R₂ = 4-(methoxyimino)cyclohexyl) displayed low hERG cardiac toxicity and acceptable oral pharmacokinetic profiles, indicating its promising potential to be a lead compound for future antitubercular drug discovery. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-3-nitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 22227-59-4SDS of cas: 22227-59-4).

2-Chloro-3-nitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 22227-59-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.SDS of cas: 22227-59-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel azaspiro analogs of linezolid as antibacterial and antitubercular agents was written by Gadekar, Pradip K.;Roychowdhury, Abhijit;Kharkar, Prashant S.;Khedkar, Vijay M.;Arkile, Manisha;Manek, Hardik;Sarkar, Dhiman;Sharma, Rajiv;Vijayakumar, V.;Sarveswari, S.. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2016.Application In Synthesis of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride This article mentions the following:

The design, synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of a novel series of azaspiro analogs I [R = acetyl, 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl, nicotinoyl, etc.] of linezolid were described. Linezolid comprises of a morpholine ring which was known for its metabolism-related liabilities. Therefore, the key modification made in the linezolid structure was the replacement of morpholine moiety with its bioisostere, 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptane. Furthermore, the replacement of N-acetyl terminal of linezolid with various aromatic or aliphatic functionalities was carried out. The title compounds were evaluated against a panel of Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Subsequent structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies identified several compounds with mixed antibacterial and antitubercular profiles. Compound I [R = isoxazole-5-carbonyl] (IC₅₀ 0.72, 0.51, 0.88, 0.49 渭g/mL for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillussubtilis, resp.) exhibited similar antibacterial profile as linezolid. The N-acetyl derivative I [R = acetyl] was similar to linezolid in antitubercular profile. The use of azaspiro substructure in the medicinal chem. of antibacterial and antitubercular agents was demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Application In Synthesis of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Application In Synthesis of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Amidobenzimidazole Derivatives as Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) Receptor Agonists was written by Xi, Qiumu;Wang, Mingjin;Jia, Wenqiang;Yang, Mingjian;Hu, Jinping;Jin, Jing;Chen, Xiaoguang;Yin, Dali;Wang, Xiaojian. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Product Details of 59237-53-5 This article mentions the following:

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an endoplasmic reticulum-localized adaptor protein (STING receptor) that has been shown to be activated by binding to natural cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) ligands and plays a vital role in innate immune sensing of exogenous or endogenous DNA, which then induces type I interferons and other cytokines. In this paper, we described a series of amidobenzimidazole STING agonists with high potency for the STING receptor and presented the relevant structure-activity relationships (SARs). The relative potencies of compounds I, II, and III were measured by a STING competition binding assay. A more thorough study of the effect on the STING signaling pathway demonstrated that three compounds, I, II, and III, significantly increased the protein levels and mRNA levels of IFN-尾, CXCL10, and IL-6, and II as a representative compound effectively triggered the phosphorylation of STING, TBK1, and IRF3 in both human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) and WT THP-1 cells. In addition, compound II demonstrated impressive antitumor efficacy in mice with established syngeneic colon tumors by i.v. administration. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic profile of compound II was fully evaluated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 6-chloro-5-nitronicotinate (cas: 59237-53-5Product Details of 59237-53-5).

Methyl 6-chloro-5-nitronicotinate (cas: 59237-53-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Product Details of 59237-53-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The synthesis and antistaphylococcal activity of N-sulfonaminoethyloxime derivatives of dehydroabietic acid was written by Zhang, Wen-Ming;Yao, Yang;Yang, Teng;Wang, Xue-Ying;Zhu, Zhen-Yun;Xu, Wen-Tao;Lin, Hai-Xia;Gao, Zhao-Bing;Zhou, Hu;Yang, Cai-Guang;Cui, Yong-Mei. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2018.Computed Properties of C7H4ClF3O2S This article mentions the following:

A series of N-sulfonaminoethyloxime derivatives of dehydroabietic acid were synthesized and investigated for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus Newman strain and multidrug-resistant strains (NRS-1, NRS-70, NRS-100, NRS-108 and NRS-271). Most of the target compounds having chloro, bromo, trifluoromethyl Ph moiety exhibited potent in vitro antistaphylococcal activity. The meta-CF3 Ph derivative T23 showed the highest activity with MIC of 0.390.78 渭g/mL against S. aureus Newman, while several analogs showed similar potent antibacterial activity with MIC values between 0.78 and 1.56 渭g/mL against fve multidrug-resistant S. aureus. The stability of T35 in plasma of SD rat and the cellular cytotoxicity were also evaluated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Computed Properties of C7H4ClF3O2S).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Computed Properties of C7H4ClF3O2S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Combination of probiotic yeast and lactic acid bacteria as starter culture to produce maize-based beverages was written by Menezes, Aline Galvao Tavares;Ramos, Cintia Lacerda;Dias, Disney Ribeiro;Schwan, Rosane Freitas. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2018.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Cereal-based fermented beverages are non-dairy products which are considered possible carriers for probiotic strains and alternatives for use by vegans and lactose-intolerant consumers. In the present work, the com. probiotic, Lactobacillus paracasei LBC-81, was used singly and in co-culture with potential probiotic yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCMA 0731, S. cerevisiae CCMA 0732, and Pichia kluyveri CCMA 0615, to ferment a maize-based substrate. All tested strains showed viability higher than 6 log CFU/mL, as recommended for food probiotic products, except for the yeast P. kluyveri which decreased during fermentation and storage time. A reduction in pH value, from approx. 7 to 4, was observed This decrease was due organic acid production, which did not affect the microbial viability. Lactic and acetic acids were the main organic acids produced during fermentation, and they decreased over 28 days of storage (<0.5 and 0.1 g/L for lactic and acetic acids, resp.). Ethanol was detected in the S. cerevisiae assays; however, the content was <5 g/L in a non-alc. beverage. Seventy volatile compounds were detected, including acids, alcs., aldehydes, esters, ketones, and other compounds Sensory anal. showed score of 5.93-4.57, resp. for appearance and taste. This is an important result, considering that the beverage had no flavoring additive and lacked a sweet taste. Therefore, probiotic beverages were successfully obtained by maize fermentation inoculated with co-culture of S. cerevisiae (CCMA 0731 or CCMA 0732) and L. paracasei LBC-81. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics