Tag: 200-300

In vitro biotransformation of 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine-derived cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor bohemine by mouse liver microsomes was written by Rypka, M.;Vesely, J.;Chmela, Z.;Riegrova, D.;Cervenkova, K.;Havlicek, L.;Lemr, K.;Hanus, J.;Cerny, B.;Lukes, J.;Michalikova, K.. And the article was included in Xenobiotica in 2002.Product Details of 203436-45-7 This article mentions the following:

1. Biotransformation pathways of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 6-benzylamino-2-(3-hydroxypropylamino)-9-isopropylpurine (bohemine) by mouse liver microsomes in vitro were investigated. 2. Metabolite profiles of [8-3H]-labeled bohemine were established by TLC/3H-autoradiog. and enzymic and MS analyses were used to elucidate the chem. structures of the metabolites. The structures of the main primary metabolites were confirmed by synthesis of authentic compounds 3. A schema of the primary NADPH-dependent pathways has been proposed involving N2- and N9-dealkylation, N6-debenzylation, aromatic hydroxylation, and C2 side chain oxidation of bohemine. Three of the primary metabolites detected, 6-(benzylamino)-2-(3-hydroxypropylamino)purine (M4), 6-amino-2-(3-hydroxypropylamino)-9-isopropylpurine (M5) and 6-(4-hydroxybenzylamino)-2-(3-hydroxypropylamino)-9-isopropylpurine (M6), all retaining their parent primary hydroxyl group, were subsequently shown to be converted, by a liver cytosolic NAD⁺-dependent system, into their corresponding carboxylic acids. M6 was subject to microsomal glycosidations requiring UDP-sugar donors. NADPH-dependent conversion of M6 into M5 by microsomes was also demonstrated. 4. Cytochrome P 450 (CYP) enzymes-selective inhibitors were used to identify CYPs involved in bohemine biotransformation. The findings suggested that CYP2A and CYP3A substantially contributed to the NADPH-dependent bohemine transformation in vitro. 5. The findings will facilitate experiments designed to dissect enzymic systems catalyzing clearance of C2,C6,N9-trisubstituted purine compounds from mammalian tissues. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine (cas: 203436-45-7Product Details of 203436-45-7).

2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine (cas: 203436-45-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Product Details of 203436-45-7

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Assembly of multicyclic isoquinoline scaffolds from pyridines: formal total synthesis of fredericamycin A was written by Wang, Fang-Xin;Yan, Jia-Lei;Liu, Zhixin;Zhu, Tingshun;Liu, Yingguo;Ren, Shi-Chao;Lv, Wen-Xin;Jin, Zhichao;Chi, Yonggui Robin. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2021.SDS of cas: 442903-28-8 This article mentions the following:

The construction of an isoquinoline skeleton typically starts with benzene derivatives as substrates with the assistance of acids or transition metals. Disclosed here is a concise approach to prepare isoquinoline analogs by starting with pyridines to react with β-ethoxy α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds under basic conditions. Multiple substitution patterns and a relatively large number of functional groups (including those sensitive to acidic conditions) can be tolerated the method. In particular, protocol allows for efficient access to tricyclic isoquinolines found in hundreds of natural products with interesting bioactivities. The efficiency and operational simplicity of introducing structural complexity into the isoquinoline frameworks can likely enable the collective synthesis of a large set of natural products. Here show that fredericamycin A could be obtained via a short route by using isoquinoline synthesis as a key step. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2,4-dichloronicotinate (cas: 442903-28-8SDS of cas: 442903-28-8).

Methyl 2,4-dichloronicotinate (cas: 442903-28-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).SDS of cas: 442903-28-8

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nature based forward osmosis membranes: A novel approach for improved anti-fouling properties of thin film composite membranes was written by Yassari, Mehrasa;Shakeri, Alireza. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Research and Design in 2022.Quality Control of Trimesoylchloride This article mentions the following:

Herein, polyamide thin-film composite forward osmosis (TFC-FO) membranes were fabricated using beta-cyclodextrin-graft-poly acrylic acid (β-CD-g-PAA), as a nature-based graft polymer. The polymer was synthesized by free radical graft polymerization and was consequently incorporated into the active layer to enhance the hydrophilicity, anti-fouling, and overall performance of the conventional TFC-FO membrane. The effect of synthesized polymer concentration on characteristic features such as roughness, morphol., and hydrophilicity of the polymer-modified membranes was thoroughly investigated using different characterization techniques. Apart from that, the separation performance of the newly developed membranes was investigated in FO and reverse osmosis (RO) filtration systems. The transport data revealed increased water flux of around 1.5 times for the membrane which was modified with 1250 ppm of β-CD-g-PAA solution (TFC-1250) compared to pristine TFC in the FO mode. Interestingly, the mentioned membrane showed demonstrably perm-selectivity of 0.043 bar in RO filtration system. The antifouling investigations of the TFC-1250 membrane against protein and organic foulant in FO mode, not only showed minor fouling tendency, but also revealed great flux recovery ratio (FRR>98%) with a simple washing step. These observations prove the reversible characteristic of fouling in FO process. Hence, this project opens a new way to surface functionalization of TFC membranes with nature-based polymers to render selectivity as well as antifouling features to them. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Quality Control of Trimesoylchloride).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Quality Control of Trimesoylchloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A highly efficient heterogeneous copper-catalyzed chlorodeboronation of arylboronic acids leading to chlorinated arenes was written by He, Wen;Zhang, Rongli;Cai, Mingzhong. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2017.Reference of 18437-66-6 This article mentions the following:

A highly efficient heterogeneous copper-catalyzed chlorodeboronation of arylboronic acids with inexpensive N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) was achieved in MeCN in the presence of 10 mol% of L-proline-functionalized MCM-41-immobilized copper(I) complex [MCM-41-L-proline-CuCl] under mild conditions, yielding a variety of aryl chlorides in excellent yields. This method proved to be tolerant of a broad range of functional groups and particularly useful for the conversion of electron-deficient arylboronic acids to aryl chlorides, a transformation that is inefficient without copper catalysis. This heterogeneous copper catalyst can be recovered by a simple filtration of the reaction solution and recycled for at least 10 times without any decreases in activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6Reference of 18437-66-6).

tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Reference of 18437-66-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Multipronged Approach Establishes Covalent Modification of β-Tubulin as the Mode of Action of Benzamide Anti-cancer Toxins was written by Povedano, Juan Manuel;Rallabandi, Rameshu;Bai, Xin;Ye, Xuecheng;Liou, Joel;Chen, Hong;Kim, Jiwoong;Xie, Yang;Posner, Bruce;Rice, Luke;De Brabander, Jef K.;McFadden, David G.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Quality Control of 3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid This article mentions the following:

A phenotypic high-throughput screen identified a benzamide small mol. with activity against small cell lung cancer cells. A “clickable” benzamide probe was designed that irreversibly bound a single 50 kDa cellular protein, identified by mass spectrometry as β-tubulin. Moreover, the anti-cancer potency of a series of benzamide analogs strongly correlated with probe competition, indicating that β-tubulin was the functional target. Addnl. evidence suggested that benzamides covalently modified Cys239 within the colchicine binding site. Consistent with this mechanism, benzamides impaired growth of microtubules formed with β-tubulin harboring Cys239, but not β₃ tubulin encoding Ser239. We therefore designed an aldehyde-containing analog capable of trapping Ser239 in β₃ tubulin, presumably as a hemiacetal. Using a forward genetics strategy, we identified benzamide-resistant cell lines harboring a Thr238Ala mutation in β-tubulin sufficient to induce compound resistance. The disclosed chem. probes are useful to identify other colchicine site binders, a frequent target of structurally diverse small mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 34662-36-7Quality Control of 3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid).

3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 34662-36-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Quality Control of 3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Investigation of pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4-ones as novel monoamine oxidase inhibitors was written by Panova, Valeria A.;Filimonov, Sergey I.;Chirkova, Zhanna V.;Kabanova, Mariya V.;Shetnev, Anton A.;Korsakov, Mikhail K.;Petzer, Anel;Petzer, Jacobus P.;Suponitsky, Kyrill Yu. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2021.Synthetic Route of C9H8ClNO4 This article mentions the following:

The present study synthesized a series of pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4-one derivatives I [R¹ = H, Me, MeO, Cl; R² = NH₂, CN, Me(CO)NH, Et(O)OC; R³ = H, HO, acetyloxidanyl, (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)oxidanyl] and evaluated them as potential inhibitors of human MAO-A and MAO-B. The results showed that derivatives I [R¹ = H, MeO, Cl; R² = NH₂, Me(CO)NH; R³ = H, HO, acetyloxidanyl] inhibited MAO-A, and derivatives I [R¹ = Me, MeO; R² = CN; R³ = H, (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)oxidanyl] inhibited MAO-B with IC₅₀ values in the submicromolar range (<1μM). The most potent MAO-A inhibitor, I [R¹ = Cl, R² = MeC(O)NH, R³ = acetyloxidanyl], exhibited an IC₅₀ value of 0.028μM and displayed 50-fold selectivity for MAO-A over MAO-B. The most potent MAO-B inhibitor, I [R¹ = Me, R² = CN, R³ = H], exhibited an IC₅₀ value of 0.617μM and displayed 8-fold selectivity for MAO-B. This was the first reported MAO inhibition by pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4-one derivatives, I and this study concluded that these compounds I were suitable lead for the future development of MAO inhibitors, particularly of the MAO-A isoform. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoate (cas: 16588-16-2Synthetic Route of C9H8ClNO4).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoate (cas: 16588-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Synthetic Route of C9H8ClNO4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Activator free, expeditious and eco-friendly chlorination of activated arenes by N-chloro-N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzene sulfonamide (NCBSI) was written by Misal, Balu;Palav, Amey;Ganwir, Prerna;Chaturbhuj, Ganesh. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2021.Synthetic Route of C7H4ClNO3S This article mentions the following:

N-Chloro-N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzene sulfonamide (NCBSI) was explored for the first time as a chlorinating reagent for direct chlorination of various activated arenes and heterocycles without any activator. A comparative in-silico study was performed to determine the electrophilic character for NCBSI and com. available N-chloro reagents to reveal the reactivity on a theor. viewpoint. The reagent was prepared by an improved method avoiding the use of hazardous t-Bu hypochlorite. This reagent was proved to be very reactive compared to other N-chloro reagents. The precursor of the reagent N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzene sulfonamide was recovered from aqueous spent, which can be recycled to synthesize NCBSI. The eco-friendly protocol was equally applicable for the synthesis of industrially important chloroxylenol as an antibacterial agent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0Synthetic Route of C7H4ClNO3S).

2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Synthetic Route of C7H4ClNO3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cyclic Trinuclear Copper(I) Complex Exhibiting Aggregation-Induced Emission: A Novel Fluorescent Probe for the Selective Detection of Gold(III) Ions was written by Li, Haozhen;Luo, Jie;Zhang, Zhi-Yin;Wei, Rong-Jia;Xie, Mo;Huang, Yong-Liang;Ning, Guo-Hong;Li, Dan. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2022.Application of 76-83-5 This article mentions the following:

Coordination complexes with aggregation-induced-emission (AIE) behavior has drawn much attention because of their promising applications. Conventionally, the AIE-active metal-organic complexes are prepared from an AIE-active organic ligand, and the construction of such coordination complexes from aggregation-caused-quenching (ACQ) ligands is still challenging. Herein, we have synthesized two new cyclic trinuclear complexes (CTCs), namely, 1 and 2, from copper(I) and silver(I) and a ACQ ligand [4-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)benzaldehyde, HL]. (1) Exhibited AIE behavior, and the emission intensity is enhanced ~20 times when it aggregates, which can be attributed to its tight packing and multiple intermol. hydrogen bonds that restrained the intramol. rotation, as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction anal. On the other hand, (2) displayed ACQ effects, and the emission intensity is decreased ~5 times when it aggregates. This ACQ behavior of 2 is related to its loose packing and free rotation of the ligand in crystals, resulting in nonradiative decay and fluorescence quenching. Interestingly, the CTCs 1 and 2 both exhibited a good affinity to gold(III) ions, allowing selective detection and sensing of gold ions. More importantly, the 2 shows a good limit of detection (3.28μmol/L) and an ultrafast responsive time (~2 s). Our studies pave a new route to designing novel AIE-active coordination complexes and further exploring the functionality of CTCs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Application of 76-83-5).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Application of 76-83-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kinetic and mechanistic approach of N-chlorosaccharin oxidation of some non vicinal polyhydroxy alcohols was written by Kaur, Raman Deep;Arora, Monika;Gujral, Harjeet;Kaur, Gurpreet;Nayak, S. N.;Singh, S. K.. And the article was included in International Journal of ChemTech Research in 2010.Electric Literature of C7H4ClNO3S This article mentions the following:

The kinetics of oxidation of propane-1,3-diol and butane-1,4-diol by N-chlorosaccharin was carried out in aqueous acetic acid medium. The reactions exhibit first order dependence in oxidant and the Michaelis-Menten’s kinetics in substrate. Increase in the concentration of added perchloric acid increases the rate of oxidation Addition of the reaction product, saccharin, exhibits retarding effect. Decrease in dielec. constant of the medium decreased the rate constant Various activation parameters have been evaluated. Mechanism proposed and the derived rate law is in agreement with the observed kinetics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0Electric Literature of C7H4ClNO3S).

2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Electric Literature of C7H4ClNO3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

From Sensors to Silencers: Quinoline- and Benzimidazole-Sulfonamides as Inhibitors for Zinc Proteases was written by Rouffet, Matthieu;de Oliveira, Cesar Augusto F.;Udi, Yael;Agrawal, Arpita;Sagi, Irit;McCammon, J. Andrew;Cohen, Seth M.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2010.Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride This article mentions the following:

Derived from the extensive work in the area of small mol. zinc(II) ion sensors, chelating fragment libraries of quinoline- and benzimidazole-sulfonamides have been prepared and screened against several different zinc(II)-dependent matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The fragments show impressive inhibition of these metalloenzymes and preferences for different MMPs based on the nature of the chelating group. The findings show that focused chelator libraries are a powerful strategy for the discovery of lead fragments for metalloprotein inhibition. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 63624-28-2Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride).

2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 63624-28-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics