Tag: 100-200

Discovery of 2-(Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-yl)acetic acid as a new class of ligands selective for the γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) high-affinity binding sites was written by Krall, Jacob;Bavo, Francesco;Falk-Petersen, Christina B.;Jensen, Claus H.;Nielsen, Julie O.;Tian, Yongsong;Anglani, Valeria;Kongstad, Kenneth T.;Piilgaard, Louise;Nielsen, Birgitte;Gloriam, David E.;Kehler, Jan;Jensen, Anders A.;Harpsoee, Kasper;Wellendorph, Petrine;Froelund, Bente. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Application of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Gabazine, a γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA_A) receptor antagonist, has previously been reported to inhibit the binding of [³H]NCS-382, a representative ligand of the high-affinity binding site for the neuroactive substance γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB). We herein report a study on the structural determinants of gabazine for binding to (i) the orthosteric binding site of the GABA_A receptor and (ii) the high-affinity GHB binding site. Expanding the structural diversity of available ligands for the high-affinity GHB binding sites, this study identified 2-(imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-yl)acetic acid as a novel ligand-scaffold leading to analogs with relatively high affinity (K_i 0.19-2.19 μM) and >50 times selectivity for the [³H]NCS-382 over [³H]muscimol binding sites. These results highlight that gabazine interacts with the high-affinity GHB and orthosteric GABA_A receptor binding sites differently and that distinct analogs can be generated to select between them. To facilitate further in vivo studies, a promising prodrug candidate for brain delivery was identified. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Application of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Application of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Less is More: A Shortcut for Anionocages Design Based on (RPO₃^2-)-Monourea Coordination was written by Ma, Fen;Qiao, Xinrui;Zuo, Wei;Tao, Yu;Li, Anyang;Luo, Zhipeng;Liu, Yuqi;Liu, Xueru;Wang, Xiaoqing;Sun, Wei;Jia, Chuandong. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Anionocages have been developed as a unique family of hydrogen bonded cages. However, strategies for constructing anionocages are mainly limited to that based on (PO₄^3-)-bisurea coordination, neither the ligands nor the anions lack the simplicity and diversity of the maturely developed analogs based on metal coordination (i.e. metallocage). We report herein a more simple strategy for anionocages design based on (RPO₃^2-)-monourea coordination, utilizing monourea rather than bisurea as the hydrogen binding donor, and RPO₃^2- rather than PO₄^3- as the acceptor. Two fluorescent, quadruple helicate anionocages were constructed by a bis-monourea ligand, and dianions PhOPO₃^2- (H¹) or HOPO₃^2- (H^1A), resp., which were capable of encapsulating a series of cation guests. As revealed by mol. modeling, H¹ features remarkable guest-adaptive cavity breathing without change of the quadruple helicate topol., which allowed the encapsulation of different sized guests in an “induced fit” manner. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ionic conduction through single-pore and multipore polymer membranes in aprotic organic electrolytes was written by Nasir, Saima;Ali, Mubarak;Ramirez, Patricio;Froehlich, Kristina;Cervera, Javier;Mafe, Salvador;Ensinger, Wolfgang. And the article was included in Journal of Membrane Science in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

We exptl. characterize the ionic conduction of single and multipore nanoporous membranes in aprotic organic electrolytes. To this end, soft-etched (SE) membranes with pore diameters in the nanometer range and track-etched (TE) membranes with pore diameters in the tens of nanometers range are investigated. In aqueous conditions, the membrane ionic conduction rates follow the same trend of the bulk solution conductivities. However, the ionic transport through the narrow SE-nanopores dramatically decreases in aprotic electrolytes due to the formation of solvated metal cations and their adsorption on the pore surface. The current-voltage recordings of single conical nanopores in aprotic electrolyte solutions with different water mole fractions reveal that the solvated metal ion (M) species [M-(solvent)₄]⁺ formed in acetonitrile solvent are more tightly bounded to the pore walls compared with the cationic chelates obtained in propylene carbonate solvent. The basic findings reported here should be of interest for ionic/mol. nanofiltration processes in non-aqueous conditions as well as for moisture sensitive and energy storage nanofluidic devices. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Morphogenesis Guided by 3D Patterning of Growth Factors in Biological Matrices was written by Broguiere, Nicolas;Luechtefeld, Ines;Trachsel, Lucca;Mazunin, Dmitry;Rizzo, Riccardo;Bode, Jeffrey W.;Lutolf, Matthias P.;Zenobi-Wong, Marcy. And the article was included in Advanced Materials (Weinheim, Germany) in 2020.Recommanded Product: 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Three-dimensional (3D) control over the placement of bioactive cues is fundamental to understand cell guidance and develop engineered tissues. Two-photon patterning (2PP) provides such placement at micro- to millimeter scale, but nonspecific interactions between proteins and functionalized extracellular matrixes (ECMs) restrict its use. Here, a 2PP system based on nonfouling hydrophilic photocages and Sortase A (SA)-based enzymic coupling is presented, which offers unprecedented orthogonality and signal-to-noise ratio in both inert hydrogels and complex mammalian matrixes. Improved photocaged peptide synthesis and protein functionalization protocols with broad applicability are introduced. Importantly, the method enables 2PP in a single step in the presence of fragile biomols. and cells, and is compatible with time-controlled growth factor presentation. As a corollary, the guidance of axons through 3D-patterned nerve growth factor (NGF) within brain-mimetic ECMs is demonstrated. The approach allows for the interrogation of the role of complex signaling mols. in 3D matrixes, thus helping to better understand biol. guidance in tissue development and regeneration. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Recommanded Product: 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Recommanded Product: 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Asymmetric reduction of 2-chloro-3-oxo-ester into enantiomerically high pure diltiazem precursor by a Candida ketoreductase was written by Chen, Cheng;Xuan, Yang;Chen, Qi;Ni, Guo-Wei;Pan, Jiang;Xu, Jian-He. And the article was included in Molecular Catalysis in 2021.Formula: C6H9ClO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Me (2R,3S)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidate [(2R,3S)-MPGM] is an advanced chiral synthon for the synthesis of the cardiovascular drug diltiazem. It can be easily accessed by cyclizing the reduction products of Me 2-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoate. Herein, we report an identified carbonyl reductase (CpKR) from Candida parapsilosis that displayed an excellent stereoselectivity toward the keto substituent at the C₃-position of the 2-chloro-3-oxo-ester. The engineered Escherichia coli cells harboring CpKR gene were directly applied for the asym. reduction of keto ester 1a with a space-time yield of 46 g L^-1 d^-1, which represents the highest productivity in bio-reduction reported so far. The isolated chiral alc. products were then applied to the chem. synthesis of (2R,3S)-MPGM in 99% ee and a total yield of 76% in the two-step chemo-enzymic reactions, which far exceeded the maximum theor. yield (50%) of the existing industrial process based on a lipase-catalyzed resolution of racemic MPGM. This work provides a promising eco-friendly and cost-effective route toward industrial synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant diltiazem. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Formula: C6H9ClO3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Formula: C6H9ClO3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Monolithic Ni-Mo-B Bifunctional Electrode for Large Current Water Splitting was written by Liu, Huixiang;Li, Xuanyang;Chen, Lulu;Zhu, Xiaodong;Dong, Pei;Chee, Mason Oliver Lam;Ye, Mingxin;Guo, Yanhui;Shen, Jianfeng. And the article was included in Advanced Functional Materials in 2022.Recommanded Product: 75-57-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Screening and developing highly efficient electrodes is key to large-scale water electrolysis. The practical industrial electrode should fulfill several criteria of high activity, structural stability, and fast bubble evolution at a large c.d. In this study, a novel monolithic 3D hollow foam electrode that can achieve the requirements of large c.d. water electrolysis is developed and fabricated through a simple electroless plating-calcination strategy. This strong 3D Ni-Mo-B hollow foam electrode can withstand a pressure of 2.37 MPa and exhibits high electrochem. surface area, high conductivity, and low gas transfer resistance, drastically boosting its catalytic performance. It affords 50 mA cm^-2 at overpotentials of only 68 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction and 293 mV for oxygen evolution reaction and can survive at a large c.d. of 5 A cm^-2 while maintaining its structure and performance in 1.0 M KOH. The advantages of facile preparation, high mech. strength, high gas mass transfer ability, and excellent performance enable this structure to be a potential electrode, active substrate, or 3D catalyst in many fields. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Recommanded Product: 75-57-0).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Recommanded Product: 75-57-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Single-Point Mutant Inverts the Stereoselectivity of a Carbonyl Reductase toward β-Ketoesters with Enhanced Activity was written by Li, Aipeng;Wang, Ting;Tian, Qing;Yang, Xiaohong;Yin, Dongming;Qin, Yong;Zhang, Lianbing. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2021.Related Products of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Enzyme stereoselectivity control is still a major challenge. To gain insight into the mol. basis of enzyme stereo-recognition and expand the source of antiPrelog carbonyl reductase toward β-ketoesters, rational enzyme design aiming at stereoselectivity inversion was performed. The designed variant Q139G switched the enzyme stereoselectivity toward β-ketoesters from Prelog to antiPrelog, providing corresponding alcs. in high enantiomeric purity (89.1-99.1% ee). More importantly, the well-known trade-off between stereoselectivity and activity was not found. Q139G exhibited higher catalytic activity than the wild-type enzyme, the enhancement of the catalytic efficiency (k_cat/K_m) varied from 1.1- to 27.1-fold. Interestingly, the mutant Q139G did not lead to reversed stereoselectivity toward aromatic ketones. Anal. of enzyme-substrate complexes showed that the structural flexibility of β-ketoesters and a newly formed cave together facilitated the formation of the antiPrelog-preferred conformation. In contrast, the relatively large and rigid structure of the aromatic ketones prevents them from forming the antiPrelog-preferred conformation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Related Products of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Related Products of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Variation of counter quaternary ammonium cations of anionic cage germanoxanes as building blocks of nanoporous materials was written by Hayashi, Taiki;Sato, Naoto;Wada, Hiroaki;Shimojima, Atsushi;Kuroda, Kazuyuki. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2021.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Double-four ring (D4R)-type cage germanoxanes, having a fluoride anion in the cage, contain organic ammonium cations as counter cations outside the cage, and they are attractive as unique nano-building blocks of anionic porous materials. Although the variety of counter cations directly included in the cage germanoxane synthesis is limited, this study demonstrates that other tetraalkylammonium cations can be introduced by cation exchange in both discrete and cross-linked states. Tetraethylammonium (TEA) of a discrete cage germanoxane was replaced with tetrabutylammonium (TBA) in an organic solvent, which provides another starting material. TEA and TBA cations in cross-linked networks formed by hydrosilylation reactions of dimethylvinylsilylated cage germanoxanes with various oligosiloxanes as linkers were exchanged with tetramethylammonium (TMA) cations. The variation in the pore volume, which depends on the type of introduced counter cations and oligosiloxane linkers, is verified. In terms of bottom-up synthesis of nanoporous materials from cage-type germanoxanes, the selection of both the counter cation and cross-linker is important to vary the porosity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Excitation-Dependent Luminescence of 0D ((CH₃)₄N)₂ZrCl₆ across the Full Visible Region was written by Dai, Guangkuo;Ma, Zhimin;Qiu, Yixin;Li, Zewei;Fu, Xiaohua;Jiang, Hong;Ma, Zhiyong. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H12ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Herein, we report a novel hybrid organic-inorganic Zr(IV) metal halide ((CH₃)₄N)₂ZrCl₆, which demonstrates fascinating excitation-dependent luminescence across the full visible region. The single crystal of ((CH₃)₄N)₂ZrCl₆ showed an unexpected high degree of symmetry and formed a unique 0D structure with isolated [ZrCl₆]^2- octahedrons. Amazingly, three different emission groups emerged under changeable excitation light. The first emission group peaked at 462 nm with a ns lifetime and a μs lifetime, which is assigned to free-exciton fluorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). The second group of emissions featured elaborate multipeak light-emitting components, which is ascribed to the d-d transitions of Zr(IV). The third emission group centered at 660 nm was attributed to the typical self-trapped exciton (STE) emission. To our best knowledge, this work for the first time reports a 0D organic-inorganic metal halide with distinctive excitation-dependent full-visible-spectrum luminescence via four different emission mechanisms. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0COA of Formula: C4H12ClN).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.COA of Formula: C4H12ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Microwave-assisted synthesis and antifungal activity of coumarin[8,7-e][1,3]oxazine derivatives was written by Zhang, Ming-Zhi;Zhang, Rong-Rong;Yin, Wen-Zheng;Yu, Xiang;Zhang, Ya-Ling;Liu, Pin;Gu, Yu-Cheng;Zhang, Wei-Hua. And the article was included in Molecular Diversity in 2016.Name: 4-Chlororesorcinol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The synthesis of novel coumarin[8,7-e][1,3]oxazine derivatives I (R = C₆H₅, 4-H₃CC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, CH₂C₆H₅; R¹ = H, Cl; R² = CH₃, C₆H₅, CF₃; R³ = H, Me) through a microwave-assisted three-component one-pot Mannich reaction have been described in this study. All the target compounds I were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum capsici, Alternaria solani, Gibberella zeae, Rhizoctonia solani, and Alternaria mali. The preliminary bioassays showed that I (R = C₆H₅, 4-ClC₆H₄; R¹ = Cl; R² = CH₃, CF₃; R³ = H, CH₃) exhibited good antifungal activity and the most active compound I (R = C₆H₅; R¹ = Cl; R² = CF₃; R³ = H) shows an EC₅₀ value as low as 2.1 nM against Botrytis cinerea. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5Name: 4-Chlororesorcinol).

4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Name: 4-Chlororesorcinol

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics