Tag: 100-200

Degradation of aureomycin was written by Hutchings, B. L.;Waller, C. W.;Gordon, S.;Broschard, R. W.;Wolf, C. F.;Goldman, A. A.;Williams, J. H.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1952.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Preceding abstract Alkali fusion of aureomycin (I) yielded 5,2-Cl(HO)C₆H₃CO₂H, Me₂NH, and NH₃. Methylation, followed by permanganate oxidation, gave the following derivatives: 6-chloro-3-methoxyphthalic acid, m. 186-8° (anhydride, m. 187-8°); a monobasic acid (II), m. 199-200° (decomposition), [α]²⁵_D 25° (MeOH), formed a mono-Me ester, m. 96-100° and on decarboxylation gave 1 mole CO₂ and 4-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylphthalide (III), m. 112-13°. II is 4-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylphthalide-3-carboxylic acid. Oxidation of III with alk. permanganate yielded 6-chloro-3-methoxyphthalonic acid (IV), m. 224-7° (decomposition), or 6-chloro-3-methoxyphthalic acid, depending on whether the MnO₂ was filtered off before or after acidification. Oxidation in neutral solution yielded 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-chloro-7-methoxyphthalide (V), m. 198-203°; methylation of V gave a normal ester, m. 69-70°, and a pseudo ester, m. 188-90°. The oxidation residues gave a dibasic acid (VI), m. 211-12°, [α]²⁵_D -20.2° (EtOH). VI heated with Ac₂O gave an anhydride m. 209-10°. VI is putative 4-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylphthalide-3-succinic acid. A 2nd dibasic acid (VII), m. 203-4°; di-Me ester, m. 108-9.5°; anhydride, m. 200-1°. VII demethylated with HBr yielded a phenolic acid, m. 172.5-75°; acid oxidation with permanganate yielded tricarballylic acid. VII is putative 3-(4-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylphthalidyl)glutaric acid. Alk. fusion of the phthalide derivatives (except III) gave 5,2-Cl(MeO)C₆H₃CO₂H. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enantioselective Synthesis of Biaryl Atropisomers via Pd/Norbornene-Catalyzed Three-Component Cross-Couplings was written by Ding, Linlin;Sui, Xianwei;Gu, Zhenhua. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2018.Quality Control of Chloromethyl benzoate This article mentions the following:

Three-component cross-coupling cocatalyzed by palladium and norbornene is reported for the synthesis of biaryl atropisomers, e.g., I. This domino reaction gave optimal yield and enantioselectivity with a P,C-type ligand bearing axial chirality and P chiral center. The process showed advantages over traditional cross-coupling because of its step economy and its compatibility with readily available ortho-substituted aryl halides, which could, therefore, be used instead of continuously trisubstituted aryl halides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7Quality Control of Chloromethyl benzoate).

Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Quality Control of Chloromethyl benzoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Suppressing carboxylate nucleophilicity with inorganic salts enables selective electrocarboxylation without sacrificial anodes was written by Corbin, Nathan;Yang, Deng-Tao;Lazouski, Nikifar;Steinberg, Katherine;Manthiram, Karthish. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2021.Related Products of 620-19-9 This article mentions the following:

Herein, a strategy to maintain selectivity without a sacrificial anode was developed by adding a salt with an inorganic cation that blocks nucleophilic reactions. Using anhydrous MgBr₂ as a low-cost, soluble source of Mg²⁺ cations, carboxylation of a variety of aliphatic, benzylic, and aromatic halides was achieved with moderate to good (34-78%) yields without a sacrificial anode. Moreover, the yields from the sacrificial-anode-free process were often comparable or better than those from a traditional sacrificial-anode process. Examining a wide variety of substrates showed a correlation between known nucleophilic susceptibilities of carbon-halide bonds and selectivity loss in the absence of a Mg2+ source. The carboxylate anion product was also discovered to mitigate cathodic passivation by insoluble carbonates produced as byproducts from concomitant CO₂ reduction to CO, although this protection can eventually become insufficient when sacrificial anodes were used. These results were a key step toward sustainable and practical carboxylation by providing an electrolyte design guideline to obviate the need for sacrificial anodes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Related Products of 620-19-9).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Related Products of 620-19-9

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Crystal structures of salts and cocrystal of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives with thiophene carboxylic acid derivatives: an investigation on supramolecular interactions was written by Prajina, O. K.;Muthiah, P. T.;Perdih, F.. And the article was included in SN Applied Sciences in 2019.Reference of 36157-41-2 This article mentions the following:

Present work gives an account of different types of non covalent interactions encountered in the supramol. architectures of new salts and cocrystal formed between derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine and thiophene carboxylic acid. The novel salts formed between derivatives of thiophene carboxylic acid and 1,3,5-triazine are 2, 4-diamino-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium 5-carboxythiophene-2-carboxylate monohydrate, C₄H₈N₅⁺·C₆H₃O₄S₁^–·H₂O (I) and 2,4-diamino-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium 3-bromothiophene-2-carboxylate monohydrate, C₄H₈N₅⁺·C₅H₂O₂S₁Br₁^–·H₂O (II). The new cocrystal is a 1:1 cocrystal formed between 2,4-diamine-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine and 2,5-dichlorothiophene-3-carboxylic acid, C₉H₉N₅·C₅H₂O₂S₁Cl₂ (III). The newly synthesized salts (I and II) and cocrystal (III) have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Supramol. heterosynthons, homosynthons observed via N-H···O, N-H···N and O-H···N hydrogen bonds are also discussed. Anion···π interaction between carboxylate oxygen and aromatic rings of thiophene and triazine are observed in salt (I). π···π interaction is present between thiophene and triazine rings in salt (II). R²2(8) ring motif is formed in cocrystal (III) via N-H···O and O-H···N hydrogen bonds. Further stabilization of cocrystal (III) via Cl···O, Cl···Cl interactions as well as π···π interactions (triazine···triazine rings and triazine···phenyl rings) are also investigated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Dichlorothiophene-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 36157-41-2Reference of 36157-41-2).

2,5-Dichlorothiophene-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 36157-41-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Reference of 36157-41-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pyridoimidazolones as Novel Potent Inhibitors of v-Raf Murine Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homologue B1 (BRAF) was written by Niculescu-Duvaz, Dan;Gaulon, Catherine;Dijkstra, Harmen P.;Niculescu-Duvaz, Ion;Zambon, Alfonso;Menard, Delphine;Suijkerbuijk, Bart M. J. M.;Nourry, Arnaud;Davies, Lawrence;Manne, Helen;Friedlos, Frank;Ogilvie, Lesley;Hedley, Douglas;Whittaker, Steven;Kirk, Ruth;Gill, Adrian;Taylor, Richard D.;Raynaud, Florence I.;Moreno-Farre, Javier;Marais, Richard;Springer, Caroline J.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.SDS of cas: 6834-42-0 This article mentions the following:

BRAF is a serine/threonine kinase that is mutated in a range of cancers, including 50-70% of melanomas, and has been validated as a therapeutic target. The authors have designed and synthesized mutant BRAF inhibitors containing pyridoimidazolone as a new hinge-binding scaffold. Compounds have been obtained which have low nanomolar potency for mutant BRAF (12 nM for compound I) and low micromolar cellular potency against a mutant BRAF melanoma cell line, WM266.4. The series benefits from very low metabolism, and pharmacokinetics (PK) that can be modulated by methylation of the NH groups of the imidazolone, resulting in compounds with fewer H-donors and a better PK profile. These compounds have great potential in the treatment of mutant BRAF melanomas. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0SDS of cas: 6834-42-0).

2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).SDS of cas: 6834-42-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preparation of (4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene)acetamide derivatives as novel arginine vasopressin V₂ receptor agonists was written by Tsukamoto, Issei;Koshio, Hiroyuki;Akamatsu, Seijiro;Kuramochi, Takahiro;Saitoh, Chikashi;Yatsu, Takeyuki;Yanai-Inamura, Hiroko;Kitada, Chika;Yamamoto, Eisaku;Sakamoto, Shuichi;Tsukamoto, Shin-ichi. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2008.Product Details of 85953-29-3 This article mentions the following:

The present work describes the discovery of novel series of (4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine-5-ylidene)acetamide derivatives as arginine vasopressin (AVP) V₂ receptor agonists. By replacing the amide juncture in YM-35278 with a direct ring connection gave compound 10a, which acts as a V₂ receptor agonist. These studies provided the potent, orally active non-peptidic V₂ receptor agonists 10a and 10j. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-chloro-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 85953-29-3Product Details of 85953-29-3).

Methyl 2-chloro-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 85953-29-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Product Details of 85953-29-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Imidazolium Salt Catalyzed para-Selective Halogenation of Electron-Rich Arenes was written by Chen, Jie;Xiong, Xiaoyu;Chen, Zenghua;Huang, Jianhui. And the article was included in Synlett in 2015.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A highly para-selective halogenation of arenes bearing coordinating groups in the presence of an imidazolium salt as a catalyst is reported. A series of electron-rich p-haloarenes were prepared in good yields and good to excellent selectivities. We also propose a plausible mechanism for the catalytic reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structure-Activity Relationships of the MEPicides: N-Acyl and O-Linked Analogs of FR900098 as Inhibitors of Dxr from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Yersinia pestis was written by San Jose, Geraldine;Jackson, Emily R.;Haymond, Amanda;Johny, Chinchu;Edwards, Rachel L.;Wang, Xu;Brothers, R. Carl;Edelstein, Emma K.;Odom, Audrey R.;Boshoff, Helena I.;Couch, Robin D.;Dowd, Cynthia S.. And the article was included in ACS Infectious Diseases in 2016.Reference of 5335-05-7 This article mentions the following:

Despite continued research efforts, the threat of drug resistance from a variety of bacteria continues to plague clin. communities. Discovery and validation of novel biochem. targets will facilitate development of new drugs to combat these organisms. The methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway to make isoprene units is a biosynthetic pathway essential to many bacteria. We and others have explored inhibitors of the MEP pathway as novel antibacterial agents. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, and Yersinia pestis, resulting in the plague or “black death,” both rely on the MEP pathway for isoprene production 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (Dxr) catalyzes the first committed step in the MEP pathway. We examined two series of Dxr inhibitors based on the parent structure of the retrohydroxamate natural product FR900098. The compounds contain either an extended N-acyl or O-linked alkyl/aryl group, and are designed to act as bisubstrate inhibitors of the enzyme. While nearly all of the compounds inhibited both Mtb and Yp Dxr to some extent, compounds generally displayed more potent inhibition against the Yp homolog, with the best analogs displaying nM IC₅₀ values. In bacterial growth inhibition assays, the phosphonic acids generally resulted in poor antibacterial activity, likely a reflection of inadequate permeability. Accordingly, di-Et and diPOM prodrug esters of these compounds were made. While the added lipophilicity did not enhance Yersinia activity, the compounds showed significantly improved antitubercular activities. The most potent compounds have Mtb MIC values of 3-12 μg/mL. Taken together, we have uncovered two series of analogs that potently inhibit Dxr homologs from Mtb and Yp. These inhibitors of the MEP pathway, termed MEPicides, serve as leads for future analog development. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7Reference of 5335-05-7).

Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Reference of 5335-05-7

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Triazolopyrimidine and triazolopyridine scaffolds as TDP2 inhibitors was written by Ribeiro, Carlos J. A.;Kankanala, Jayakanth;Xie, Jiashu;Williams, Jessica;Aihara, Hideki;Wang, Zhengqiang. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2019.SDS of cas: 1711-11-1 This article mentions the following:

Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) repairs topoisomerase II (TOP2) mediated DNA damages and causes cellular resistance to clin. used TOP2 poisons. Inhibiting TDP2 can potentially sensitize cancer cells toward TOP2 poisons. Com. compound P10A10, to which the structure was assigned as 7-Ph triazolopyrimidine analog 6a, was previously identified as a TDP2 inhibitor hit in our virtual and fluorescence-based biochem. screening campaign. We report herein that the hit validation through resynthesis and structure elucidation revealed the correct structure of P10A10 (Chembridge ID 7236827) to be the 5-Ph triazolopyrimidine regioisomer 7a. Subsequent structure-activity relationship (SAR) via the synthesis of a total of 47 analogs of both the 5-Ph triazolopyrimidine scaffold (7) and its bioisosteric triazolopyridine scaffold (17) identified four derivatives (7a, 17a, 17e, and 17z) with significant TDP2 inhibition (IC₅₀ < 50 μM), with 17z(I) showing excellent cell permeability and no cytotoxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1SDS of cas: 1711-11-1).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.SDS of cas: 1711-11-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enantioselective Synthesis of SM-130686 Based on the Development of Asymmetric Cu(I)F Catalysis To Access 2-Oxindoles Containing a Tetrasubstituted Carbon was written by Tomita, Daisuke;Yamatsugu, Kenzo;Kanai, Motomu;Shibasaki, Masakatsu. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2009.Name: Chloromethyl benzoate This article mentions the following:

Two different catalytic enantioselective approaches to 3-aryl- and 3-alkenyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles have been developed. First, enantioselective arylation and alkenylation reactions of isatins using aryltrimethoxysilanes and alkenyltrimethoxysilanes as nucleophiles can be catalyzed by a complex of CuF with structurally tuned Taniaphos in the presence of a catalytic amount of ZnF₂. Despite the wide substrate scope, this intermol. reaction was not applicable to a catalytic enantioselective synthesis of SM-130686 (I·HCl), a highly potent, orally active growth hormone secretagogue containing a sterically congested chiral tetrasubstituted carbon. Therefore, an intramol. catalytic enantioselective arylation of α-keto amides was developed, taking advantage of the robustness of arylboronate reagents under multiple synthetic conversions and silica gel column chromatog. purification A complex of CuF with Ph-BPE (II) catalyzed the enantioselective arylation of α-keto amide III, affording product IV in 85% ee. The addition of ZnF₂ to this intramol. reaction was not necessary. The first enantioselective synthesis of SM-130686 was achieved using this catalytic methodol. Because 2-oxyindoles are a versatile motif for biol. active compounds, the two types of Cu-catalyzed asym. reactions developed here will be useful for the synthesis of other natural products and pharmaceutical leads. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7Name: Chloromethyl benzoate).

Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Name: Chloromethyl benzoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics