Tag: 100-200

《Carbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura couplings of sterically hindered aryl halides: synthesis of 2-aroylbenzoate derivatives》 was published in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Ismael, Aya; Skrydstrup, Troels; Bayer, Annette. Application of 768-35-4 The article mentions the following:

A carbonylative approach to the synthesis of diversely substituted 2-aroylbenzoate esters ArC(O)R1 (Ar = 2-methoxyphenyl, thiophen-2-yl, 2-naphthyl, etc.; R1 = 2-methoxycarbonyl-6-methylphenyl, 2-methoxycarbonylphenyl, 2-methoxycarbonyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl, etc.) featuring a new protocol for the carbonylative coupling of aryl bromides R1Br with boronic acids ArB(OH)2 and a new strategy to favor carbonylative over non-carbonylative reactions were developed. Two different synthetic pathways – (i) the alkoxycarbonylation of 2-bromo benzophenones R2C6H4C(O)(2-BrC6H5) (R2 = 2-F, 4-F, 3-OMe, 4-OMe) and (ii) the carbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of 2-bromobenzoate esters – were evaluated. The latter approach provided a broader substrate tolerance, and thus it was the preferred pathway. Here observed that 2-substituted aryl bromides were challenging substrates for carbonylative chem. favoring the non-carbonylative pathway. However, it is found that carbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura couplings can be improved by slow addition of the boronic acid, suppressing the unwanted direct Suzuki coupling and, thus increasing the yield of the carbonylative reaction. In addition to this study using (3-Fluorophenyl)boronic acid, there are many other studies that have used (3-Fluorophenyl)boronic acid(cas: 768-35-4Application of 768-35-4) was used in this study.

(3-Fluorophenyl)boronic acid(cas: 768-35-4) can be used to make novel liquid crystalline fluorobiphenylcyclohexenes and difluoroterphenyls by palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings also used in the synthesis of o-phenylphenols as potent leukotriene B4 receptor agonists.Application of 768-35-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zeid, Ibrahim F.; Abdel-Rahman, Adel A.-H.; Abdel-Megied, Ahmed E.-S.; El-Etrawy, Abd-Allah Sh. published an article on January 31 ,1999. The article was titled 《Synthesis of new thiolated acyclonucleosides with potential anti-HBV activity》, and you may find the article in Nucleosides & Nucleotides.Safety of 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Treatment of the sodium salt of 2-alkylthio-pyrimidin-4(1H)-ones with chloroethyl Me ether, 2-chloroethyl toluoylate or 2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate afforded the corresponding derivatives Ammonolysis of at room temperature gave the corresponding hydroxyalkyl derivatives Alkylation of 2,4-dithiouracil gave 2,4-dialkylthio pyrimidine. Several compounds exhibited antiviral activity and cytotoxicity. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate(cas: 14258-40-3Safety of 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate)

2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate(cas: 14258-40-3) belongs to aliphatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons belong to the most abundant fraction in crude oil. Aliphatics molecules are linear or branched open-chain structures such as n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cycloalkanes (naphthenes), terpenes and steranes.Safety of 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Deciphering the positional impact of chlorine in a new series of berberine analogues towards the superb-selective “”turn-on”” hydrophobic signaling of bovine serum albumin at physiological pH》 were Jana, Gopal Chandra; Nayim, Sk; Sahoo, Nandan Kumar; Das, Somnath; Aktara, Mt Nasima; Patra, Anirudha; Islam, Maidul Md.; Hossain, Maidul. And the article was published in New Journal of Chemistry in 2020. Quality Control of 3-Chlorobenzylchloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

The optical signals of serum albumin (SA) provide precious information for realizing its native functions, in addition to developing related biomedical applications. Herein, we report a new class of easy synthesizable and water-soluble compounds (BZ1-BZ5) based on different chlorine positions on 9-O-benzyl-substituted berberine scaffolds for the selective detection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in CP buffer solution (10 mM, pH 7.2) based on two competing factors: hydrophobic interactions and steric repulsion. The frail emission intensities of these probes were enhanced upon the addition of BSA; exceptionally, a remarkable increase in emission intensity (140-fold) and remarkable lifetime and quantum yield increases make BZ4 an excellent fluorescence turn-on hydrophobic BSA sensor. Selectivity and co-existence studies involving other proteins, free tryptophan, etc. revealed that the microenvironment around the tryptophan moiety in BSA incites drastic spectral changes upon the introduction of BSA. Moreover, the most efficient lumino-probe, BZ4, can detect bovine serum albumin at a nanomolar level (LOD = 3.3 nM) with a broadened range of linearity and slight altering of the secondary structure of the protein. Our exptl. results and docking simulation studies show that the probe BZ4 binds preferentially at “”binding site II”” of BSA. In addition, the binding and conformational alterations of BSA provoked by these analogs have been intensely investigated, and we fruitfully relate the binding results to the sensing outcome. The obtained results reveal how the different positioning of chlorine in benzyl-substituted berberine affects the hydrophobic sensing of BSA, making these probes a new category of BSA selective material with potential applications in proteome research. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 3-Chlorobenzylchloride(cas: 620-20-2Quality Control of 3-Chlorobenzylchloride)

3-Chlorobenzylchloride(cas: 620-20-2) has been used in the reaction of 3-methoxybenzyl chloride and ethyl 4-bromobenzoate in pure water, using zinc dust and a Pd catalyst.Quality Control of 3-Chlorobenzylchloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Blake, Steven; Thanissery, Rajani; Rivera, Alissa J.; Hixon, Mark S.; Lin, Mingliang; Theriot, Casey M.; Janda, Kim D. published an article in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Salicylanilide Analog Minimizes Relapse of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Mice》.Product Details of 350-30-1 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes serious and sometimes fatal symptoms like diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Although antibiotics for CDI exist, they are either expensive or cause recurrence of the infection due to their altering the colonic microbiota, which is necessary to suppress the infection. Here, we leverage a class of known membrane-targeting compounds that we previously showed to have broad inhibitory activity across multiple Clostridioides difficile strains while preserving the microbiome to develop an efficacious agent. A new series of salicylanilides was synthesized, and the most potent analog was selected through an in vitro inhibitory assay to evaluate its pharmacokinetic parameters and potency in a CDI mouse model. The results revealed reduced recurrence of CDI and diminished disturbance of the microbiota in mice compared to standard-of-care vancomycin, thus paving the way for novel therapy that can potentially target the cell membrane of C. difficile to minimize relapse in the recovering patient. After reading the article, we found that the author used 3-Chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene(cas: 350-30-1Product Details of 350-30-1)

3-Chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene(cas: 350-30-1) belongs to organochlorine compounds. The wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties of organochlorides lead to a broad range of names, applications, and properties. Organochlorine compounds have wide use in many applications, though some are of profound environmental concern, with TCDD being one of the most notorious.Product Details of 350-30-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Recommanded Product: 2-Chloroisonicotinic acidOn March 10, 2022, Tanaka, Yuta; Seto, Masaki; Kakegawa, Keiko; Takami, Kazuaki; Kikuchi, Fumiaki; Yamamoto, Takeshi; Nakamura, Minoru; Daini, Masaki; Murakami, Masataka; Ohashi, Tomohiro; Kasahara, Takahito; Wang, Junsi; Ikeda, Zenichi; Wada, Yasufumi; Puenner, Florian; Fujii, Takahiro; Inazuka, Masakazu; Sato, Sho; Suzaki, Tomohiko; Oak, Jeong-Ho; Takai, Yuichi; Kohara, Hiroshi; Kimoto, Kouya; Oki, Hideyuki; Mikami, Satoshi; Sasaki, Minoru published an article in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The article was 《Discovery of Brain-Penetrant Glucosylceramide Synthase Inhibitors with a Novel Pharmacophore》. The article mentions the following:

Inhibition of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) is a major therapeutic strategy for Gaucher’s disease and has been suggested as a potential target for treating Parkinson’s disease. Herein, authors report the discovery of novel brain-penetrant GCS inhibitors. Assessment of the structure-activity relationship revealed a unique pharmacophore in this series. The lipophilic ortho-substituent of aromatic ring A and the appropriate directionality of aromatic ring B were key for potency. Optimization of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, toxicity (ADMETox) profile resulted in the discovery of T-036, a potent GCS inhibitor in vivo. Pharmacophore-based scaffold hopping was performed to mitigate safety concerns associated with I. The ring opening of I resulted in another potent GCS inhibitor with a lower toxicol. risk, II, which reduced glucosylceramide in a dose-dependent manner in the plasma and cortex of mice. Finally, authors discuss the structural aspects of the compounds that impart a unique inhibition mode and lower the cardiovascular risk. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid(cas: 6313-54-8Recommanded Product: 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid)

2-Chloroisonicotinic acid(cas: 6313-54-8) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. As ligands, solvents, and catalysts they facilitate reactions; thus descriptions of these new ligands and their applications abound each year.Recommanded Product: 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

HPLC of Formula: 620-20-2On September 30, 2021 ,《Cu2+ ion crosslinked carboxymethylcellulose/diatomite composite beads as an efficient catalyst for CuAAC reactions》 was published in Polymers for Advanced Technologies. The article was written by Zeng, Fang; Zhang, Mingjuan; Li, Yiqun. The article contains the following contents:

Cu2+-crosslinked CM-cellulose/diatomite composite beads (CuII@CMC/DE) were prepared in simple and efficient way using ionic crosslinking techniques. In CuII@CMC/DE beads, diatomite serves as a reinforcing filler, and divalent copper cation acts as crosslinking agent. The chem. structure and morphol. of as-fabricated CuII@CMC/DE beads were well characterized using various techniques such as ICP, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, elemental mapping, TEM, XPS, and TGA. The CuII@CMC/DE beads exerted superior catalytic performance in CuAAC reactions of benzyl halides, sodium azide, and alkynes to yield regioselective 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles in excellent yields under green conditions. In these resultant catalytic composite beads, Cu2+ was used not only as a crosslinking agent but also as a metal catalyst for CuAAC reaction. The composite beads can be easily separated by filter and reused at least four times without any significant decrease on its activity and selectivity. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Chlorobenzylchloride(cas: 620-20-2HPLC of Formula: 620-20-2)

3-Chlorobenzylchloride(cas: 620-20-2) has been used in the reaction of 3-methoxybenzyl chloride and ethyl 4-bromobenzoate in pure water, using zinc dust and a Pd catalyst.HPLC of Formula: 620-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Related Products of 14258-40-3On March 11, 1983, Fitch, John W.; Payne, Wyatt G.; Westmoreland, Donald published an article in Journal of Organic Chemistry. The article was 《Platinum-catalyzed acylative cleavage of cyclic ethers》. The article mentions the following:

Cyclic ethers were cleaved under very mild conditions to halo esters in moderate to good yields by acyl halides in the presence of catalytic amounts of Pt(II) or Rh(I) complexes. Thus, treating a stirred THF solution of Zeise’s salt with AcCl and keeping 24 h gave 72% AcO(CH2)4Cl. Acyclic ethers did not react. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate(cas: 14258-40-3Related Products of 14258-40-3)

2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate(cas: 14258-40-3) belongs to aliphatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons belong to the most abundant fraction in crude oil. Aliphatics molecules are linear or branched open-chain structures such as n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cycloalkanes (naphthenes), terpenes and steranes.Related Products of 14258-40-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Semicarbazone derivatives bearing phenyl moiety: synthesis, anticancer activity, cell cycle, apoptosis-inducing and metabolic stability study》 was written by Ma, Junjie; Ni, Xin; Gao, Yali; Huang, Kun; Wang, Yu; Liu, Jiaan; Gong, Guowei. Related Products of 620-20-2 And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin on April 30 ,2019. The article conveys some information:

A series of semicarbazone derivatives bearing Ph moiety I [R = Me, Et; R1 = H, benzyloxidanyl, 2-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-methyloxy, [(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, etc.; R2 = t-Bu, H, prop-2-en-1-yl; R3 = H, t-Bu] was synthesized and evaluated for the vitro anticancer activities in four human cancer cell lines (human colon cancer (HT29), human neuroblastoma (SK-N-SH), human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and human gastric cancer (MKN45)). Biol. evaluation led to the identification of I [(I) R = Me, R1 H, R2 = R3 = t-Bu; (II) R = Et, R1 H, R2 = R3 = t-Bu], which showed excellent anticancer activities against tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.32 to 1.57 μM, resp., while exhibiting weak cytotoxicity on the normal cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)). Flow cytometric assay for cell cycle and apoptosis revealed that (I) and (II) caused an arrest in the Sub-G1 cell cycle and inhibited proliferation of cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Further enzymic assay suggested that (I) and (II) could significantly activated procaspase-3 to caspase-3. Metabolic stability study indicated that (I) and (II) showed moderate stability in vitro in human and rat liver microsomes. In view of promising pharmacol. activities of (I) and (II), which had emerged as the valuable lead for further development in the treatment for cancer. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 3-Chlorobenzylchloride(cas: 620-20-2Related Products of 620-20-2)

3-Chlorobenzylchloride(cas: 620-20-2) has been used in the reaction of 3-methoxybenzyl chloride and ethyl 4-bromobenzoate in pure water, using zinc dust and a Pd catalyst.Related Products of 620-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2022,Sakamoto, Ryota; Odagi, Minami; Izumiseki, Atsuto; Konuki, Kaname; Nagasawa, Kazuo published an article in Journal of Organic Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Stereodivergent Synthesis of 1,3-Dienes via Protodeboronation of Homoallenylboronic Esters》.Recommanded Product: 5781-53-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A versatile synthesis of homoallenylboronic esters via lithiation-borylation and subsequent 1,2-rearrangement was reported. The resulting homoallenylboronic esters were successfully converted into Z- and E-1,3-dienes by protodeboronation using Bu4NF and B(C6F5)3/PhOH, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate(cas: 5781-53-3Recommanded Product: 5781-53-3)

Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate(cas: 5781-53-3) belongs to acyl chlorides. In the laboratory, acyl chlorides are generally prepared by treating carboxylic acids with thionyl chloride (SOCl2). The reaction is catalyzed by dimethylformamide and other additives.Recommanded Product: 5781-53-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Luo, Zhonghua; Sun, Guodong; Wu, Shuming; Chen, Yong; Lin, Yicao; Zhang, Lei; Wang, Zhongqing published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《η6-Arene CH-O Interaction Directed Dynamic Kinetic Resolution-Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation (DKR-ATH) of α-Keto/enol-Lactams》, and you may find the article in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis.Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Dynamic kinetic resolution – asym. transfer hydrogenation (DKR-ATH) methodol. for α-keto/enol-lactams, e.g., I (R1 = Me, i-Pr, n-Bu, PhCH2, 4-MeOC6H4; R2 = Me, MeO2C, PhCH2, 2-thienylmethyl, etc.), that provided a series of the corresponding chiral hydroxy lactams, e.g., II, has been developed. A possible catalytic mechanism evolving a transition state stabilized by η6-arene CH-O interaction was also proposed. This efficient approach can be applied to a wide range of substrates including non-aryl ones which would be difficult to prepare by other asym. reduction methods. After reading the article, we found that the author used Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate(cas: 5781-53-3Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate)

Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate(cas: 5781-53-3) belongs to acyl chlorides. Lacking the ability to form hydrogen bonds, acyl chlorides have lower boiling and melting points than similar carboxylic acids. For example, acetic acid boils at 118 °C, whereas acetyl chloride boils at 51 °C. Like most carbonyl compounds, infrared spectroscopy reveals a band near 1750 cm−1.Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics