Tag: 0-100

In 2019,Journal of Chemical Physics included an article by Jiang, Hao; Debenedetti, Pablo G.; Panagiotopoulos, Athanassios Z.. Computed Properties of ClNa. The article was titled 《Nucleation in aqueous NaCl solutions shifts from 1-step to 2-step mechanism on crossing the spinodal》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

In this work, we use large-scale mol. dynamics simulations coupled to free energy calculations to identify for the first time a limit of stability (spinodal) and a change in the nucleation mechanism in aqueous NaCl solutions This is a system of considerable atm., geol., and tech. significance. We find that the supersaturated metastable NaCl solution reaches its limit of stability at sufficiently high salt concentrations, as indicated by the composition dependence of the salt chem. potential, indicating the transition to a phase separation by spinodal decomposition However, the metastability limit of the NaCl solution does not correspond to spinodal decomposition with respect to crystallization We find that beyond this spinodal, a liquid/amorphous separation occurs in the aqueous solution, whereby the ions first form disordered clusters. We term these clusters as “”amorphous salt.””. We also identify a transition from one- to two-step crystallization mechanism driven by a spinodal. In particular, crystallization from aqueous NaCl solution beyond the spinodal is a two-step process, in which the ions first phase-sep. into disordered amorphous salt clusters, followed by the crystallization of ions in the amorphous salt phase. By contrast, in the aqueous NaCl solution at concentrations lower than the spinodal, crystallization occurs via a one-step process as the ions aggregate directly into crystalline nuclei. The change of mechanism with increasing supersaturation underscores the importance of an accurate determination of the driving force for phase separation The study has broader implications on the mechanism for nucleation of crystals from solutions at high supersaturations. (c) 2019 American Institute of Physics. After reading the article, we found that the author used Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Computed Properties of ClNa)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Computed Properties of ClNa

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Electric Literature of ClNaIn 2019 ,《The mechanism of salt effects on starch gelatinization from a statistical thermodynamic perspective》 appeared in Food Hydrocolloids. The author of the article were Nicol, Thomas W. J.; Isobe, Noriyuki; Clark, James H.; Matubayasi, Nobuyuki; Shimizu, Seishi. The article conveys some information:

A review. Understanding the gelatinization of starch requires a theor. framework that can extract microscopic information from the literature’s abundant exptl. data in a quant. manner. Recent developments in statistical thermodn. have been adapted here to extract the starch-water and starch-salt affinity changes that occur during gelatinization, in a manner beyond the capabilities of traditional polymer theory. We have clarified the mechanism that leads to the increases of salt binding upon gelatinization at high concentrations Contrary to previous assumptions, salt-starch affinity has been shown to be predominant in the salt effect on gelatinization over water structure contributions. How the temperature of gelatinization depends on salt concentration can be rationalized by the exclusion of salts at low salt concentrations from the gelatinized state and salt anion accessibility to the inside of the starch granule at increased concentration Finally, the salt anion accessibility informs whether gelatinization progresses from the hilum or the periphery of the starch granule. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Electric Literature of ClNa)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Electric Literature of ClNa

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

HPLC of Formula: 7647-14-5In 2019 ,《Spatially isolating salt crystallisation from water evaporation for continuous solar steam generation and salt harvesting》 was published in Energy & Environmental Science. The article was written by Xia, Yun; Hou, Qinfu; Jubaer, Hasan; Li, Yang; Kang, Yuan; Yuan, Shi; Liu, Huiyuan; Woo, Meng Wai; Zhang, Lian; Gao, Li; Wang, Huanting; Zhang, Xiwang. The article contains the following contents:

As a low-cost green technol., solar steam generation using nanostructured photothermal materials has been drawing increasing attention in various applications, e.g. seawater desalination, and zero liquid discharge of industrial wastewater. However, the crystallization of salts on the surface of photothermal materials during steam generation leads to a gradual decline in the water evaporation rate. Herein, this challenge was overcome by a novel design involving controlled water transport, edge-preferential crystallization and gravity-assisted salt harvesting. The crystallization sites of the salt were spatially isolated from the water evaporation surface, achieving continuous steam generation and salt harvesting in over 600 h of non-stop operation. The study provides new insights into the design of solar steam generators and advances their applications in sustainable seawater desalination and wastewater management. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5HPLC of Formula: 7647-14-5)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.HPLC of Formula: 7647-14-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Di Vincenzo, Maria; Tiraferri, Alberto; Musteata, Valentina-Elena; Chisca, Stefan; Sougrat, Rachid; Huang, Li-Bo; Nunes, Suzana P.; Barboiu, Mihail published their research in Nature Nanotechnology in 2021. The article was titled 《Biomimetic artificial water channel membranes for enhanced desalination》.Quality Control of Sodium chloride The article contains the following contents:

Inspired by biol. proteins, artificial water channels (AWCs) can be used to overcome the performances of traditional desalination membranes. Their rational incorporation in composite polyamide provides an example of biomimetic membranes applied under representative reverse osmosis desalination conditions with an intrinsically high water-to-salt permeability ratio. The hybrid polyamide presents larger voids and seamlessly incorporates I-quartet AWCs for highly selective transport of water. These biomimetic membranes can be easily scaled for industrial standards (>m2), provide 99.5% rejection of NaCl or 91.4% rejection of boron, with a water flux of 75 l m-2 h-1 at 65 bar and 35,000 ppm NaCl feed solution, representative of seawater desalination. This flux is more than 75% higher than that observed with current state-of-the-art membranes with equivalent solute rejection, translating into an equivalent reduction of the membrane area for the same water output and a roughly 12% reduction of the required energy for desalination. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Quality Control of Sodium chloride)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Quality Control of Sodium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《A force field of Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, and SO42- in aqueous solution based on the TIP4P/2005 water model and scaled charges for the ions》 were Zeron, I. M.; Abascal, J. L. F.; Vega, C.. And the article was published in Journal of Chemical Physics in 2019. Recommanded Product: 7647-14-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A force field for several ions in water is proposed. In particular, we consider the cations Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ and the anions Cl- and SO42-. These ions were selected as they appear in the composition of seawater, and they are also found in biol. systems. The force field proposed (denoted as Madrid-2019) is nonpolarizable, and both water mols. and sulfate anions are rigid. For water, we use the TIP4P/2005 model. The main idea behind this work is to further explore the possibility of using scaled charges for describing ionic solutions Monovalent and divalent ions are modeled using charges of 0.85 and 1.7, resp. (in electron units). The model allows a very accurate description of the densities of the solutions up to high concentrations It also gives good predictions of viscosities up to 3 m concentrations Calculated structural properties are also in reasonable agreement with the experiment We have checked that no crystallization occurred in the simulations at concentrations similar to the solubility limit. A test for ternary mixtures shows that the force field provides excellent performance at an affordable computer cost. In summary, the use of scaled charges, which could be regarded as an effective and simple way of accounting for polarization (at least to a certain extend), improves the overall description of ionic systems in water. However, for purely ionic systems, scaled charges will not adequately describe neither the solid nor the melt. (c) 2019 American Institute of Physics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Recommanded Product: 7647-14-5)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Recommanded Product: 7647-14-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Quality Control of Sodium chlorideIn 2020 ,《Single-molecule tautomerization tracking through space- and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy》 was published in Nature Nanotechnology. The article was written by Doppagne, Benjamin; Neuman, Tomas; Soria-Martinez, Ruben; Lopez, Luis E. Parra; Bulou, Herve; Romeo, Michelangelo; Berciaud, Stephane; Scheurer, Fabrice; Aizpurua, Javier; Schull, Guillaume. The article contains the following contents:

Tautomerization, the interconversion between two constitutional mol. isomers, is ubiquitous in nature, plays a major role in chem. and is perceived as an ideal switch function for emerging mol.-scale devices. Within free-base porphyrin, porphycene or phthalocyanine, this process involves the concerted or sequential hopping of the two inner hydrogen atoms between equivalent nitrogen sites of the mol. cavity. Electronic and vibronic changes that result from this NH tautomerization, as well as details of the switching mechanism, were extensively studied with optical spectroscopies, even with single-mol. sensitivity. The influence of at.-scale variations of the mol. environment and submol. spatial resolution of the tautomerization could only be investigated using scanning probe microscopes, at the expense of detailed information provided by optical spectroscopies. Here, we combine these two approaches, scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and fluorescence spectroscopy, to study the tautomerization within individual free-base phthalocyanine (H2Pc) mols. deposited on a NaCl-covered Ag(111) single-crystal surface. STM-induced fluorescence (STM-F) spectra exhibit duplicate features that we assign to the emission of the two mol. tautomers. We support this interpretation by comparing hyper-resolved fluorescence maps(HRFMs) of the different spectral contributions with simulations that account for the interaction between mol. excitons and picocavity plasmons. We identify the orientation of the mol. optical dipoles, determine the vibronic fingerprint of the tautomers and probe the influence of minute changes in their at.-scale environment. Time-correlated fluorescence measurements allow us to monitor the tautomerization events and to associate the proton dynamics to a switching two-level system. Finally, optical spectra acquired with the tip located at a nanometer-scale distance from the mol. show that the tautomerization reaction occurs even when the tunnelling current does not pass through the mol. Together with other observations, this remote excitation indicates that the excited state of the mol. is involved in the tautomerization reaction path. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Quality Control of Sodium chloride)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Quality Control of Sodium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2019,Science of the Total Environment included an article by Yang, Wen; Shang, Jianying; Sharma, Prabhakar; Li, Baoguo; Liu, Kesi; Flury, Markus. Computed Properties of ClNa. The article was titled 《Colloidal stability and aggregation kinetics of biochar colloids: Effects of pyrolysis temperature, cation type, and humic acid concentrations》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

An understanding of biochar colloid aggregation and stability in aqueous environments is critical for assessing biochar fate and mobility in the soil. The aggregation kinetics of wheat straw-derived biochar colloids pyrolyzed at two temperatures 300 and 600 °C (WB300 and WB600 colloids, resp.) were investigated in monovalent and divalent electrolyte solutions in absence/presence of humic acid (HA). Results show that the critical coagulation concentrations (CCCs) of WB300 colloids in NaCl and CaCl2 solutions were 274 and 61.4 mM, which were higher than those (183 mM for NaCl and 38.1 mM for CaCl2) of WB600 colloids. WB300 had more oxygen-containing functional groups than WB600, which induced more neg. surface charge on WB300. HA of 5 mg L-1 greatly increased the CCCs of WB300 and WB600 colloids to 1288 and 806 mM in NaCl solutions, but decreased the CCCs to 54.6 and 37.0 mM in CaCl2 solutions because of strong bridging between HA and Ca2+. In CaCl2 solutions with high salt concentrations (near to the CCCs), different HA concentrations caused distinct effects on the aggregation of biochar colloids. The aggregation of biochar colloids was accelerated by HA with the concentration higher than 5 mg L-1 through cation-bridging while the aggregation was inhibited in the presence of <2.5 mg L-1 HA. Our findings show that pyrolysis temperature used for biochar production had a large effect on the aggregation of biochar colloids in the aqueous environment and that cation type and dissolved natural organic matter are controlling variables. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Computed Properties of ClNa)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Computed Properties of ClNa

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Effect of varying piperazine concentration and post-modification on prepared nanofiltration membranes in selectively rejecting organic micropollutants and salts》 was written by Liu, Yan-ling; Zhao, Yang-ying; Wang, Xiao-mao; Wen, Xiang-hua; Huang, Xia; Xie, Yuefeng F.. Synthetic Route of ClNaThis research focused onwastewater treatment piperazine nanofiltration membrane organic micropollutant salt. The article conveys some information:

Nanofiltration (NF) is considered as a promising technol. for the removal of trace organic compounds (TrOCs) for wastewater reclamation, while a simultaneous low rejection of salts is desirable for the ease of using the reclaimed H2O. This study was conducted to exploit the potential of polypiperazine-amide NF membranes in achieving selective separation of TrOCs and NaCl by varying the concentration of the diamine monomer, piperazine (PIP), for interfacial polymerization and by modifying the nascent membrane surface with hydrophilic monomers, diethanolamine (DEA) and monoethanolamine (MEA). Increasing PIP concentration could decrease the membrane pore size and reduce the surface neg. charge d., which led to an increased rejection of xylose and a reduced rejection of NaCl. The grafting of DEA or MEA mols. could further decrease the NaCl rejection, substantially improve the H2O permeability and maintain an effective removal for 8 pharmaceuticals (PhACs). The optimal membrane prepared with a PIP concentration of 2.0% and subsequently modified by MEA exhibited a rejection of NaCl at 33.1% and an average rejection of PhACs at 90.8% in a 10 mmol/L NaCl solution under an applied pressure of 6 bar. The membrane could have an even higher selectivity when the NaCl concentration was increased to higher levels. These results demonstrated the feasibility and versatility of the membrane in separating TrOCs from NaCl for wastewater reclamation. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Synthetic Route of ClNa)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Synthetic Route of ClNa

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Enhancing the capacitive deionization performance of NaMnO2 by interface engineering and redox-reaction》 were Wang, Shiyong; Wang, Gang; Che, Xiaoping; Wang, Shuaifeng; Li, Chengxu; Li, Duanzheng; Zhang, Yunqi; Dong, Qiang; Qiu, Jieshan. And the article was published in Environmental Science: Nano in 2019. Name: Sodium chloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

Here, the self-assembly of two-dimensional (2D) MnO2 nanosheets with Na+ ions (NaMnO2) was carried out and the formation of sandwich structures with expanded interlayer distances was reported. Simultaneously, 3D CNT/NaMnO2 with high conductivity and porous structure was also designed and prepared The two layered MnO2-based nanomaterials with expanded interlayer spacing and an open porous structure were evaluated as hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI) redox-active intercalation electrodes. The two as-obtained materials with an open porous structure and expanded interlayer spacing can provide a short ion diffusion path and allow the Na+ ions to diffuse to the active sites more easily. Moreover, the high conductivity of CNT/NaMnO2 not only can facilitate ion diffusion, but also improve the utilization of NaMnO2 pseudocapacitive electrodes. As expected, both material-based cells demonstrated an excellent IRC of 28.3 and 40.0 mg g-1 for NaMnO2//AC and 32.7 and 42.6 mg g-1 for CNT/NaMnO2//AC in 500 and 20 000 mg L-1 NaCl solution, resp. Addnl., the Na+ ion storage mechanism and the reason for capacity decay of these HCDI cells were explored. Consequently, NaMnO2 and CNT/NaMnO2 with an open porous structure and expanded interlayer spacing would be promising materials for application in HCDI systems. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Name: Sodium chloride)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Name: Sodium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Electrical conductivity, ion pairing, and ion self-diffusion in aqueous NaCl solutions at elevated temperatures and pressures》 were Yoon, Tae Jun; Patel, Lara A.; Vigil, Matthew J.; Maerzke, Katie A.; Findikoglu, Alp T.; Currier, Robert P.. And the article was published in Journal of Chemical Physics in 2019. Synthetic Route of ClNa The author mentioned the following in the article:

We have performed classical mol. dynamics (MD) simulations of aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions from 298 to 674 K at 200 bars to understand the influence of ion pairing and ion self-diffusion on elec. conductivity in high-temperature/high-pressure salt solutions Conductivity data obtained from the MD simulation highlight an apparent anomaly, namely, a conductivity maximum as temperature increases along an isobar, which has been also observed in exptl. studies. By examining both velocity autocorrelation and cross-correlation terms of the Green-Kubo integral, we quant. demonstrate that the conductivity anomaly arises mainly from a competition between the single-ion self-diffusion and the contact ion pair formation. The velocity autocorrelation function in conjunction with structural anal. suggests that diffusive motion of ions is suppressed at high temperatures due to the persistence of an inner hydration shell. The contribution of velocity cross-correlation functions between oppositely charged ions becomes significant at the onset of the conductivity decrease. Structural anal. based on Voronoi tessellation and pair correlation functions indicates that the fraction of contact ion pairs increases as temperature increases. Spatial decomposition of the elec. conductivity also indicates that the formation of contact ion pairs significantly decreases the elec. conductivity compared to Nernst-Einstein conductivity, but the contribution of distant opposite charges cannot be ignored except at the highest temperature due to unscreened long-range interactions. (c) 2019 American Institute of Physics. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Synthetic Route of ClNa)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Synthetic Route of ClNa

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics