Chlorides-buliding-blocks

Continuous Dermal Exposure to Triclocarban Perturbs the Homeostasis of Liver-Gut Axis in Mice: Insights from Metabolic Interactions and Microbiome Shifts was written by Zhang, Hongna;Liang, Yanshan;Wu, Pengfei;Shi, Xianru;Zhang, Guodong;Cai, Zongwei. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2021.COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Humans are constantly exposed to antimicrobial triclocarban (TCC) via direct skin contact with personal care and consumer products, but the safety of long-term dermal exposure to TCC remains largely unknown. Herein, we used a mouse model to evaluate the potential health risks from the continuous dermal application of TCC at human-relevant concentrations After percutaneous absorption, TCC circulated in the bloodstream and largely entered the liver-gut axis for metabolic disposition. Nontargeted metabolomics approach revealed that TCC exposure perturbed mouse liver homeostasis, as evidenced by the increased oxidative stress and impaired methylation capacity, leading to oxidative damage and enhancement of upstream glycolysis and folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism Meanwhile, TCC was transformed in the liver through hydroxylation, dechlorination, methylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, and glutathione conjugation. TCC-derived xenobiotics were subsequently excreted into the gut, and glucuronide and sulfate metabolites could be further deconjugated by the gut microbiota into their active free forms. In addition, microbial community anal. showed that the composition of gut microbiome was altered in response to TCC exposure, indicating the perturbation of gut homeostasis. Together, through tracking the xenobiotic-biol. interactions in vivo, this study provides novel insights into the underlying impacts of dermally absorbed TCC on the liver and gut microenvironments. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Recyclable NiO/sepiolite as adsorbent to remove organic dye and its regeneration was written by Gao, Shu;Wang, Dahua;Huang, Zhi;Su, Chengyuan;Chen, Menglin;Lin, Xiangfeng. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Recommanded Product: 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

In this study, the impregnation synthesis of NiO/sepiolite and its application for dye removal during wastewater treatment is introduced. The NiO/sepiolite materials act as an adsorbent/catalyst. It comprises a unique combination of adsorption and high-temperature gas flow regeneration (the NiO/sepiolite acts as a catalyst at this stage, using regeneration rate as evaluation index of catalytic activity of NiO/sepiolite) in a single unit, in which the NiO/sepiolite was regenerated and reused for the next round adsorption of dye. An aqueous solution of methylene blue was used to evaluate the adsorption and regeneration performance of the adsorbent/catalyst. The regeneration rate reached 74% when the reaction time and temperature were 7 min and 350掳C, resp. The effects of the regeneration temperature and volume fraction of O2 on the regeneration rate were investigated. And the regeneration reaction kinetics was provided. The combination of adsorptive and catalytic properties in the NiO/sepiolite composites received interesting results for removing refractory biodegradable organic pollutants. This work provides new insights for the removal of dye from wastewater using Ni catalysts supported on natural low-cost clay. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Recommanded Product: 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Recommanded Product: 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

9-Sulfonyl-9(H)-Purine Derivatives Inhibit HCV Replication Via their Degradation Species was written by Hu, Rong;Wang, Wan-Li;Xiao, Kun-Jie;Wang, Ning-Yu. And the article was included in Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal in 2021.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Cell-based screening of a privileged small mol. library led to the discovery of 9-sulfonyl-9(H)-purine as new scaffold for hepatitis C virus (HCV) inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship study with respect to the 2-, 6- and 9-positions in the purine core resulted in the identification of several active compounds with moderate potency against the HCV genotype 1b. Subsequent stability studies demonstrated that HCV inhibitors of this type were unstable in Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) and plasma, as well as glutathione-containing water, and their instability was closely related to their HCV inhibitory activity. A preliminary study of the mechanism of action showed that the sulfonamide bond at the 9-position of purine would be the primary degradation site and the resulting sulfonylation degradation species would mediate the anti-HCV activity of 9-sulfonyl-9(H)-purines. Results of this study demonstrated that 9-sulfonyl-9(H)-purine is an unstable scaffold for HCV inhibitors and further detailed anal. of the degradation species is needed to determine the main active components and direct target for this type of mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Interaction between molecular aggregates placed into thin layered films was written by Pisklova, Polina V.;Ropakova, Iryna Yu.;Bespalova, Iryna I.;Yefimova, Svetlana L.;Sorokin, Alexander V.. And the article was included in Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals.Product Details of 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Interaction of J-aggregates of two carbocyanine dyes, TDBC and TCC, with similar structures has been studied in aqueous solutions and thin polymer films. It has been revealed that despite the structure similarity these J-aggregates didn鈥瞭 interact explicitly when mixed both in aqueous solutions and polycation thin films. However, by placing the J-aggregates in different layers separated by polycation film spacer, efficient energy transfer can be achieved with TDBC J-aggregates as an energy donor and TCC J-aggregates as energy acceptor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Product Details of 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Product Details of 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

NHC-Pd(II)-azole complexes catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of sterically hindered aryl chlorides with arylboronic acids was written by Zhang, Yingying;Zhang, Rong;Ni, Chang;Zhang, Xue;Li, Yanji;Lu, Qingwen;Zhao, Yuxuan;Han, Fangwai;Zeng, Yongfei;Liu, Guiyan. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2020.Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene This article mentions the following:

In order to synthesize hindered biaryls RR¹ [R = 2-MeC₆H₄, 2,6-di-EtC₆H₃, 2-Me-4-FC₆H₃, etc.; R¹ = Ph, 2-MeC₆H₄, 2-FC₆H₄, etc.], a series of NHC-Pd(II)-azole complexes I [R² = H, Me; R³ = H, Me; X = C, N] were synthesized and characterized. The steric environment effect as well as electronic effect of azole ligands had been assessed. All these complexes I were applied in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of sterically hindered aryl chlorides with low catalysts loadings (0.1 mol %) under mild conditions in air and good to excellent isolated yields of sterically hindered biaryls were obtained. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene (cas: 206559-40-2Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene).

5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene (cas: 206559-40-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovery of hydrazone containing thiadiazoles as Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth and enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) inhibitors was written by Dogan, Hilal;Dogan, Sengul Dilem;Gunduz, Miyase Gozde;Krishna, Vagolu Siva;Lherbet, Christian;Sriram, Dharmarajan;Sahin, Onur;Saripinar, Emin. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Related Products of 6590-96-1 This article mentions the following:

The rational design and synthesis of eighteen new thiadiazolylhydrazones I [R¹ = H, Me; R² = H, Cl; R³ = H, Me, NO₂, etc.] which were synthesized by intramol. oxidative N-S bond formation reaction of 2-benzylidene-N-(phenylcarbamothioyl)hydrazine-1-carboximidamide derivatives II by phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA) under mild conditions were presented. Furthermore, the proposed structure of compounds I [R¹ = Me, R² = H, R³ = MeO] was resolved by single-crystal X-ray anal. The compounds I were evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Among them, some compounds I exhibited remarkable antimycobacterial activity, MIC = 0.78-6.25渭g/mL, with low cytotoxicity. Addnl., the most active compounds were screened for their biol. activities against M. tuberculosis in nutrient starvation model. Enzyme inhibition assays and mol. docking studies revealed enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) as the possible target enzyme of compounds to show their antitubercular activities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1Related Products of 6590-96-1).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Related Products of 6590-96-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Combination of probiotic yeast and lactic acid bacteria as starter culture to produce maize-based beverages was written by Menezes, Aline Galvao Tavares;Ramos, Cintia Lacerda;Dias, Disney Ribeiro;Schwan, Rosane Freitas. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2018.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Cereal-based fermented beverages are non-dairy products which are considered possible carriers for probiotic strains and alternatives for use by vegans and lactose-intolerant consumers. In the present work, the com. probiotic, Lactobacillus paracasei LBC-81, was used singly and in co-culture with potential probiotic yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCMA 0731, S. cerevisiae CCMA 0732, and Pichia kluyveri CCMA 0615, to ferment a maize-based substrate. All tested strains showed viability higher than 6 log CFU/mL, as recommended for food probiotic products, except for the yeast P. kluyveri which decreased during fermentation and storage time. A reduction in pH value, from approx. 7 to 4, was observed This decrease was due organic acid production, which did not affect the microbial viability. Lactic and acetic acids were the main organic acids produced during fermentation, and they decreased over 28 days of storage (<0.5 and 0.1 g/L for lactic and acetic acids, resp.). Ethanol was detected in the S. cerevisiae assays; however, the content was <5 g/L in a non-alc. beverage. Seventy volatile compounds were detected, including acids, alcs., aldehydes, esters, ketones, and other compounds Sensory anal. showed score of 5.93-4.57, resp. for appearance and taste. This is an important result, considering that the beverage had no flavoring additive and lacked a sweet taste. Therefore, probiotic beverages were successfully obtained by maize fermentation inoculated with co-culture of S. cerevisiae (CCMA 0731 or CCMA 0732) and L. paracasei LBC-81. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Esters of p-nitrophenol in synthesis of 1-N-monoamide and 1,7-bis-N,N’-amide derivatives of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane was written by Skwierawska, A.. And the article was included in Polish Journal of Chemistry in 2006.Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid This article mentions the following:

The efficient synthesis of N-monoamide and bis-N,N-amide-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecanes is reported. Compounds thus prepared included 1-benzoyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane derivatives and 1-[(pyridinyl)carbonyl]-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane derivatives and analogs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The synthesis and antistaphylococcal activity of N-sulfonaminoethyloxime derivatives of dehydroabietic acid was written by Zhang, Wen-Ming;Yao, Yang;Yang, Teng;Wang, Xue-Ying;Zhu, Zhen-Yun;Xu, Wen-Tao;Lin, Hai-Xia;Gao, Zhao-Bing;Zhou, Hu;Yang, Cai-Guang;Cui, Yong-Mei. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2018.Computed Properties of C7H4ClF3O2S This article mentions the following:

A series of N-sulfonaminoethyloxime derivatives of dehydroabietic acid were synthesized and investigated for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus Newman strain and multidrug-resistant strains (NRS-1, NRS-70, NRS-100, NRS-108 and NRS-271). Most of the target compounds having chloro, bromo, trifluoromethyl Ph moiety exhibited potent in vitro antistaphylococcal activity. The meta-CF3 Ph derivative T23 showed the highest activity with MIC of 0.390.78 渭g/mL against S. aureus Newman, while several analogs showed similar potent antibacterial activity with MIC values between 0.78 and 1.56 渭g/mL against fve multidrug-resistant S. aureus. The stability of T35 in plasma of SD rat and the cellular cytotoxicity were also evaluated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Computed Properties of C7H4ClF3O2S).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Computed Properties of C7H4ClF3O2S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Amidobenzimidazole Derivatives as Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) Receptor Agonists was written by Xi, Qiumu;Wang, Mingjin;Jia, Wenqiang;Yang, Mingjian;Hu, Jinping;Jin, Jing;Chen, Xiaoguang;Yin, Dali;Wang, Xiaojian. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Product Details of 59237-53-5 This article mentions the following:

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an endoplasmic reticulum-localized adaptor protein (STING receptor) that has been shown to be activated by binding to natural cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) ligands and plays a vital role in innate immune sensing of exogenous or endogenous DNA, which then induces type I interferons and other cytokines. In this paper, we described a series of amidobenzimidazole STING agonists with high potency for the STING receptor and presented the relevant structure-activity relationships (SARs). The relative potencies of compounds I, II, and III were measured by a STING competition binding assay. A more thorough study of the effect on the STING signaling pathway demonstrated that three compounds, I, II, and III, significantly increased the protein levels and mRNA levels of IFN-尾, CXCL10, and IL-6, and II as a representative compound effectively triggered the phosphorylation of STING, TBK1, and IRF3 in both human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) and WT THP-1 cells. In addition, compound II demonstrated impressive antitumor efficacy in mice with established syngeneic colon tumors by i.v. administration. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic profile of compound II was fully evaluated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 6-chloro-5-nitronicotinate (cas: 59237-53-5Product Details of 59237-53-5).

Methyl 6-chloro-5-nitronicotinate (cas: 59237-53-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Product Details of 59237-53-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics