Chlorides-buliding-blocks

Chen, Tiffany Q. published the artcileA Metallaphotoredox Strategy for the Cross-Electrophile Coupling of α-Chloro Carbonyls with Aryl Halides, Application of 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2019), 58(41), 14584-14588, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Here, we demonstrate that a metallaphotoredox-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling mechanism provides a unified method for the α-arylation of diverse activated alkyl chlorides, including α-chloroketones, α-chloroesters, α-chloroamides, α-chlorocarboxylic acids, and benzylic chlorides. This strategy, which is effective for a wide variety of aryl bromide coupling partners, is predicated upon a halogen atom abstraction/nickel radical-capture mechanism that is generically successful across an extensive range of carbonyl substrates. The construction and use of arylacetic acid products have further enabled two-step protocols for the delivery of valuable building blocks for medicinal chem., such as aryldifluoromethyl and diarylmethane motifs.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 939-99-1. 939-99-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClF3, Application of 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lightowler, J. E. published the artcileAnalogs of γ-aminobutyric acid [as anticonvulsant agents], Synthetic Route of 6249-56-5, the publication is Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie (1963), 145(1/2), 233-42, database is CAplus.

Owing to the role of p-aminobutyric acid (I) in the central nervous system, experiments were made on the action of various I derivatives and other compounds against convulsive agents such as strychnine (II), leptazol (III), and Megimide (IV). The compounds were usually injected into the tail veins of mice. The compounds tested (full chem. names given) for anticonvulsant activity and for 24-hr. L.D.₅₀ values in mice were mostly compounds of the DF series. In some experiments the anticonvulsant effects were determined by oral administration. None of the L.D. series of compounds had any strongly antagonistic action against II, III, or IV, although in certain cases limited antagonistic effects were obtained. I itself gave no protection against II convulsions. Troxidone (V) was active against both III and IV, which may be of interest since V is chemically related to DF 666 (2-pyrroli-dinone) which has been suggested as a biol. precursor of I. Except for I, the compounds showed little activity against histamine or acetylcholine applied to the isolated guinea pig ileum. I alone had a direct effect on the isolated ileum. Following previous stimulation, the application of I caused an extremely rapid contraction and relaxation. Up to about 100 mg./ml., this effect increased with the concentration of I, but could only be repeated after a considerable time had elapsed between subsequent applications. 19 references.

Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Synthetic Route of 6249-56-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Farquharson, Muriel E. published the artcileThe effects of some derivatives of γ-aminobutyric acid on the slowly adapting stretch receptor of Astacus fluviatilis, Product Details of C7H16ClNO2, the publication is Journal of Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry (1961), 31-40, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

γ-Aminobutyric acid (I) and some N-substituted amide and ester derivs, of the acid were studied for changes effected in the rate of impulses set up in response to constant stretching of the crayfish stretch receptor. Tests showed that γ-substitution increased the frequency of the impulse, I and two butyramides decreased the frequency of the impulse, and simultaneous substitution of both terminal groups of I had no noticeable effect on the impulse frequency. γ-Piperidinobutyronitrile (22.7 g.) was dissolved in 20 ml. MeOH, 48 ml. methanolic HCl added slowly with cooling, the mixture allowed to stand 1.25 hrs., refluxed 0.75 hr., cooled, the solid dissolved in a minimum of H₂O, the mixture made alk. with NH₃, extracted twice with 50 ml. Et₂O and twice with 40 ml. CHCl₃, the solvent removed, and the residue distilled in vacuo to give 21.5 g. Me γ-piperidinobutyrate (II), b_1-2 824°. The HCl salt, m. 146-8°, was made by dissolving II in iso-Pr₂O, neutralizing with HCl in iso-PrCl, washing the solid with Et₂O, and recrystallizing from EtOH-Et₂O. II (10 g.) and 50 ml. 0.880N NH₃ warmed on a steam bath 8 hrs., the mixture evaporated to dryness in vacuo, and the residue triturated with Me₂CO and recrystd, from dry Me₂ CO gave γ-piperidinobutyramide (III), m. 70-2°; III.HCl m. 190-2 °. Et γ-aminobutyrate-HCl (6.1 g.) and 25 ml. 0.880N NH₃ shaken 3 hrs. at room temperature in a closed vessel, the mixture evaporated to dryness in vacuo, the residue dissolved in iso-PrOH, filtered through Kieselguhr, dry HCl in iso-PrOH added to slight excess, and the solid recrystallized 3 times from iso-PrOH-Et₂O gave 0.68 g. γ-aminobutyramide-HCl, m. 126-9°. Prepared by the same method was γ-morpholinobutyric acid-HCl, m. 131-3°. Me γ-chlorobutyrate (8.2 g.) dissolved in 20 ml. dry Me₂CO, 10 g. NaI in 50 ml. Me₂CO added at room temperature with stirring, the mixture refluxed 1.5 hrs. and filtered, the solvent removed in vacuo, the residue taken up in 20 ml. MeOH, 120 ml. 33% MeNH₂ in MeOH added, the mixture refluxed 24 hrs. (dry ice trap), the quaternary iodide precipitated by addition of excess dry Et₂O, an aqueous solution of this iodide stirred 4 hrs. at room temperature with excess Ag₂O, filtered, evaporated to dryness in vacuo, the residue dissolved in 10 ml. MeOH, acidified with HCl in isoPr₂O, a small amount of dry Et₂O added to complete precipitation, the solid washed with dry Et₂O, and the product crystallized twice from absolute EtOH gave 2.2 g. γ-butyrobetaine-HCl, m. 21214°. γ-Chlorobutyric acid dissolved in 30 ml. C₆H₆, 30 ml. SOCl₂ added dropwise with stirring during 30 min., the mixture stirred an addnl. 2 hrs., allowed to stand overnight at room temperature, the excess SOCl₂ removed as an azeotrope with C₆H₆, and the residue distilled in vacuo gave the acid chloride (IIIa), b_1.5 40-2°. IIIa (22 g.) dissolved in 100 ml. dry Me₂CO, 26 g. piperidine in 100 ml. Me₂CO added dropwise with stirring and cooling, the solid filtered, the intermediate γ-chlorobutyrylpiperidine treated immediately with 27 g. NaI, the mixture allowed to stand at room temperature 2 hrs., filtered, 13 g. piperidine added, the mixture refluxed 11 hrs., cooled, Et₂O added in excess to precipitate the piperidine HCl salt, the solid filtered, and the filtrate distilled and then fractionated in vacuo gave γ-piperidinobutyrylpiperidine (IV), b_1.5 162°, n²¹_D 1.4999; IV.HCl m. 177-8°. Also prepared was Et γ-dimethylaminobutyrate methiodide, m. 151-2°.

Journal of Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Product Details of C7H16ClNO2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Saunders, K. G. published the artcilePoly(alkyl α-bromoacrylates). 2. Preparation and properties of the methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, and n-pentyl esters of varied tacticity, Computed Properties of 18791-02-1, the publication is Macromolecules (1982), 15(1), 1-10, database is CAplus.

Polymers of widely ranging tacticities, from highly isotactic to highly syndiotactic, were synthesized from Me [4519-46-4], Et [5459-35-8], Pr [13401-88-2], iso-Pr [79762-79-1], Bu [6420-76-4], and n-pentyl α-bromoacrylate  [13401-89-3]. The isotactic polymers were synthesized with a modified Grignard complex consisting a Grignard reagent and benzalacetophenone  [94-41-7]. A low-temperature, photolytically induced, free radical polymerization reaction was employed for the preparation of the syndiotactic polymers. Only atactic poly(tert-Bu α-bromoacrylate) [79794-49-3] could be synthesized because of the failure of the corresponding monomer to polymerize with the modified Grignard complex or at temperatures <20°. Polymer tacticity was determined by 19-Hz ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Complete assignments for the ten pentad peaks of the carbonyl carbon resonance were achieved for all but the iso-Pr ester polymer while a complete anal. of the tetrad tacticity for the backbone methylene carbon resonance was possible for all but the Me ester polymer. The polymerization reaction mechanisms were discussed in terms of the propagation statistics which were calculated from the exptl. tetrads and pentads.

Macromolecules published new progress about 18791-02-1. 18791-02-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2,3-Dibromopropionylchloride, and the molecular formula is C3H3Br2ClO, Computed Properties of 18791-02-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ansideri, Francesco published the artcileStructural Optimization of a Pyridinylimidazole Scaffold: Shifting the Selectivity from p38α Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase to c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 3, Computed Properties of 6313-54-8, the publication is ACS Omega (2018), 3(7), 7809-7831, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Starting from known p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, a series of inhibitors of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 3 was obtained. Altering the substitution pattern of the pyridinylimidazole scaffold proved to be effective in shifting the inhibitory activity from the original target p38α MAPK to the closely related JNK3. In particular, a significant improvement for JNK3 selectivity could be achieved by addressing the hydrophobic region I with a small Me group. Furthermore, addnl. structural modifications permitted to explore structure-activity relationships. The most potent inhibitor 4-(4-methyl-2-(methylthio)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-N-(4-morpholinophenyl)pyridin-2-amine showed an IC₅₀ value for the JNK3 in the low triple digit nanomolar range and its binding mode was confirmed by x-ray crystallog.

ACS Omega published new progress about 6313-54-8. 6313-54-8 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Chloride,Carboxylic acid, name is 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid, and the molecular formula is C6H4ClNO2, Computed Properties of 6313-54-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Xiao, Jing published the artcilePhosphonic acid mediated practical dehalogenation and benzylation with benzyl halides, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is RSC Advances (2019), 9(39), 22343-22347, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

For the first time, by using H₃PO₃/I₂ system, various benzyl chlorides and bromides RCH₂X (R = C₆H₅, 4-O₂NC₆H₄, 1-naphthyl, etc.; X = Cl, Br) were dehalogenated successfully. In the presence of H₃PO₃, benzyl halides underwent electrophilic substitution reactions with electron-rich arenes, leading to a broad range of diarylmethanes RCH₂R¹ (R¹ = C₆H₅, 2,4,6-(CH₃)₃C₆H₂, 4-CH₃OC₆H₄, etc.) in good yields. These transformations feature green, cheap reducing reagents and metal-free conditions.

RSC Advances published new progress about 939-99-1. 939-99-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C14H26O2, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chen, Guanghui published the artcileSynthesis of Functional Olefin Copolymers with Controllable Topologies Using a Chain-Walking Catalyst, Name: trimethyloxosulphonium chloride, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2003), 125(22), 6697-6704, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The branching topol. of ethylene polar copolymers was for the first time successfully controlled by copolymerization of ethylene with polar olefins using a palladium-bisimine chain-walking catalyst, in which ethylene pressure and comonomer concentration were used to control the competition between isomerization (chain-walking) and monomer insertion processes. Although the overall branching d. changes slightly, the topol. of the copolymers becomes more dendritic as the ethylene pressure and comonomer feed concentration are decreasing. This provides a straightforward one-pot synthesis to access a full range of functional copolymers having controllable branching topologies. To demonstrate the utility of this methodol., dendritic functional copolymers having hydroxyl, epoxide, and carbohydrate groups were prepared in a one-pot polymerization as potential functional materials.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 5034-06-0. 5034-06-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Salt,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is trimethyloxosulphonium chloride, and the molecular formula is C3H9ClOS, Name: trimethyloxosulphonium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Shuai published the artcileDiscovery of new [1,2,4] Triazolo[1,5-a]Pyrimidine derivatives that Kill gastric cancer cells via the mitochondria pathway, Safety of 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, the publication is European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2020), 112630, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A novel series of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-based compoundsI [R¹ = benzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, 4-chlorobenzyl, etc.; R² = Me, Et, Ph; R³ = H, Me] and II [R⁴ = Ph, (4-(3-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl), (4-(3-(5-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl), etc.] were synthesized and tested their anti-proliferation efficacy against gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. Among them, compounds II [R⁴ = (4-(3-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl), (4-(3-(5-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl)] inhibited gastric cancer cells at micromolar level. Compound II [R⁴ = (4-(3-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl)] caused G2/M arrest and induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in MGC-803 and SGC-7901. However, inhibiting apoptosis pathway cannot prevent the inhibitory activity of compound II [R⁴ = (4-(3-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl)] against gastric cancer cell. To our surprising, ROS level was increased by compound II [R⁴ = (4-(3-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl)] and elevation of ROS could be rescued by NAC. In accordance with that, NAC absolutely prevented the anti-proliferation efficacy of compound 4o. We further found that autophagy inhibitor CQ rather than 3-MA partially reversed inhibitory activity of compound II [R⁴ = (4-(3-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl)] in MGC-803 cells. Taken together, compound II [R⁴ = (4-(3-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl)] exhibited its anti-proliferative activity via increasing ROS level and inducing autophagy, thus leading to apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Therefore, compound II [R⁴ = (4-(3-(6-bromo-2-pyridyl)prop-2-enoyl)phenyl)] may support further development of lead compounds for gastric cancer therapy via mitochondria pathway.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 939-99-1. 939-99-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C6H12F3NO5S, Safety of 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wu, Jie published the artcileSynthesis and biological evaluation of ursolic acid derivatives containing an aminoguanidine moiety, Application of 3-Chlorobenzylchloride, the publication is Medicinal Chemistry Research (2019), 28(7), 959-973, database is CAplus.

Three series of ursolic acid derivatives containing an aminoguanidine moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. Some compounds displayed potent anti-bacterial activity against Gram-pos. bacterial strains (including multidrug-resistant clin. isolates) and Gram-neg. bacterial strains, with min. inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 2-64 μg/mL. Compounds 3a, 5a, and 7l showed significant inhibitory activity against the Gram-pos. bacterial strain Staphylococcus aureus RN 4220, the Gram-neg. bacterial strain Escherichia coli 1924, and four multidrug-resistant Gram-pos. bacterial strains, with MIC values of 2 and 4 μg/mL. In anti-inflammatory tests, most of the compounds exhibited potent activity, in particular compound 3a displayed the most potent activity with 81.61% inhibition after i.p. administration, which was more potent than ursolic acid and the reference drugs (ibuprofen and indomethacin). The cytotoxic activity of compound 3a was assessed in HeLa, Hep3B, and A549 cells.

Medicinal Chemistry Research published new progress about 620-20-2. 620-20-2 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 3-Chlorobenzylchloride, and the molecular formula is C21H26BF4NO, Application of 3-Chlorobenzylchloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gou, Fei-Hu published the artcileNickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of amino-acid-derived alkylzinc reagents with alkyl bromides/chlorides: Access to diverse unnatural amino acids, Product Details of C7H4ClF3, the publication is Organic Letters (2022), 24(1), 240-244, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Unnatural α-amino acids are important synthetic targets in the field of peptide science. Herein we report an efficient, versatile, and straightforward strategy for the synthesis of homophenylalanine derivatives via the nickel-catalyzed Csp³-Csp³ cross-coupling of (fluoro)benzyl bromides/chlorides with natural α-amino-acid-derived alkylzinc reagents. The current protocol features the advantages of a low-cost nickel catalyst system, synthetic convenience, and the tolerance of rich functionality and stereochem.

Organic Letters published new progress about 243139-71-1. 243139-71-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 2,4,5-Trifluorobenzyl chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H4ClF3, Product Details of C7H4ClF3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics