Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

A novel series of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine sulfonamides as potential antimalarial agents: in silico studies, synthesis and in vitro evaluation was written by Karpina, Veronika R.;Kovalenko, Svitlana S.;Kovalenko, Sergiy M.;Drushlyak, Oleksandr G.;Bunyatyan, Natalya D.;Georgiyants, Victoriya A.;Ivanov, Vladimir V.;Langer, Thierry;Maes, Louis. And the article was included in Molecules in 2020.Computed Properties of C8H9Cl This article mentions the following:

For the development of new and potent antimalarial drugs, the virtual library with three points of randomization of novel [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridines bearing a sulfonamide fragment, e.g., I has been described. The library of 1561 compounds has been investigated by both virtual screening and mol. docking methods using falcipain-2 as a target enzyme. 25 Chosen hits were synthesized and evaluated for their antimalarial activity in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum. 3-Ethyl-N-(3-fluorobenzyl)-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine-6-sulfonamide and 2-(3-chlorobenzyl)-8-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3(2H)-one showed in vitro good antimalarial activity with inhibitory concentration IC₅₀ = 2.24 and 4.98μM, resp. This new series of compounds may serve as a starting point for future antimalarial drug discovery programs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Computed Properties of C8H9Cl).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Computed Properties of C8H9Cl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Development of polymer-based new high performance thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes by vapor phase interfacial polymerization for the removal of heavy metal ions was written by Karki, Sachin;Ingole, Pravin G.. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2022.Name: Trimesoylchloride This article mentions the following:

The vapor phase interfacial polymerization is the new method for the development of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) and thin-film composite (TFC) membranes. Generally, interfacial polymerization (IP) is done between aqueous phase monomers and organic phase monomers (containing organic solvent like n-hexane) but in this work, IP was done between aqueous phase monomer with vapor phase of organic monomer (TMC) which is the greener method. First time TFN membranes were prepared by vapor phase interfacial polymerization method. TiO₂ nanoparticles act as very good nanofillers to prepare the polymeric nanocomposite membranes to tackle the problem of heavy metal pollution in water. However, their weak interaction with the matrix phase is an issue that causes them to leach out during the filtration process of pressure-driven nanofiltration membrane. Functionalizing the TiO₂ nanoparticles with polar functional groups is a solution to this issue. After synthesizing carboxylic acid-functionalized TiO₂ (COOH-TiO₂) nanoparticles were incorporated in the TFN membranes while IP using DETA and TMC containing amine and acyl group monomers, resp. to modify the membrane surface. The effect of different loading concentrations of COOH-TiO₂ nanoparticles in TFN has been studied and compared with the TFC membrane. The prepared membranes are subjected to a cross-filtration system for removing Na⁺, Cu⁺², Hg⁺², and Pb⁺² from their resp. Na₂SO₄, CuSO₄, HgCl₂, and Pb(NO₃)₂ feed solutions The results of TFN membranes were compared with the TFC membrane. The outcomes have shown 87.03 ± 2% rejection of Na⁺, 86.89 ± 2% rejection of Cu⁺², 77.01 ± 2% rejection of Hg⁺² and 83.42 ± 1.5% rejection of Pb⁺² ions by using TFN membranes. The effect of the monomeric concentration on the performance of the developed membranes was also studied. The antifouling tendency of the membranes was analyzed as well by measuring different antifouling parameters like total fouling (F_T), flux recovery ratio (F_RR), reversible fouling (F_R) and irreversible fouling (F_IR). The results obtained are outstanding; incorporating nanomaterial results in lowering the irreversible fouling and enhancing the antifouling tendency. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Name: Trimesoylchloride).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Name: Trimesoylchloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Double C-S bond formation via multiple Csp³-H bond cleavage: synthesis of 4-hydroxythiazoles from amides and elemental sulfur under metal-free conditions was written by Chen, Liang;Xuchen, Xinyu;Wang, Fei;Yang, Yuan;Deng, Guobo;Liu, Yilin;Liang, Yun. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2021.Application of 6834-42-0 This article mentions the following:

A novel and efficient approach for the synthesis of 4-hydroxythiazoles I (R¹ = Ph, 1H-indol-3-yl, 1-naphthyl, etc.; R² = Ph, furan-2-yl, benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl, etc.) from amides R¹CH₂C(O)NHCH₂C(O)R² and elemental sulfur has been developed. In the presence of P₂O₅, DMSO and HMPA, this metal-free protocol proceeds smoothly and tolerates a spectrum of functional groups. Furthermore, this strategy involves the process of double Csp³-S bond formation through the cleavage of multiple Csp³-H bonds for the first time. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0Application of 6834-42-0).

2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Application of 6834-42-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cardioselective K_ATP Channel Blockers Derived from a New Series of m-Anisamidoethylbenzenesulfonylthioureas was written by Englert, Heinrich C.;Gerlach, Uwe;Goegelein, Heinz;Hartung, Jens;Heitsch, Holger;Mania, Dieter;Scheidler, Sabine. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2001.Product Details of 3438-16-2 This article mentions the following:

Sulfonylthioureas exhibiting cardioselective blockade of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K_ATP channels) were discovered by stepwise structural variations of the antidiabetic sulfonylurea glibenclamide. As screening assays, reversal of rilmakalim-induced shortening of the cardiac action potential in guinea pig papillary muscles was used to probe for activity on cardiac K_ATP channels as the target, and membrane depolarization in CHO cells stably transfected with hSUR1/hKir6.2 was used to probe for unwanted side effects on pancreatic K_ATP channels. Changing glibenclamide’s para-arrangement of substituents in the central aromatic ring to a meta-pattern associated with size reduction of the substituent at the terminal nitrogen atom of the sulfonylurea moiety was found to achieve cardioselectivity. An addnl. change from a sulfonylurea moiety to a sulfonylthiourea moiety along with an appropriate substituent in the ortho-position of the central aromatic system was a successful strategy to further improve potency on the cardiac K_ATP channel. Among this series of sulfonylthioureas HMR1883, 1-[5-[2-(5-chloro-o-anisamido)ethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]sulfonyl-3-methylthiourea, and its sodium salt HMR1098 were selected for development and represent a completely new therapeutic approach toward the prevention of life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary heart disease. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Product Details of 3438-16-2).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Product Details of 3438-16-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Spontaneous Assembly of Rotaxanes from a Primary Amine, Crown Ether and Electrophile was written by Fielden, Stephen D. P.;Leigh, David A.;McTernan, Charlie T.;Perez-Saavedra, Borja;Vitorica-Yrezabal, Inigo J.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2018.Reference of 2168-06-1 This article mentions the following:

We report the synthesis of crown ether-ammonium, amide and amine [2]rotaxanes via transition state stabilization of axle-forming reactions. In contrast to the two-step “clipping” and “capping” strategies generally used for rotaxane synthesis, here the components assemble into the interlocked mol. in a single, reagent-less, step under kinetic control. The crown ether accelerates the reaction of the axle-forming components through the cavity to give the threaded product in a form of metal-free active template synthesis. Rotaxane formation can proceed through the stabilization of different transition states featuring 5-coordinate (e.g., S_N2) or 4-coordinate (e.g., acylation, Michael addition) carbon. Examples prepared using the approach include crown-ether-peptide rotaxanes and switchable mol. shuttles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,3,3-Tris(4-chlorophenyl)propionic acid (cas: 2168-06-1Reference of 2168-06-1).

3,3,3-Tris(4-chlorophenyl)propionic acid (cas: 2168-06-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Reference of 2168-06-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Development of lipophilic prodrugs of mitomycin C. III. Physicochemical and biological properties of newly synthesized alkoxycarbonyl derivatives was written by Sasaki, Hitoshi;Fukumoto, Mari;Hashida, Mitsuru;Kimura, Toshikiro;Sezaki, Hitoshi. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1983.Application of 57045-82-6 This article mentions the following:

Five alkoxycarbonyl derivatives of mitomycin C possessing various lipophilic promoieties including benzyloxycarbonyl [86476-06-4], propyloxycarbonyl [88700-49-6], pentyloxycarbonyl [88700-50-9], nonyloxycarbonyl [88700-51-0] and cholesteryloxycarbonylmitomycin C  [88700-48-5] were synthesized and their physicochem. and biol. characteristics were examined All compounds showed increases of octanol/water partition coefficients, lipophilic indexes (k₀) in high-performance liquid chromatog. and lipid solubilities to various degrees depending on their promoiety structure. The prodrugs showed increased lipohilicity with increase in the length of the alkyl chain. They showed only slight antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli B, but all the compounds except for cholesteryloxycarbonyl mitomycin C showed significant activity in vivo against a L1210 leukemia system at a relatively low dose range. These derivatives showed enzyme-mediated conversion to the parent compound in rat plasma and liver homogenate, while they were chem. stable in neutral aqueous media. Essentially no bioactivation was observed for cholesteryloxycarbonyl mitomycin C. Species differences were observed in these bioactivation phenomena. These results suggested the potential utility of the derivatives as lipophilic prodrugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chloroformicacidn-nonylester (cas: 57045-82-6Application of 57045-82-6).

Chloroformicacidn-nonylester (cas: 57045-82-6) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application of 57045-82-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The Bis(η⁶-benzene)lithium Cation: A Fundamental Main-Group Organometallic Species was written by Jie, Xiaoming;Li, Jun;Daniliuc, Constantin G.;Wuebker, Anna-Lena;Hansen, Michael Ryan;Eckert, Hellmut;Mueck-Lichtenfeld, Christian;Kehr, Gerald;Erker, Gerhard. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Electric Literature of C19H15Cl This article mentions the following:

The synthesis and characterization of the bis(η⁶-benzene)lithium cation, the benzene metallocene of the lightest metal, is reported. The boron compound FmesBCl₂ [Fmes: 2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] reacted with three molar equivalents of the lithio-acetylene reagent Li-CC-Fmxyl [Fmxyl: 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]. Subsequent crystallization from benzene gave the [bis(η⁶-benzene)Li]⁺ cation with the [{FmesB(-CC-Fmxyl)₃}₂Li]^– anion. This parent [(arene)₂Li]⁺ cation shows an eclipsed arrangement of the pair of benzene ligands at the central lithium cation with uniform carbon-lithium bond lengths. The corresponding [(η⁶-toluene)₂Li]⁺ and [(η⁶-durene)₂Li]⁺ containing salts were similarly prepared The bis(arene)lithium cations were characterized by x-ray diffraction, by solid-state ⁷Li MAS NMR spectroscopy and their bonding features were analyzed by DFT calculations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Electric Literature of C19H15Cl).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Electric Literature of C19H15Cl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Anti-inflammatory hybrids of secondary amines and amide-sulfamide derivatives was written by Bai, Renren;Sun, Jian;Liang, Zhongxing;Yoon, Younghyoun;Salgado, Eric;Feng, Amber;Oum, Yoonhyeun;Xie, Yuanyuan;Shim, Hyunsuk. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Reference of 777-44-6 This article mentions the following:

The CXCR4/CXCL12 chemokine axis can chemotactically accumulate inflammatory cells to local tissues and regulate the release of inflammatory factors. Developing novel CXCR4 modulators may provide a desirable strategy to control the development of inflammation. A series of novel hybrids were designed by integrating the key pharmacophores of three CXCR4 modulators. The majority of compounds displayed potent CXCR4 binding affinity. Compound 7a (N-(4-(phenylsulfonamidomethyl)benzyl)-4-((pyrimidin-2-ylamino)methyl)benzamide) exhibited 1000-fold greater affinity than AMD3100 and significantly inhibited invasion of CXCR4-pos. tumor cells. Addnl., compound 7a blocked mice ear inflammation by 67% and suppressed the accumulation of inflammatory cells in an in vivo mouse ear edema evaluation. Western blot analyses revealed that 7a inhibited the CXCR4/CXCL12-mediated phosphorylation of Akt and p44 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, compound 7a had no observable cytotoxicity and displayed a favorable plasma stability in the authors’ preliminary pharmacokinetic study. These results confirmed that this is a feasible method to develop CXCR4 modulators for the regulation and reduction of inflammation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Reference of 777-44-6).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Reference of 777-44-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of some pyrazoles, pyrazolones and oxadiazoles bearing 2-arylamino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole nuclei as possible antimicrobial agents was written by Nair, Smitha;Garg, S. P.;Sah, Pramilla. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2002.Formula: C9H8ClNO4 This article mentions the following:

2-Arylamino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-(3′-nitrophenyl)-4′-carbohydrazide (IV) was cyclized with pentane-2,4-dione to give the substituted pyrazoles (V). Reaction of IV with Et acetoacetate lead to the formation of 2-arylamino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-(3′-nitrophenyl)-1”-carbonyl-3”-methyl-5(4H)-pyrazolones (VI). The hydrazide IV was also converted to 2”-(2-arylamino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol)-3′-nitrophenyl-1”,3”,4”-oxadiazolin-5”-thiones (VII) in presence of carbon disulfide and potassium hydroxide. Subsequent reaction of the thiones VII with secondary amines in presence of formaldehyde gave the title compounds All the compounds were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Some of them are effective against the microbes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoate (cas: 16588-16-2Formula: C9H8ClNO4).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoate (cas: 16588-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Formula: C9H8ClNO4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Identification of diarylsulfonamides as agonists of the free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120) was written by Sparks, Steven M.;Chen, Grace;Collins, Jon L.;Danger, Dana;Dock, Steven T.;Jayawickreme, Channa;Jenkinson, Stephen;Laudeman, Christopher;Leesnitzer, M. Anthony;Liang, Xi;Maloney, Patrick;McCoy, David C.;Moncol, David;Rash, Vincent;Rimele, Thomas;Vulimiri, Padmaja;Way, James M.;Ross, Sean. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2014.Computed Properties of C10H13ClO3S This article mentions the following:

The exploration of a diarylsulfonamide series of free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120) agonists is described. This work led to the identification of selective FFA4 agonist 8 (GSK137647A) and selective FFA4 antagonist 39. The in vitro profile of compounds 8 and 39 is presented herein. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 1138-56-3Computed Properties of C10H13ClO3S).

4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 1138-56-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Computed Properties of C10H13ClO3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics