Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Tailoring shape and exposed crystal facet of single-crystal layered-oxide cathode particles for all-solid-state batteries was written by Jeon, Hoyeol;Kwon, Deok-Hwang;Kim, Hyoungchul;Lee, Jong-Ho;Jun, Yongseok;Son, Ji-Won;Park, Sangbaek. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2022.Synthetic Route of ClLi The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The design of composite cathode microstructures is important for improving the performance of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). The microstructural properties can provide efficient ionic/electronic percolation, good cathode/solid electrolyte (SE) contact, and minimal void spaces. Although the effects of the size of cathode and SE particles have been extensively investigated, the shape effects of cathode particles remain unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the shape and exposed crystal facet of cathode particles affect the electrochem. performance of ASSBs using crack-free single-crystalline LiNi₀.₆Co₀.₂Mn₀.₂O₂ (NCM) as the cathode and oxidation-tolerant Li₃YCl₆ as the SE. Systematic studies using five particle shapes (octahedra, plates, rods, spherical single crystals, and spherical polycrystals) reveal the important effects of the shape and exposed facets on the solid-solid contact as well as Li⁺ ion diffusion in composite cathodes. Single-crystalline octahedral NCM particles have a higher rate capability than that of their counterparts because their wide planar surface promoted plane-to-plane contact with the SE and the (0 1 2) facets provided straightforward 3D Li⁺ transfer channels between the surface and the center. These results suggest that single-crystal NCM cathodes with advanced shapes and exposed facets can enable the fabrication of ASSBs with superior performance. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Synthetic Route of ClLi).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Synthetic Route of ClLi

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Electrochemical aptasensor based on gold modified thiol graphene as sensing platform and gold-palladium modified zirconium metal-organic frameworks nanozyme as signal enhancer for ultrasensitive detection of mercury ions was written by Wang, Yaoguang;Wang, Yingying;Wang, Fangzheng;Chi, Hong;Zhao, Guanhui;Zhang, Yong;Li, Tianduo;Wei, Qin. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2022.Application of 13820-53-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Gold modified thiol graphene (Au@HS-rGO) was prepared and applied as sensing platform for constructing the electrochem. aptasensor. While gold-palladium modified zirconium metal-organic frameworks (AuPd@UiO-67) nanozyme was employed as signal enhancer for detecting mercury ions (Hg²⁺) sensitively. Herein, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were modified on HS-rGO to form the thin Au@HS-rGO layer. Then the substrate strand (Apt1) was modified on the platform through Au-S bond. The signal strand (Apt2) was further decorated on the platform in the presence of Hg²⁺. Herein, the Apt2 was labeled with AuPd@UiO-67 nanozyme, which exhibited catalase-like properties to catalyze H₂O₂, thereby generating the elec. signal. With the concentration of Hg²⁺ increased, the amount of modified Apt2-AuPd@UiO-67 increased, leading to the rise of current response. Since the current responses were linear with concentration of Hg²⁺, the detection of Hg²⁺ can be achieved. Under the optimum conditions, the prepared electrochem. aptasensor exhibited wide linear range from 1.0 nmol/L to 1.0 mmol/L, along with a low detection limit of 0.16 nmol/L. Moreover, the electrochem. aptasensor showed excellent selectivity, reproducibility and stability, together with superior performance in actual water sample anal. Therefore, this proposed electrochem. aptasensor may have promising applications and provide references for environmental monitoring and management. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Application of 13820-53-6).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Application of 13820-53-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hydrothermal interconversion of FAU-type zeolite in the presence of sodium and tetramethylammonium ions was written by Kweon, Sungjoon;An, Hyejin;Son, Yeo Myeong;Park, Min Bum;Min, Hyung-Ki. And the article was included in Microporous and Mesoporous Materials in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Hydrothermal interzeolite transformation is one of the well-known methods for synthesizing zeolites with novel structures and/or compositions Since various crystallization factors can affect the interzeolite conversion process like in general hydrothermal synthesis, it is important to examine them. In this study, the interconversion process is explored of the FAU-type zeolite in the simplest interzeolite transformation system, containing tetramethylammonium (TMA⁺) and Na⁺ ions as structure-directing agents. The effects of various synthetic parameters, such as the concentration of OH^–, Na⁺, and TMA⁺ ions, the Si/Al ratio, crystallization time and temperature, and types of inorganic and organic cations were investigated during the interzeolite crystallization In the optimal synthetic condition, the initial structure of parent high silica zeolite Y was transformed in the order of X-ray amorphous → low silica FAU → MAZ → SOD. The solid products obtained under the various crystallization conditions were characterized by powder XRD, SEM, framework IR, ²⁹Si MAS NMR, elemental and thermal analyses, etc. to investigate the prevailing factor in each transformation step. The proper concentration of OH^– in the synthetic mother liquor was determined to be the governing factor necessary to initiate the interzeolite transformation, and to expect a certain zeolitic phase by the structure-directing of inorganic and/or organic cations. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mechanistic insight into the roles of anions and cations in the degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) catalyzed by ionic liquids was written by Ju, Zhaoyang;Zhou, Lei;Lu, Xingmei;Li, Yao;Yao, Xiaoqian;Cheng, Shenyu;Chen, Gangwei;Ge, Chengsheng. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2021.Formula: C4H12ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Ionic liquids (ILs) have shown high catalytic activity in the degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), but the effects of the anions and cations, as well as the mechanism, remain ambiguous. Glycolysis is an important recycling method that converts waste PET into monomers through various chem. reactions. To reveal the role of ILs and the mol. mechanism of the glycolysis of PET, d. functional theory (DFT) calculations have been carried out for the possible pathways for the generation of bis(hydroxyethyl)terephthalate (BHET) catalyzed by isolated anions/cations and ion pairs at different sites. The pathway with the lowest barrier for the glycolysis of PET is the cleavage of the C-O ester bond, which generates the BHET monomer. The synergistic effects of the cations and anions play a critical role in the glycolysis of PET. The cations mainly attack the carbonyl oxygen of PET to catalyze the reaction, and the anions mainly form strong H-bonds with PET and ethylene glycol (EG). In terms of the mechanism, the H-bonds render the hydroxyl oxygen of EG more electroneg. The cation coordinates the carbonyl oxygen of the ester, and the hydroxyl oxygen of EG attacks the ester group carbon of PET, with proton transfer to the carbonyl oxygen. A four-membered-ring transition state would be formed by PET, EG, and the IL catalyst, which regularly accelerates the degradation of PET. These results provide fundamental help in understanding the roles of ILs and the mechanism of IL-catalyzed PET degradation This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Formula: C4H12ClN).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Formula: C4H12ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pharmacological and Molecular docking studies of new copper (II) complexes of N²-Phenyl-N⁴,N⁶-di(thiazol-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine was written by Vathanaruba, M.;Raja, S. Johnson;Princess, R.;Tharmaraj, P.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.Related Products of 2272-40-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cu(II) complexes of tri substituted 1,3,5 triazine based ligand (PDTTA) N²-Phenyl-N⁴,N⁶-di(thiazol-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine were synthesized. The structural features of the ligand and its metal complexes were characterized by micro anal. data, magnetic susceptibility measurements, molar conductance, IR, UV-Visible, ¹HNMR, Mass and EPR spectral techniques. The nonelectrolytic behavior of the complexes was confirmed from their conductance data. The electrochem. behavior of the complexes was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The free ligand and its metal complexes were screened for their in vitro biol. activity against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by well diffusion method. The free ligand and the Cu(II) complexes were screened for in vivo anticonvulsant activity by maximal electroshock method and showed significant activity. Carrageenan induced rat paw edema is the most widely used primary test to screen inflammation which measures the ability of the compounds to reduce local edema induced in the rat paw by carrageenan. The ligand and Cu[(PDTTA)(ac)₂] are identified as a new lead structure, demonstrated antiinflammatory properties in preliminary studies in mice. Mol. docking study was conducted to study the mol. mechanism of antiinflammatory activity. Cu[(PDTTA)(ac)₂] is potent inhibitor of PDE4 enzyme which is involved in the inflammation process. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,6-Dichloro-N-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (cas: 2272-40-4Related Products of 2272-40-4).

4,6-Dichloro-N-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (cas: 2272-40-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Related Products of 2272-40-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aggregation and adsorption properties of benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium tetrachloromanganate(II) metallosurfactant in water-ethylene glycol medium was written by Wagay, Tariq Ahmad;Charingia, Anushmita;Suting, Smarling;Askari, Hassan. And the article was included in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology in 2021.Safety of N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The aggregation and adsorption properties of metallosurfactant, benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium tetrachloromanganate(II) (BDHA₂[MnCl₄], where BDHA represents benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium group) in binary aqueous mixtures of ethylene glycol (EG) were investigated by tensiometric, conductometric, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods at 298.15 K. The percentage of EG (by weight) was varied between 0 and 100%. The physicochem. properties determined and discussed include critical micelle concentration (cmc), counterion binding constant (β), Gibbs free energy of micellization (), surface excess at cmc (), min. area per surfactant mol. (), surface pressure (πcmc), min. free energies (Gmin) and size of aggregates. This study revealed that with increase in percentage of EG the cmc of BDHA₂[MnCl₄] metallosurfactant increases and the cmc of BDHA₂[MnCl₄] in EG is about 158 times higher than that in water. The counterion binding constant values increase with increase in percentage of EG from 10% to 70% and thereafter decrease. The adsorption of metallosurfactant at the air-solution interface decreases as the EG content in the bulk increases. The values were found to be neg. and the neg. value decreases with increase in percentage of EG. Gordon parameter and ratio of surface tension of medium to that of the metallosurfactant solution at cmc are used to represent solvophobicity of the medium. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 122-18-9Safety of N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride).

N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 122-18-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Safety of N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Development and optimization of ionic liquid-based emulsion liquid membrane process for efficient recovery of lactic acid from aqueous streams was written by Khan, Huma Warsi;Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar;Bustam, Mohamad Azmi;Goto, Masahiro;Moniruzzaman, Muhammad. And the article was included in Biochemical Engineering Journal in 2021.Computed Properties of C4H12ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Development of ionic liquid-based emulsion membranes (ILEMs) has emerged as potential alternatives to organic solvent-based emulsion membranes for the extraction and recovery of biol. active compounds from aqueous streams. Hence, present study aims to develop novel ILEMs for the removal of bioactive lactic acid (LA) from aqueous streams using 100% vegetable oil as diluent. A series of ILEMs were prepared using three different ionic liquids (ILs) namely tetramethylammonium chloride [TMAm][Cl], tetramethylammonium acetate [TMAm][Ac] and tributylmethylammonium chloride [TBMAm][Cl] as a carrier. Besides, olive oil used as diluent, NaOH used as stripping agent, Tween 80 and Span 20 were employed as emulsifier in ILEMs preparation The visual static stability of ILEMs was observed and the ILEM extraction efficiency was fully optimized in terms of various process parameters. The results showed that short-chain acetate based quaternary ammonium IL [TMAm][Ac] provided greater efficiency compared to chloride based ILs [TMAm][Cl] and [TBMAm][Cl]. A maximum of 94.50% LA removal was obtained with [TMAm][Ac] at optimized conditions of 0.05 M LA, 1.0 weight% Span 20, 0.3 M NaOH, 0.3 weight% [TMAm][Ac], 0.3 ratio of internal phase to diluent phase and 3:1 treat ratio (ratio of external phase to membrane phase) at a stirring speed of 250 rpm for 25 min. The emulsion was found stable for 134 min at the optimized conditions. Overall, this newly developed ILEM could be effectively used for the LA removal and other bioactive compounds from aqueous streams. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Computed Properties of C4H12ClN).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Computed Properties of C4H12ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

New Insights on the Effects of Water on Polymer Inclusion Membranes Containing Aliquat 336 Derivatives as Carriers was written by Fontas, Claudia;Vera, Ruben;Antico, Enriqueta;Martinez de Yuso, Maria del Valle;Rodriguez-Castellon, Enrique;Benavente, Juana. And the article was included in Membranes (Basel, Switzerland) in 2022.SDS of cas: 5137-55-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Surface characterization of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) using the polymers cellulose triacetate and polyvinyl chloride, containing different ionic liquids (ILs) as carriers, has been performed. Three different ILs have been tested: com. trioctyl methylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336^–AlqCl^–) and two derivatives bearing the counter anion NO3- or SCN- (AlqNO₃ and AlqSCN, resp.). Surface anal. was performed by SEM (SEM) and XPS for both dry membranes and PIMs immersed for 4 days in ultrapure water to investigate the effect of the interaction of water with the membrane’s morphol. and composition XPS anal. of the PIMs revealed that immersion in ultrapure water causes a decrease in the at. concentration percentage (A.C.%) of the specific IL atoms (Cl, S, and N) when compared with dry samples. Moreover, SEM images of the PIMs containing the IL AlqNO₃ showed an alteration in the morphol. of the membrane due to water contact at surface level, whereas no changes were observed at a bulk level. These changes in the surface composition of the water equilibrated PIMs may be associated with the solubilization of the IL in the water solution, which, therefore, may affect the reactivity of the membrane’s surface. To better understand this effect, PIMs containing both AlqCl and AlqNO₃ as carriers were used for arsenic (V) transport. It was found that AlqCl was the most effective IL and that the effectivity of the PIM on As(V) removal was not affected after five cycles of the membrane’s reuse. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3SDS of cas: 5137-55-3).

N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).SDS of cas: 5137-55-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Defective Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheet Boosts Electrocatalytic Hydrodechlorination Reaction on Supported Palladium Nanoparticles was written by Lv, Xiaoshu;Jiang, Kanxin;Wu, Hong;Ao, Liang;Hu, Lin;Li, Xiaoyu;Shen, Fei;Shi, Li;Dong, Fan;Jiang, Guangming. And the article was included in ACS ES&T Water in 2022.SDS of cas: 13820-53-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination on Pd, utilizing the H+ of H₂O as hydrogen sources, represents a promising technol. to detoxify the chlorinated organic pollutants (COPs) in water bodies. However, Pd alone affords limited activity due to its low efficacy in H₂O disassocn. and the poor mass diffusion of COPs that are commonly of low concentrations in the environment. Herein, we demonstrate that arming Pd with OH- vacancy-bearing NiAl-layered double hydroxide nanosheets (Pd/NixAl100-x-LDH-OHv) can significantly improve its performance, benefiting from the enhanced H₂O disassocn. at OHv and the facilitated C-Cl cleavage on the supported Pd nanoparticles. Al3+ is also indispensable because it promotes the formation and regeneration of OHv, but an overload will reduce the number of accessible OHv and weaken its function. Pd/Ni67Al33-LDH-OHv with the optimal Ni/Al ratio delivers a peak specific activity of 0.53 min-1 m-2 and mass activity of 6.54 min^-1 g-1Pd in treating 50.0 mg L^-1 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP, a probe COP) at -0.25 V vs. RHE, outperforming most of the reported catalysts. To address the mass diffusion issue, Pd/Ni₆₇Al₃₃-LDH-OHv is integrated into a customized continuous-flow membrane cell. When fed a dilute wastewater (20.4 mg L^-1), the system affords a 2,4-DCP removal rate of 3.75 g2,4-DCP gcatalyst-1 h-1 and faradaic current efficiency of 42.6%, which is 3.2 and 4.0 times that obtained in a traditional batch reaction system, resp. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6SDS of cas: 13820-53-6).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.SDS of cas: 13820-53-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tuning the ¹H NMR paramagnetic relaxation enhancement and local order of [Aliquat]⁺-based systems mixed with DMSO was written by Cordeiro, Rui;Beira, Maria J.;Cruz, Carlos;Figueirinhas, Joao L.;Corvo, Marta C.;Almeida, Pedro L.;Rosatella, Andreia A.;Afonso, Carlos A. M.;Daniel, Carla I.;Sebastiao, Pedro J.. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2021.COA of Formula: C25H54ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Understanding the behavior of a chem. compound at a mol. level is fundamental, not only to explain its macroscopic properties, but also to enable the control and optimization of these properties. The present work aims to characterize a set of systems based on the ionic liquids [Aliquat][Cl] and [Aliquat][FeCl₄] and on mixtures of these with different concentrations of DMSO by means of ¹H NMR relaxometry, diffusometry and X-ray diffractometry. Without DMSO, the compounds reveal locally ordered domains, which are large enough to induce order fluctuation as a significant relaxation pathway, and present paramagnetic relaxation enhancement for the [Aliquat][Cl] and [Aliquat][FeCl₄] mixture The addition of DMSO provides a way of tuning both the local order of these systems and the relaxation enhancement produced by the tetrachloroferrate anion. Very small DMSO volume concentrations (at least up to 1%) lead to enhanced paramagnetic relaxation without compromising the locally ordered domains. Larger DMSO concentrations gradually destroy these domains and reduce the effect of paramagnetic relaxation, while solvating the ions present in the mixtures The paramagnetic relaxation was explained as a correlated combination of inner and outer-sphere mechanisms, in line with the size and structure differences between cation and anion. This study presents a robust method of characterizing paramagnetic ionic systems and obtaining a consistent anal. for a large set of samples having different co-solvent concentrations This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3COA of Formula: C25H54ClN).

N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.COA of Formula: C25H54ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics