Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Makane, Vitthal B. published the artcileSynthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis, Name: 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid, the publication is European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2019), 665-677, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Synthesis, SAR and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides R¹C(O)N(R²)CH(R³)C(O)NHR⁴ [R¹ = 2-pyrrolyl, 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, etc.; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 2-HOC₆H₄, etc.; R³ = Ph, 3-ClC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, etc.; R⁴ = t-Bu, cyclohexyl, Bn, 2-naphthyl] as antitubercular agents were reported via Ugi reaction of benzaldehydes, isocyanides, anilines and carboxylic acids. The systematic medicinal chem. approach led to identification of optimal substitutions required for the activity. Compound R¹C(O)N(R²)CH(R³)C(O)NHR⁴ [R¹ = 2,4-di-methylthiazol-5-yl; R² = 2,4-di-MeC₆H₃; R³ = 3-pyridyl; R⁴ = cyclohexyl] was identified as antitubercular lead with drug like properties. Further, R¹C(O)N(R²)CH(R³)C(O)NHR⁴ [R¹ = 2,4-di-methylthiazol-5-yl; R² = 2,4-di-MeC₆H₃; R³ = 3-pyridyl; R⁴ = cyclohexyl] selectively inhibited M. tuberculosis H37Rv with MIC value of 0.78 μM and was found to be non-toxic to CHO-K1 cells. The lead compound inhibited multi drug resistant and Pre-Extensively drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium at 2 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL resp.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 6313-54-8. 6313-54-8 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Chloride,Carboxylic acid, name is 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid, and the molecular formula is C6H4ClNO2, Name: 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Saini, Parul published the artcileExternal Catalyst-Free Oxidation of Benzyl Halides to Benzoic Acids Using NaOH/TBHP in Water, Recommanded Product: 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, the publication is Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry (2021), 10(9), 2355-2359, database is CAplus.

An efficient and metal-free methodol. for the oxidation of benzyl halides to benzoic acids using an inexpensive and green oxidant (TBHP) in aqueous basic medium has been developed. This protocol offers an excellent way to avoid adding catalysts and involves the use of an in-situ generated halide ion as catalyst. It is also the first report on the oxidation of benzyl iodides to benzoic acids. A series of carboxylic acids were prepared from benzyl halides in high yields under mild reaction conditions by this method which does not require chromatog. purification Gram scale reactions for the synthesis of the carboxylic acids in good yields have been successfully carried out using benzyl chloride, bromide and iodide. As an industrial application, the synthesis of a key monomer used for the synthesis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), i. e., terephthalic acid (PTA), has also been accomplished in good yields.

Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 939-99-1. 939-99-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClF3, Recommanded Product: 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Adams, H. Jack published the artcilePrimary local anesthetic testing and acute toxicity of N,N’-disubstituted 2,3-diamino-2′,6′-propionoxylidides, SDS of cas: 18791-02-1, the publication is Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (1973), 62(10), 1677-9, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The local anesthetic activity of the 8 N,N’-disubstituted-2,3-diamino-2′,6′-propionoxylidides (I) and 1-tert-butyl-2-aziridinecarboxy-2′,6′-xylidide (II) [50603-33-3] which were prepared fell between that of lidocaine-HCl [73-78-9] and tetracaine-HCl [136-47-0]. None of the compounds possessed the long duration of tetracaine in the guinea pig wheal. All the compds were more toxic than tetracaine i.p. in the mouse and except for II they were less irritating than tetracaine in the rabbit intradermal wheal.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences published new progress about 18791-02-1. 18791-02-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2,3-Dibromopropionylchloride, and the molecular formula is C3H3Br2ClO, SDS of cas: 18791-02-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Faas, Henryk M. published the artcileAccelerated 19F·MRI detection of matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 through responsive deactivation of paramagnetic relaxation enhancement, Application In Synthesis of 42074-68-0, the publication is Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging (2019), 4826520/1-4826520/13, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Paramagnetic gadolinium ions (GdIII), complexed within DOTA-based chelates, have become useful tools to increase the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast in tissues of interest. Recently, “on/off” probes serving as 19F·MRI biosensors for target enzymes have emerged that utilize the increase in transverse (T*2 or T2) relaxation times upon cleavage of the paramagnetic GdIII center. Mol. 19F·MRI has the advantage of high specificity due to the lack of background signal but suffers from low signal intensity that leads to low spatial resolution and long recording times. In this work, an “on/off” probe concept is introduced that utilizes responsive deactivation of paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) to generate 19F longitudinal (T1) relaxation contrast for accelerated mol. MRI. The probe concept is applied to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a class of enzymes linked with many inflammatory diseases and cancer that modify bioactive extracellular substrates. The presence of these biomarkers in extracellular space makes MMPs an accessible target for responsive PRE deactivation probes. Responsive PRE deactivation in a 19F biosensor probe, selective for MMP-2 and MMP-9, is shown to enable mol. MRI contrast at significantly reduced exptl. times compared to previous methods. PRE deactivation was caused by MMP through cleavage of a protease substrate that served as a linker between the fluorine-containing moiety and a paramagnetic GdIII-bound DOTA complex. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI and, alternatively, short echo times in standard gradient echo (GE) MRI were employed to cope with the fast 19F transverse relaxation of the PRE active probe in its “on-state.” Upon responsive PRE deactivation, the 19F·MRI signal from the “off-state” probe diminished, thereby indicating the presence of the target enzyme through the associated neg. MRI contrast. Null point 1H·MRI, obtainable within a short time course, was employed to identify false-pos. 19F·MRI responses caused by dilution of the contrast agent.

Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging published new progress about 42074-68-0. 42074-68-0 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzyl chloride,Benzene, name is 2-Chlorotrityl chloride, and the molecular formula is C19H14Cl2, Application In Synthesis of 42074-68-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Eckstein, Aleksandra published the artcileAuxin and chloroplast movements, Name: 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, the publication is Physiologia Plantarum (2016), 156(3), 351-366, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Auxin is involved in a wide spectrum of physiol. processes in plants, including responses controlled by the blue light photoreceptors phototropins: phototropic bending and stomatal movement. However, the role of auxin in phototropin-mediated chloroplast movements has never been studied. To address this question we searched for potential interactions between auxin and the chloroplast movement signaling pathway using different exptl. approaches and two model plants, Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum. We observed that the disturbance of auxin homeostasis by shoot decapitation caused a decrease in chloroplast movement parameters, which could be rescued by exogenous auxin application. In several cases, the impairment of polar auxin transport, by chem. inhibitors or in auxin carrier mutants, had a similar neg. effect on chloroplast movements. This inhibition was not correlated with changes in auxin levels. Chloroplast relocations were also affected by the antiauxin p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid and mutations in genes encoding some of the elements of the SCF^TIR1-Aux/IAA auxin receptor complex. The observed changes in chloroplast movement parameters are not prominent, which points to a modulatory role of auxin in this process. Taken together, the obtained results suggest that auxin acts indirectly to regulate chloroplast movements, presumably by regulating gene expression via the SCF^TIR1-Aux/IAA-ARF pathway. Auxin does not seem to be involved in controlling the expression of phototropins.

Physiologia Plantarum published new progress about 33697-81-3. 33697-81-3 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H7ClO3, Name: 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pashynska, V. A. published the artcileStudy of non-covalent complexes formation between the bisquaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent decamethoxinum and membrane phospholipids by electrospray ionization and collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Visnik Kharkivs’kogo Natsional’nogo Universitetu im. V. N. Karazina (2004), 123-130, database is CAplus.

The noncovalent complex formation between the membrane phospholipid, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, and the bisquaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent, decamethoxinum, which is related to its biol. activity, was studied by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry and collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometry. Stable doubly-charged complexes of the drug dication with phospholipid mol. assemblies containing up to nine phospholipid mols., which model drug-phospholipid interactions in biol. membrane systems, were registered. For examination of the structure and the stability characteristics of the drug-phospholipid noncovalent complexes, their CID spectra were examined The developed ESI mass spectrometry methodol. is proposed for fast screening of bisquaternary ammonium compounds with antimicrobial activity.

Visnik Kharkivs’kogo Natsional’nogo Universitetu im. V. N. Karazina published new progress about 38146-42-8. 38146-42-8 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Achiral Phase-Transfer Catalysts, name is N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C38H74Cl2N2O4, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pashynskaya, V. A. published the artcileMechanistic investigation of the interaction between bisquaternary antimicrobial agents and phospholipids by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry and differential scanning calorimetry, Formula: C38H74Cl2N2O4, the publication is Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (2002), 16(18), 1706-1713, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Mechanisms of interaction between the antimicrobial drugs decamethoxinum and aethonium, which are based on bisquaternary ammonium compounds, and a phospholipid component of biol. membranes, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, were studied by means of liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Supramol. complexes of the drugs with this phospholipid were recorded under secondary ion mass spectrometric conditions. The dependence of the structures of these complexes on structural parameters of the dications of the bisquaternary ammonium compounds was demonstrated. Tandem mass spectrometric investigations of the metastable decay of doubly charged ions of decamethoxinum and aethonium complexes with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine allowed estimation of structural parameters of these complexes in the gas phase. Interactions of decamethoxinum and aethonium with model membrane assemblies built from hydrated dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine were studied using DSC. It was shown that while both drugs can interact with model membranes, the mechanisms of such interactions for decamethoxinum and aethonium differ. The correlation between the nature of these interactions and structural and electronic parameters of the dications of the two bisquaternary agents is discussed. Interpretation of combined mass spectrometric and calorimetric exptl. data led to proposals that the mol. mechanisms of antimicrobial action of bisquaternary ammonium compounds are related to their effect on the membrane phospholipid components of microbial cells.

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry published new progress about 38146-42-8. 38146-42-8 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Achiral Phase-Transfer Catalysts, name is N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C38H74Cl2N2O4, Formula: C38H74Cl2N2O4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pokrovskii, V. A. published the artcileMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric study of bisquaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent decamethoxinum in 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, Safety of N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride, the publication is Mass-Spektrometriya (2005), 2(3), 183-192, database is CAplus.

The results of investigation of decamethoxinum on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometer using 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix were presented. The MALDI mass spectra were obtained in the linear, reflectron and post source decay (PSD) modes. The spectra reveal diagnostic quasimol. ions of the decamethoxinum [Cat·Cl]⁺ and [Cat-H]⁺. The PSD data confirm that the pathways of unimol. decay of the [Cat·Cl]⁺ ions in the gas phase coincide with those of the salt thermal degradation via dequaternization; this agrees with the data obtained earlier with the use of secondary ion mass spectrometry. Abundant clusters containing Cat²⁺ and anions those originate from the DHB matrix were observed, and it was suggested that they were stabilized either by the electrostatic interactions with the carboxylic group (carboxylate anion) of DHB or due to the cation-π interactions with the DHB aromatic ring.

Mass-Spektrometriya published new progress about 38146-42-8. 38146-42-8 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Achiral Phase-Transfer Catalysts, name is N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C38H74Cl2N2O4, Safety of N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sukhodub, L. F. published the artcileMass spectrometry of decamethoxine, an antimicrobial drug, Quality Control of 38146-42-8, the publication is Antibiotiki i Khimioterapiya (1989), 34(11), 823-7, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Desorption mass spectrometry was a suitable method for identification and determination of a novel antimicrobial drug; decamethoxine (I). Thermal decomposition and mass spectrometric fragmentation of I under various ionization conditions are discussed.

Antibiotiki i Khimioterapiya published new progress about 38146-42-8. 38146-42-8 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Achiral Phase-Transfer Catalysts, name is N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C15H12O6, Quality Control of 38146-42-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pashynska, Vlada A. published the artcileOn the stability of the organic dication of the bisquaternary ammonium salt decamethoxinum under liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry, Recommanded Product: N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride, the publication is Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (2005), 19(6), 785-797, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In the course of a liquid secondary ion mass spectrometric (SIMS) investigation on a bisquaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent, decamethoxinum, unusual pathways of fragmentation of the organic dication M²⁺ of this bisquaternary salt, with preservation of the doubly charged state of the fragments, were observed To reveal the structural and electronic parameters of decamethoxinum, which are responsible for the stabilization of its organic dication in the gas phase, a comprehensive SIMS study using metastable decay, collision-induced dissociation and kinetic energy release techniques complemented by ab initio quantum chem. calculations was performed. Pathways of fragmentation of two main precursors originating from decamethoxinum – organic dication M²⁺ and its cluster with a Cl^– counterion [M·Cl]⁺ – and a number of their primary fragments were established and systematized. Differences in the pathways of fragmentation of M²⁺ and [M·Cl]⁺ were revealed: the main directions of [M·Cl]⁺ decay involve dequaternization similar to thermal degradation of this compound, while in M²⁺ fragmentation via loss of one and two terminal radicals with preservation of the doubly charged state of the fragments dominates over charge separation processes. It was shown that pairing of the dication with a Cl^– anion does not preserve the complex from fragmentation via separation of two pos. charged centers or neutralization (dequaternization) of one such center. At the same time the low abundance of M²⁺ in the SIMS spectra is to a larger extent controlled by a probability of M²⁺ association with an anion than by the decay of the dication per se. Quantum chem. calculations of the structural and electronic parameters of the decamethoxinum dication have revealed at least three features which can provide stabilization of the doubly charged state. Firstly, in the most energetically favorable stretch conformation the distance between the quaternary nitrogens (r_N1-N2 = 1.39 nm) is relatively large. Secondly, an intramol. solvation of quaternary groups by carbonyl oxygens of the adjacent groups of the dication occurs, which contribute to structural stabilization. Thirdly, an important feature of the electronic structure of the dication is the presence of a partial neg. charge on the nitrogen atoms and smearing of a pos. charge mainly over the hydrogens of alkyl groups attached to the quaternary nitrogens, which reduces the net repulsion between the quaternary groups. The possible influence of charge smearing on the kinetic energy released on the dication fragmentation is discussed.

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry published new progress about 38146-42-8. 38146-42-8 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Achiral Phase-Transfer Catalysts, name is N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C38H74Cl2N2O4, Recommanded Product: N1,N10-Bis(2-((2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-N1,N1,N10,N10-tetramethyldecane-1,10-diaminium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics