Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Direct carboxylation of cellulose in deep eutectic solvent and its adsorption behavior of methylene blue was written by Cao, Xiwang;Liu, Min;Bi, Wentao;Lin, Jun;Chen, David Da Yong. And the article was included in Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications in 2022.Formula: C16H18ClN3S This article mentions the following:

The surface of cellulose particles was carboxylated (2.44 mmol/g) in a deep eutectic solvent containing carboxylic acid. Based on the carboxyl content, the effects of key factors on cellulose carboxylation was systematically investigated. In addition, the reaction mechanism was studied by using liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry, and the influence of deep eutectic solvent containing carboxylic acid on the structure and physicochem. properties of cellulose during carboxylation was examined using different characterization techniques. The results showed that the type of carboxylic acid, cellulose particle size, and pretreatment methods significantly affect the carboxylation efficiency, degradation, and carbonization of cellulose. The internal crystal structure of cellulose did not change after the carboxylation reaction, while the surface crystal structure was destroyed by carboxylation, which greatly improved the dispersion and hydrophilicity properties of the product. The kinetics and thermodn. of carboxyl cellulose adsorption were studied as well. Potential application of carboxyl cellulose in the adsorption of pollutants was demonstrated. This study provides a new method for the direct modification of cellulose in deep eutectic solvents, as well as a new sustainable strategy for modifying other materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Formula: C16H18ClN3S).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Formula: C16H18ClN3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel 1-(2, 6- difluorobenzyl)-1h-1, 2, 3-triazole derivatives for Cns depressant and anticonvulsant profile was written by Shukla, Jagdish D.;Ali Khan, Pathan Arif Md.;Deo, Keshav. And the article was included in American Journal of PharmTech Research in 2015.Application of 697-73-4 This article mentions the following:

A series of 1-(2, 6-difluorobenzyl)-1H-1, 2, 3-triazole (5a-d and 7a-d) were synthesized and evaluated for CNS depressant and anticonvulsant activities by photoactometer, rotarod and pentylene tetrazole induced convulsion method resp. in Swiss albino mice. Diazepam was used as a standard drug. Out of the 8 compounds tested, compounds (5b, 7a and 7b) were showed the CNS depressant activity comparable to that of diazepam at a dose of 5 mg/kg. The active members of the series (5b, 7a and 7b) were selected for anticonvulsant activity study. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4Application of 697-73-4).

2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Application of 697-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Efficient copper-catalyzed synthesis of 2-arylbenzimidazole derivatives by reaction of 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene with benzamidine hydrochlorides was written by Sayahi, Mohammad Hosein;Khoshneviszadeh, Mehdi;Soheilizad, Mehdi;Saghanezhad, Seyyed Jafar;Mahdavi, Mohammad. And the article was included in Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds (New York, NY, United States) in 2018.Reference of 18637-02-0 This article mentions the following:

A novel and efficient approach to the preparation of 2-arylbenzimidazoles is described. Heating a mixture of 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene and benzamidine hydrochlorides in the presence of CuBr and K₂CO₃ in DMSO afforded 2-arylbenzimidazoles in good to excellent yields. The reaction was initiated by nucleophilic aromatic substitution and further proceeded by intramol. nucleophilic copper-catalyzed cyclization reaction of benzamidine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-benzamidine hydrochloride (cas: 18637-02-0Reference of 18637-02-0).

2-Chloro-benzamidine hydrochloride (cas: 18637-02-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Reference of 18637-02-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Tetrahydro-β-carboline Derivatives as Selective Sub-Nanomolar Gelatinase Inhibitors was written by Mangiatordi, Giuseppe Felice;Guzzo, Tatiana;Rossano, Eugenio Claudio;Trisciuzzi, Daniela;Alberga, Domenico;Fasciglione, Giovanni;Coletta, Massimiliano;Topai, Alessandra;Nicolotti, Orazio. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2018.Name: 4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride This article mentions the following:

Targeting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a pursued strategy for treating several pathol. conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and cancer. Herein, a series of novel tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives with outstanding inhibitory activity toward MMPs are present. In particular, compounds 9f, 9g, 9h and 9i show sub-nanomolar IC₅₀ values. Interestingly, compounds 9g and 9i also provide remarkable selectivity toward gelatinases; IC₅₀=0.15 nM for both toward MMP-2 and IC₅₀=0.63 and 0.58 nM, resp., toward MMP-9. Mol. docking simulations, performed by employing quantum mechanics based partial charges, shed light on the rationale behind binding involving specific interactions with key residues of S1′ and S3′ domains. Taken together, these studies indicate that tetrahydro-β-carboline represents a promising scaffold for the design of novel inhibitors able to target MMPs and selectively bias gelatinases, over the desirable range of the pharmacokinetics spectrum. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 1138-56-3Name: 4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride).

4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 1138-56-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Name: 4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride

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Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Three C-N valence vibrations in substituted dimethylanilines was written by Ritschl, Friedrich;Kuenkel, Gerhard. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Physikalische Chemie (Muenchen, Germany) in 1965.Safety of 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline This article mentions the following:

The phenyl-N and the twice occurring N-methyl valence vibrations of the ir spectra were determined For the first-named kind of vibrations a linear interrelation between the Hammett substitution constants (aniline system) with a pos. slope corresponding to a decrease of the degree of bond of the phenyl-N bond was found. The other 2 frequencies, too, can be brought into a connection with the substitution constant on one hand, and with the phenyl-N valence frequency on the other hand. For the purposes of assigning of the ir spectra, the spectrum of dimethylaniline-¹⁵ N was measured. The method was applied for the determination of the constants of some substituents and the effect of an electron deficiency on the dimethylaminophenyl group in an aromatic radical mol. was determined In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1Safety of 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline).

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Safety of 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline

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Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Classification of Chemical Compounds by Protein-Compound Docking for Use in Designing a Focused Library was written by Fukunishi, Yoshifumi;Mikami, Yoshiaki;Takedomi, Kei;Yamanouchi, Masaya;Shima, Hideaki;Nakamura, Haruki. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2006.Computed Properties of C21H15Cl3O2 This article mentions the following:

We developed a new method for the classification of chem. compounds and protein pockets and applied it to a random screening experiment for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The principal component anal. (PCA) method was applied to the protein-compound interaction matrix, which was given by thorough docking calculations between a set of many protein pockets and chem. compounds Each compound and protein pocket was depicted as a point in the PCA spaces of compounds and proteins, resp. This method was applied to distinguish active compounds from neg. compounds of MIF. A random screening experiment for MIF was performed, and our method revealed that the active compounds were localized in the PCA space of compounds, while the neg. compounds showed a wide distribution. Furthermore, protein pockets, which bind similar compounds, were classified and were found to form a cluster in the PCA space. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,3,3-Tris(4-chlorophenyl)propionic acid (cas: 2168-06-1Computed Properties of C21H15Cl3O2).

3,3,3-Tris(4-chlorophenyl)propionic acid (cas: 2168-06-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Computed Properties of C21H15Cl3O2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structure-activity Relationship Studies of Microbiologically Active Thiosemicarbazides Derived from Hydroxybenzoic Acid Hydrazides was written by Plech, Tomasz;Paneth, Agata;Kapron, Barbara;Kosikowska, Urszula;Malm, Anna;Strzelczyk, Aleksandra;Staczek, Pawel. And the article was included in Chemical Biology & Drug Design in 2015.Electric Literature of C7H3Cl2NS This article mentions the following:

Forty-five derivatives of thiosemicarbazide were synthesized, and their antibacterial activity against Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria was evaluated. Some of the described compounds exhibited interesting activity against reference strains of Gram-pos. bacteria, whereas only two derivatives had the ability to inhibit the growth of Gram-neg. species (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 12453). The most potent antimicrobial activity was observed in the cases of salicylic acid hydrazide derivatives The differences in activity inspired us to conduct conformational anal. using mol. mechanics level. The obtained results suggest that the mol. geometry, especially at the N4-terminus of thiosemicarbazide skeleton, determines the antibacterial activity. Unfortunately, in opposition to what we expected, only one of the tested compounds inhibited the activity of the topoIV enzyme, and none of them was active against DNA gyrase. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1Electric Literature of C7H3Cl2NS).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Electric Literature of C7H3Cl2NS

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of trans-stilbenes via phosphine-catalyzed coupling reactions of benzylic halides was written by Zhang, Sheng;Xie, Zhilong;Ye, Zhanqiang;Zhang, Mingyang;Li, Dongdeng;Yamaguchi, Masahiko;Bao, Ming. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2022.SDS of cas: 620-19-9 This article mentions the following:

An efficient and practical phosphine-catalyzed homo-coupling reaction of benzyl chlorides was described. The reactions proceed smoothly in the presence of CsF/B(OMe)₃ and NaH as the base, resp., to provide trans-stilbenes in good yields with a broad scope. Unsym. stilbenes was also generated from the reactions of benzyl chlorides with phosphonium salts. Several P-based key intermediates was detected by NMR and HRMS analyses, which shed light on the postulated catalytic cycle. In the presence of different bases, the transformations involve two different pathways, in which phenylcarbene and phosphonium alkoxide was considered as key intermediates, resp. The two pathways were complementary in synthesis but different in mechanisms. The synthetic utility, including gram-scale reactions and straightforward access to π-conjugated mols., was demonstrated as well. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9SDS of cas: 620-19-9).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).SDS of cas: 620-19-9

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Unexpected C=N bond formation via NaI-catalyzed oxidative de-tetra-hydrogenative cross-couplings between N,N-dimethyl aniline and sulfamides was written by Zheng, Yang;Mao, Jincheng;Chen, Jie;Rong, Guangwei;Liu, Defu;Yan, Hong;Chi, Yongjian;Xu, Xinfang. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2015.Related Products of 698-01-1 This article mentions the following:

A direct and convenient C=N bond formation reaction was reported, which was a de-tetra-hydrogenative cross-coupling (DTCC) reaction between N,N-di-Me aniline and sulfamide under transition-metal-free conditions to give sulfonyl amidine derivatives in moderate to high yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1Related Products of 698-01-1).

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Related Products of 698-01-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

3-Substituted thiophenes. VI. Substitution reactions of 3-thenoic acid was written by Campaigne, E. E.;Bourgeois, R. C.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1954.Product Details of 36157-41-2 This article mentions the following:

3-Thenoic acid (I) was brominated, chlorinated, and nitrated in the 5-position. A 2nd substituent was found to enter in the 2-position to form the 2,5-disubstituted-3-thenoic acids, but 5-nitro-3-thenoic acid (II) could not be further nitrated, even at high temperatures in mixed acid. LiAlH₄ caused the reductive dehalogenation of 5-bromo-(III) and 2,5-dichloro-3-thenoic acid (IV) to 3-thenyl alc. (V). Br (46 g.) in 225 cc. glacial AcOH added slowly with stirring to 38 g. I in 350 cc. glacial AcOH at room temperature, the mixture stirred 15 min., poured into 2 l. H₂O, and the white precipitate washed with H₂O and recrystallized from hot H₂O yielded 42 g. (69%) III, white needles, m. 117-18°. III refluxed in excess SOCl₂, the mixture poured into cold NH₄OH, and the precipitate recrystallized from H₂O gave the amide, white plates, m. 100-1°. The crude acid chloride from III warmed with PhNH₂ in C₆H₆ yielded the anilide, m. 142-3° (from aqueous EtOH). III (2 g.) in 25 cc. glacial AcOH warmed with 5.6 g. Br, the mixture poured into H₂O, decolorized with NaHSO₃, and the white precipitate recrystallized from H₂O gave 1.0 g. 2,5-dibromo-3-thenoic acid (VI), m. 175-6°, also obtained from I or 2-bromo-3-thenoic acid by the same method. I (3 g.) in 200 cc. glacial AcOH treated at room temperature with gaseous Cl to a weight increase of 1.6 g., the mixture allowed to stand a few min., poured into 1 l. ice water, stirred, refrigerated overnight, a small amount of white crystals filtered off, the filtrate extracted with Et₂O, the extract dried, evaporated, and the combined solids recrystallized from hot H₂O yielded 1.5 g. (40%) 5-chloro-3-thenoic acid (VII), m. 156-7°; amide, white needles, m. 135-6° (from H₂O); anilide, white microcrystalline powder, m. 170-1° (from 50% EtOH). Cl gas passed into 3 g. I in 100 cc. glacial AcOH at room temperature to a weight increase of 3.2 g., and the mixture allowed to stand 0.5 hr. and worked up as for VII yielded 2 g. IV, m. 147-8°, also obtained from VII or 2-chloro-3-thenoic acid in AcOH by the same method. I (5 g.) added in small portions with stirring below -5° to 20 cc. concentrated HNO₃ (d. 1.42) and 11.5 cc. 96% H₂SO₄, the mixture poured on ice, steam distilled, the distillate washed with Et₂O, cooled, and the resulting yellow needles (4.1 g.) recrystallized 3 times from C₆H₆ gave II, m. 145-6°; amide, light tan needles, m. 162-3° (from H₂O); anilide, light tan plates, m. 179-80° (from 50% EtOH). II (5-g. samples) stirred into 2 parts concentrated HNO₃ and 1 part concentrated H₂SO₄ at temperatures between -10° and 140° gave at 20-120 min. reaction times 95-50% recovered II. N’-(2-Pyridyl)-N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (16.4 g.) in 200 cc. pyridine treated with the crude acid chloride from 15 g. III, the mixture warmed 8 hrs., the pyridine distilled off in vacuo, the residue poured into ice water, extracted with Et₂O, the Et₂O solution extracted with dilute HCl, the acid extract treated with Norit, neutralized with cold dilute aqueous NaOH, the precipitated oil extracted into Et₂O, the extract dried, evaporated, the residual dark oil (13 g.) distilled, the pale oily orange distillate (8 g., 32%), b₁ 193-7°, reduced with LiAlH₄ in Et₂O, the resulting pale yellow oil (2 g.), b₁ 165-70°, dissolved in 10 cc. iso-PrOH, the solution treated with 0.7 cc. concentrated HCl, refrigerated overnight, cooled in ice-MeOH, and the crystalline deposit dried gave N’-(2-pyridyl)-N’-(3-thenyl)-N,N-dimethylethylenediamine HCl salt, m. 168-9°. III (42 g.) in Et₂O reduced with an equimol. amount of LiAlH₄ yielded 30% V, b₁₀ 88-90°. V (2 cc.) and 1 cc. 1-C₁₀H₇NCO heated 5 min. on the steam bath, and the resulting brown solid recrystallized from CCl₄ gave V 1-naphthylurethan, m. 133-4° (authentic sample, m. 132-3°). The reduction of IV under the same conditions yielded 35% V, b₁₀ 86-8°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Dichlorothiophene-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 36157-41-2Product Details of 36157-41-2).

2,5-Dichlorothiophene-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 36157-41-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Product Details of 36157-41-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics