Category: 75-57-0

Quaternary Ammonium Salts-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: Utilization in Extractive Desulfurization was written by Khan, Naushad;Srivastava, Vimal Chandra. And the article was included in Energy & Fuels in 2021.Formula: C4H12ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this work, three deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized and further used in extractive desulfurization (EDS). Three DESs were synthesized by the thermal method using choline chloride (ChCl), tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), and tetramethylammonium chloride (TMAC) as hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and ethylene glycol (EG) as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD). The thermal properties of DESs and their individual components were determined via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric anal. (TGA) coupled with Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR). The DESs were further utilized in the extraction of sulfur-based model oil (500 mg·L^-1 sulfur content as a dibenzothiophene (DBT) dissolved in isooctane). The maximum sulfur extraction efficiency of 81.2% was achieved using TBAB/2EG as DES at optimized operating conditions, i.e., contact time of 30 min, temperature at 25°C, the volumetric ratio of DES to fuel being 1.2:1, and stirring speed of 350 rpm. The recyclability of DES without regeneration caused a decrease in extraction efficiency, which was regained after regeneration. The pseudo first-, second-, and n^th-order models represented the EDS kinetics. The interaction between the components during the synthesis and after regeneration was confirmed by FTIR and ¹H NMR. Gas chromatog. with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) anal. showed negligible loss (1.5%-2.5%) of DES during regeneration. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Formula: C4H12ClN).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Formula: C4H12ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Insights into the Play of Novel Bronsted Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Conversion of Glucose into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural without Additional Catalysts was written by Tao, Shunhui;Hu, Lei;Zhang, Xiaodong;Mai, Yinglin;Xian, Xiaoling;Zheng, Xiaojie;Lin, Xiaoqing. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2022.Reference of 75-57-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a versatile bio-platform chem. that connects biomass to a variety of different fuels, chems., and materials. In this work, novel Bronsted acid-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with both solvent and catalytic functionalities for glucose dehydration into 5-HMF were developed without the need of addnl. metal salt catalysts or heterogeneous catalysts. The types of hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), the ratio of HBD to HBA of the DES, heating time, reaction temperature, initial glucose concentration, and moisture content of the DES were systematically investigated to reveal the interplay of the DES in the conversion of glucose to 5-HMF. The most effective DES was found to be tri-Et benzyl ammonium chloride (TEBAC)/formic acid (FA) (molar ratio: 2:1) with a 5-HMF yield of 30.5 ± 1.0% in glucose dehydration and approx. 100% glucose conversion (initial glucose concentration: 2.5 weight %) in 60 min at 150°C. Most importantly, after five cycles, the TEBAC/FA (1:2) DES retained high stability and catalytic activity, with the yield of 5-HMF remaining 30.1 ± 0.5%. Interestingly, as the water content of the DES increased to 70%, the 5-HMF yield increased to 36.5 ± 1.0% along with an 8.01 ± 1.4% yield of levulinic acid. The finding of this study provided insights into the TEBAC/FA (1:2) DES with dual capabilities that might support more efficient bio-based commodity chem. production methods. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Reference of 75-57-0).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Reference of 75-57-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nanofluid of magnetic-activated charcoal and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent: Application in dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction for the determination and preconcentration of warfarin in biological samples by high-performance liquid chromatography was written by Nooraee Nia, Negar;Hadjmohammadi, Mohammad Reza. And the article was included in Biomedical Chromatography in 2021.COA of Formula: C4H12ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, for the first time, nanofluid of magnetic-activated charcoal and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (AC@Fe₃O₄-DES) based dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction was successfully applied for the determination and preconcentration of warfarin in plasma and urine samples. The hydrophobic DES was prepared by mixing tetramethylammonium chloride (as hydrogen bond acceptor) and thymol (as hydrogen bond donor) and acted simultaneously as both carrier and stabilizer for magnetic nanoparticles. In this method, the nanofluid as a new extraction solvent was rapidly injected into the aqueous sample, which led to improvement of the mass transfer of the analytes into the sorbent and reduction of the extraction time. In the screening step, the fractional factorial design was applied for selecting some important parameters which significantly affected the extraction procedure. The effective parameters were then optimized by Box-Behnken design. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection were in the range of 0.3-1.6 ng/mL. A good linear range was observed in the range of 1.0-500.0 ng/mL for water and 5.0-500.0 ng/mL for urine and plasma. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were 2.7-3.2 and 1.9-4.5% for five replications, resp. Based on the results, the proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in biol. samples, using high-performance liquid chromatog. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0COA of Formula: C4H12ClN).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.COA of Formula: C4H12ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preparation and ion separation properties of sub-nanoporous PES membrane with high chemical resistance was written by Wu, Shuhang;Cheng, Yaxiong;Ma, Jie;Huang, Qinggang;Dong, Yuhua;Duan, Jinglai;Mo, Dan;Sun, Youmei;Liu, Jie;Yao, Huijun. And the article was included in Journal of Membrane Science in 2021.Quality Control of Tetramethylammonium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The sub-nanochannel materials have attracted extensive attention because of the great potentials in ion separation and water filtration due to their unique ionic transport properties. However, effectively preparing the sub-nanoporous membranes with tunable channel size is still a challenge. In this study, a green and convenient method is introduced to prepare sub-nanoporous polyethersulfone (PES) membrane with highly aligned channels by swift heavy ion irradiation, UV sensitization, and water rinse. Through adjusting the membrane’s UV sensitization time, the channel diameter of sub-nanoporous PES membrane can be facilely regulated at sub-nanoscale, which is essential to design the tailor-made membranes for specific applications. It is found that ionic transport in sub-nanoporous PES membrane exhibits voltage-activated features associated with the ionic dehydration at angstrom-confined space, with the corresponding I-V characteristics showing a dependence on ion species, channel size, and solution pH. Such a membrane can work as an excellent ion-exchange membrane in electrodialysis ion separation, exhibiting a separation ratio of K⁺:Na⁺:Li⁺:Mg²⁺ as high as 83:56:14:1 and K⁺ transport rate up to 0.82 mol h^-1 m^-2 under 10 V driving force. It is proved that the sub-nanoporous PES membrane also possesses strong chem. and electrochem. tolerances, which are the prerequisites for future utilizations. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Quality Control of Tetramethylammonium chloride).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Quality Control of Tetramethylammonium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Experimental evidence for the direct involvement of Pd(0) and Pd(II) anionic phosphine complexes in the Mizoroki-Heck coupling reaction was written by Larina, Elizaveta V.;Kurokhtina, Anna A.;Vidyaeva, Elena V.;Lagoda, Nadezhda A.;Schmidt, Alexander F.. And the article was included in Molecular Catalysis in 2021.Safety of Tetramethylammonium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The role of ionic Pd species in the catalytic systems used for cross-coupling reactions has been revised in recent years, mainly utilizing in situ anal. techniques to detect catalyst species in the reaction mixture The possible inclusion of phosphine mols. in the active Pd complexes is still debated. We have carried out a comparative study on the differential selectivity of the Mizoroki-Heck reaction with competition between two aryl halides or two alkenes to elucidate the active Pd species in different types of catalytic systems, including those favoring the formation of ionic complexes. The sensitivity of the reaction differential selectivity of two competing aryl halides to the additives of tertiary phosphine and halide salts points to the catalytic activity of anionic Pd(0) complexes containing at least one phosphine ligand when the phosphine-containing catalytic systems are used. The changes of the reaction differential selectivity of two competing alkenes to phosphine and halide salt allow to propose the entrance of both phosphine and halide ions into the coordination sphere of active Pd(II) complexes possessing anionic character. In addition, evidence for the effect of phosphine ligand and salt additives on the composition of the active Pd complexes that determine the regioselectivity of the reaction is presented. The data obtained indicate the decisive role of anionic Pd species in the Mizoroki-Heck reaction using both phosphine-free and phosphine-containing catalytic systems. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Safety of Tetramethylammonium chloride).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Safety of Tetramethylammonium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Syntheses, structure and properties of a new series of organic-inorganic Hg-based halides: adjusting halogens resulted in huge performance mutations was written by Yang, Can;Liu, Xian;Teng, Chunlin;Wu, Qi;Liang, Fei. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Three new organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (OIHP) halides, [N(CH₃)₄]HgCl_0.63Br_2.37 (i), [N(CH₃)₄]HgBrI₂ (ii) and [N(CH₃)₄]HgCl_0.45I_2.55 (iii), were synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction. They feature different crystal structures, in which both ii and iii are isomorphic and contain a one-dimensional chain with organic cation [N(CH₃)₄]⁺ interspersed in the space, whereas ii has a similar one-dimensional chain but significantly different spatial arrangement due to the enhanced hydrogen bond interaction. The divergent second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) effect from Br(Cl) to i and the arrangement of anion groups change dramatically from the presence of hydrogen bonds to the absence of hydrogen bonds, leading to a sharply increased NLO response of ii and iii (18 and 25 times that of I) compared with that of I. Moreover, the phase matching ability disappeared and the band gap decreased significantly. Meanwhile, a high temperature phase transition was observed in ii and iii, which is rare in common OIHPs. All these results indicate that the regulation of halogen bonds plays a crucial role in the structural and property mutations of OIHP halides. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Al-, Ga-, Mg-, or Li-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles as electron transport layers for quantum dot light-emitting diodes was written by Alexandrov, Alexei;Zvaigzne, Mariya;Lypenko, Dmitri;Nabiev, Igor;Samokhvalov, Pavel. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2020.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Abstract: Colloidal quantum dots and other semiconductor nanocrystals are essential components of next-generation lighting and display devices. Due to their easily tunable and narrow emission band and near-unity fluorescence quantum yield, they allow cost-efficient fabrication of bright, pure-color and wide-gamut light emitting diodes (LEDs) and displays. A critical improvement in the quantum dot LED technol. was achieved when zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were first introduced as an electron transport layer (ETL) material, which tremendously enhanced the device brightness and current efficiency due to the high mobility of electrons in ZnO and favorable alignment of its energy bands. During the next decade, the strategy of ZnO NP doping allowed the fabrication of QLEDs with a brightness of about 200 000 cd/m² and current efficiency over 60 cd/A. On the other hand, the known ZnO doping approaches rely on a very fine tuning of the energy levels of the ZnO NP conduction band min.; hence, selection of the appropriate dopant that would ensure the best device characteristics is often ambiguous. This problem via detailed comparison of QLEDs whose ETLs are formed by a set of ZnO NPs doped with Al, Ga, Mg, or Li. Although magnesium-doped ZnO NPs are the most common ETL material used in recently designed QLEDs, our experiments have shown that their aluminum-doped counterparts ensure better device performance in terms of brightness, current efficiency and turn-on voltage. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Roles of Anion-Cation Coupling Transport and Dehydration-Induced Ion-Membrane Interaction in Precise Separation of Ions by Nanofiltration Membranes was written by Zhai, Xiaohu;Wang, Yong-Lei;Dai, Ruobin;Li, Xuesong;Wang, Zhiwei. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2022.Electric Literature of C4H12ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes are playing increasingly crucial roles in addressing emerging environmental challenges by precise separation, yet understanding of the selective transport mechanism is still limited. In this work, the underlying mechanisms governing precise selectivity of the polyamide NF membrane were elucidated using a series of monovalent cations with minor hydrated radius difference. The observed selectivity of a single cation was neither correlated with the hydrated radius nor hydration energy, which could not be explained by the widely accepted NF model or ion dehydration theory. Herein, we employed an Arrhenius approach combined with Monte Carlo simulation to unravel that the transmembrane process of the cation would be dominated by its pairing anion, if the anion has a greater transmembrane energy barrier, due to the constraint of anion-cation coupling transport. Mol. dynamics simulations further revealed that the distinct hydration structure was the primary origin of the energy barrier difference of cations. The cation having a larger incompressible structure after partial dehydration through subnanopores would induce a more significant ion-membrane interaction and consequently a higher energy barrier. Moreover, to validate our proposed mechanisms, a membrane grafting modification toward enlarging the energy barrier difference of dominant ions achieved a 3-fold enhancement in ion separation efficiency. Our work provides insights into the precise separation of ionic species by NF membranes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Electric Literature of C4H12ClN).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Electric Literature of C4H12ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Biodegradation of tetramethylammonium chloride wastewater and inorganic nitrogen removal by a mixed culture was written by Liu, Yu-Cheng;Hu, Yu-Chen;Chu, I.-Ming;Wei, Yu-Hong;Tsai, Shen-Long. And the article was included in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering in 2022.Safety of Tetramethylammonium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The disposal of wastewater containing tetramethylammonium chloride (TMAC) generated from the semiconductor and photoelec. industries is a challenging problem due to the limited information is available regarding its treatability. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using biol. processes to treat TMAC. An activated sludge collected from a lake near the Southern Taiwan Science Park was used. Various operational parameters, including operating temperature, pH conditions and TMAC dosages were evaluated for the optimal condition. Results showed that the activated sludge could successfully degrade TMAC, and subsequently achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) of the nitrogen-containing intermediates under mild conditions (pH at a range of 3-7 and temperature at a range of 20-40°C). Besides, more than 60% of the nitrogen-containing intermediates were converted into gaseous nitrogen (N₂). TMAC biodegradation was found to follow first-order kinetics. The observed rate constant of TMAC biodegradation increased from 0.64 10-4 to 9.57 10^-4 1/min as the concentration of TMAC decreased. In addition, TMAC demethylation was identified as the rate-limiting step of the entire reaction. Major functional organisms of the activated sludge were identified as Mycobacterium, Ochrobactrum and Arthrobacter species which are aerobic and acidophilic strains. This study can be an important reference for future researches attempting to treatment TMAC wastewater by biol. processes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Safety of Tetramethylammonium chloride).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Safety of Tetramethylammonium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hydrothermal interconversion of FAU-type zeolite in the presence of sodium and tetramethylammonium ions was written by Kweon, Sungjoon;An, Hyejin;Son, Yeo Myeong;Park, Min Bum;Min, Hyung-Ki. And the article was included in Microporous and Mesoporous Materials in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Hydrothermal interzeolite transformation is one of the well-known methods for synthesizing zeolites with novel structures and/or compositions Since various crystallization factors can affect the interzeolite conversion process like in general hydrothermal synthesis, it is important to examine them. In this study, the interconversion process is explored of the FAU-type zeolite in the simplest interzeolite transformation system, containing tetramethylammonium (TMA⁺) and Na⁺ ions as structure-directing agents. The effects of various synthetic parameters, such as the concentration of OH^–, Na⁺, and TMA⁺ ions, the Si/Al ratio, crystallization time and temperature, and types of inorganic and organic cations were investigated during the interzeolite crystallization In the optimal synthetic condition, the initial structure of parent high silica zeolite Y was transformed in the order of X-ray amorphous → low silica FAU → MAZ → SOD. The solid products obtained under the various crystallization conditions were characterized by powder XRD, SEM, framework IR, ²⁹Si MAS NMR, elemental and thermal analyses, etc. to investigate the prevailing factor in each transformation step. The proper concentration of OH^– in the synthetic mother liquor was determined to be the governing factor necessary to initiate the interzeolite transformation, and to expect a certain zeolitic phase by the structure-directing of inorganic and/or organic cations. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics