Category: 6294-17-3

Benzophenone-based derivatives: a novel series of potent and selective dual inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase-induced beta-amyloid aggregation was written by Belluti, Federica;Bartolini, Manuela;Bottegoni, Giovanni;Bisi, Alessandra;Cavalli, Andrea;Andrisano, Vincenza;Rampa, Angela. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2011.Name: 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The leading mechanistic theory of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the “amyloid hypothesis” which states that the accumulation of the amyloid β protein (Aβ), and its subsequent aggregation into plaques, is responsible for the initiation of a cascade of events resulting in neurodegeneration and dementia. The anti-amyloid disease-modifying approach, based on the decrease in the production of Aβ, gained thus a paramount importance. The aim of this study was the design and synthesis of a new series of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) endowed with anti-Aβ aggregating capability. These dual binding inhibitors, being able to interact both with the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE and the catalytic subsite, proved to be able to inhibit the AChE-induced Aβ aggregation. Thus, starting from the lead compound I, an AChEI composed by a benzophenone scaffold and a N,N-methylbenzylamino group, a substantial modification aimed at targeting the PAS was performed. To this aim, different amino-terminal side chains were incorporated into this main framework, in order to mimic the diethylmethylammonium alkyl moiety of the pure PAS ligand propidium. The synthesized compounds proved to effectively and selectively inhibit AChE. Moreover, compounds with a propoxy and a hexyloxy tether resp., showed a good activity against the AChE-induced Aβ aggregation. In particular, mol. modeling studies confirmed that compounds carrying the diethylaminopropoxy and the diethylaminohexyloxy side chains (compounds II (n = 3, 7), resp.) could suitably contact the PAS pocket of the enzyme. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Name: 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Name: 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Robust Strategy for Antibody-Polymer-Drug Conjugation: Significance of Conjugating Orientation and Linker Charge on Targeting Ability was written by Wan, Jiaxun;Li, Yongjing;Jin, Ke;Guo, Jia;Xu, Jiangtao;Wang, Changchun. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2020.Formula: C6H12BrCl The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Antibody-drug conjugates have shown great promise in active targeting for cancer therapy. The existing chem. techniques for antibody conjugation generally lack efficiency or universality. In this article, a site-specific antibody conjugation was developed by using a mild reaction between a benzoboroxole (BB) functionality and cis-diol moiety of sugar units in the antibody fragment crystallizable region under neutral pH conditions. A BB/PEG/ICG-grafted poly(aspartic acid) comb-like functional polymer was first synthesized and conjugated with transferrin (Tf) to form a transferrin-polymer-drug conjugate [Tf-P(BB)], which showed 120% increase in HepG2 hepatoma (Tf receptor overexpression) cell uptake compared to a nontargeting protein-polymer-drug conjugate [HRP-P(BB)]. The universality of this method was further demonstrated by the enhanced uptake of trastuzumab (anti-Her2 antibody)-polymer-drug conjugates in MCF-7 (295%) and MDA-MB-435S (66.4%) (Her2 pos.) cells. The pos. charge of the linker had great influence on the targeting ability of the antibody-polymer-drug conjugates. The in vivo studies demonstrated the distinct targeting ability of Tf-P(BB) in the HepG2 xenograft tumor, and the tumor accumulation of the Tf-P(BB) testing group increased by 92% with respect to the control group [HRP-P(BB)]. More significantly, the HepG2 cell uptake amount of the antibody-oriented conjugate [Tf-P'(BB)] was 2.4-fold higher than that of the controlled group [Tf-P'(Hex)]. On the basis of this facile site-specific conjugation method, the conjugates are able to change the antibody species easily against various cancers, while maintaining the antibody integrity and targeting ability. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Formula: C6H12BrCl).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Formula: C6H12BrCl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovery, synthesis and anti-atherosclerotic activities of a novel selective sphingomyelin synthase 2 inhibitor was written by Li, Yali;Huang, Taomin;Lou, Bin;Ye, Deyong;Qi, Xiangyu;Li, Xiaoxia;Hu, Shuang;Ding, Tingbo;Chen, Yan;Cao, Yang;Mo, Mingguang;Dong, Jibin;Wei, Min;Chu, Yong;Li, Huiti;Jiang, Xian-Cheng;Cheng, Nengneng;Zhou, Lu. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Quality Control of 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2) is a potential target for pharmacol. intervention in atherosclerosis. However, so far, few selective SMS2 inhibitors and their pharmacol. activities were reported. In this study, a class of 2-benzyloxybenzamides were discovered as novel SMS2 inhibitors through scaffold hopping and structural optimization. Among them, Ly93 as one of the most potent inhibitors exhibited IC₅₀ values of 91 nM and 133.9 μM against purified SMS2 and SMS1 resp. The selectivity ratio of Ly93 was more than 1400-fold for purified SMS2 over SMS1. The in vitro studies indicated that Ly93 not only dose-dependently diminished apoB secretion from Huh7 cells, but also significantly reduced the SMS activity and increased cholesterol efflux from macrophages. Meanwhile, Ly93 inhibited the secretion of LPS-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine in macrophages. The pharmacokinetic profiles of Ly93 performed on C57BL/6J mice demonstrated that Ly93 was orally efficacious. As a potent selective SMS2 inhibitor, Ly93 significantly decreased the plasma SM levels of C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, Ly93 was capable of dose-dependently attenuating the atherosclerotic lesions in the root and the entire aorta as well as macrophage content in lesions, in apolipoprotein E gene knockout mice treated with Ly93. In conclusion, we discovered a novel selective SMS2 inhibitor Ly93 and demonstrated its anti-atherosclerotic activities in vivo. The preliminary mol. mechanism-of-action studies revealed its function in lipid homeostasis and inflammation process, which indicated that the selective inhibition of SMS2 would be a promising treatment for atherosclerosis. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Quality Control of 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Quality Control of 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Improved synthetic route to heteroleptic alkylphosphine oxides was written by Kendall, Alexander J.;Seidenkranz, Daniel T.;Tyler, David R.. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2017.Synthetic Route of C6H12BrCl The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A new method for the synthesis of heteroleptic alkylphosphine oxides R₂R¹P:O (R ≠ R¹) from secondary phosphine oxides R₂HP:O comprises reaction of alkyl halide R¹X with sodium phosphinite salt NaOPR₂ in THF at 22°, which gives high product yields for primary and, partially, for secondary alkyl halides. These reactions were fast at room temperature, sterically selective, high yielding, and >95% pure after an aqueous wash. Deprotonation of an secondary phosphine oxides (SPO) generates a phosphinite anion ([R₂P-O]^–) that was found to be highly selective for nucleophilic P-C bond formation (as opposed to O-C bond formation) with alkyl halides. Surprisingly, most strong organometallic bases failed to deprotonate SPOs to their resp. phosphinite anions (pK_as for most SPOs are <27). Only sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (NaHMDS) cleanly formed the phosphinite anion, which was stable in solution (0.1 M, 23° in THF) for over 24 h. The need for a very specific base to deprotonate suggests that both ion pairing and the conjugate acid play a role in stabilizing the phosphinite anion. Phosphinite anion reactivity followed the expected trend for an S_N2 mechanism on reaction with alkyl halides; elimination products were never observed A wide variety of heteroleptic alkylphosphine oxides were isolated in near-quant. yield with only an aqueous wash as purification This methodol. was then used to make new bis(phosphine oxide)alkanes and unsym. α,ω-bis(phosphine oxide)alkanes (R₂P(O)(CH₂)₃P(O)R¹₂) on the benchtop with unprecedented ease. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Synthetic Route of C6H12BrCl).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Synthetic Route of C6H12BrCl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effect of ionic composition on physicochemical properties of mono-ether functional ionic liquids was written by Zhou, Hancheng;Chen, Lifei;Wei, Zhuo;Lu, Yongjuan;Peng, Cheng;Zhang, Bin;Zhao, Xiaojuan;Wu, Lan;Wang, Yanbin. And the article was included in Molecules in 2019.Application of 6294-17-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Tunable properties prompt the development of different “tailor-made” functional ionic liquids (FILs) for specific tasks. FILs with an ether group are good solvents for many organic compounds and enzymic reactions. However, ionic composition influences the solubility by affecting the physiochem. properties of these FILs. To address the structure effect, a series of novel FILs with a mono-ether group (ME) based on imidazole were prepared through cationic functionalization and anionic exchange reactions, and characterized by NMR, mass spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric anal. (TGA). The effect of ionic composition (cationic structure and anions) on d., viscosity, ionic conductivity, electrochem. window, and thermal properties of these ME-FILs were systematically investigated. In general, the viscosity and heat capacity increases with the bigger cationic volume of ME-FILs; in particular, the 2-alkyl substitution of imidazolium enhances the viscosity remarkably, whereas the d. and conductivity decrease on the condition of the same [NTf₂]- anion; For these ME-FILs with the same cations, the d. follows the order of [NTf₂]- > [PF₆]- > [BF₄]-. The viscosity follows the order of [PF₆]- > [BF₄]- > [NTf₂]-. Ion conductivity follows the order of [NTf₂]- ~[BF₄]- > [PF₆]-. It is noted that the dynamic d. has a good linear relationship with the temperature, and the slopes are the same for all ME-FILs. Furthermore, these ME-FILs have broad electrochem. windows and glass transition temperatures in addition to a cold crystallization and a melt temperature for ME-FIL7. Therefore, the cationic structure and counter anion affect the physicochem. properties of these ME-FILs together. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Application of 6294-17-3).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Application of 6294-17-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, structures and properties of self-assembling quaternary ammonium dansyl fluorescent tags for porous and non-porous surfaces was written by Porosa, Lukasz M.;Mistry, Kamlesh B.;Mocella, Amanda;Deng, Hellen;Hamzehi, Shayan;Caschera, Alex;Lough, Alan J.;Wolfaardt, Gideon;Foucher, Daniel A.. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry B in 2014.Related Products of 6294-17-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A series of H₂O and/or EtOH soluble, self-assembling quaternary ammonium salts containing a dansyl (DNS) fluorescent moiety suitable for attachment to both porous ([DNS-NH-(CH₂)₃-NMe₂-R⁺][X^–] (2); R = -Si(OMe)₃, X^– = Cl^–) and non-porous (3a); R = -PO(OEt)₂, 3b; -PO(Oi-Pr)₂, 3c; -(PO(OH)₂, X^– = Br^–), 4; [DNS-NH-(CH₂)₃-NMe₂-(CH₂)₃-NH(CH₂PO(OEt)₂)₂⁺][Br^–], 5; R = -((CH₂)₃SCOCH₃, X^– = Cl^–), 6a; (R = -(CH₂)_nO(C₆H₄)CO(C₆H₅), n = 3, X^– = Br^–, 6b; n = 3, X^– = Cl^–, 6c; n = 3, X^– = I^–, 6d; n = 4, X^– = Br^–, 6e; n = 4, X^– = I^–, 6f; n = 6, X^– = Br^–, 6g; n = 6, X^– = Cl^–, 6h; n = 6, X^– = I^–), 7; (R = -CH₂-CH:CH₂, X^– = Br^–) surfaces were prepared from the precursor dansyl amine (1; DNS-NH-(CH₂)₃-NMe₂). Compounds 1-7 were characterized by NMR (¹H, ¹³C, ²⁹Si (2), ³¹P (3a-c, 4)) spectroscopy, HRMS, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Addnl. characterization of compounds 1 and 7 were carried out by X-ray structure determinations Phys. attachment of compound 2 to cotton surfaces after immersion in solutions containing fluorescent dyes was verified by exposure to UV light and by complexation with bromo-phenol blue that rendered the surfaces visibly blue in color. Phosphorus containing dansyl fluorescent dye, 3c, was attached to a stainless steel surface by exposure to an aqueous solution containing this dye, resulting in the formation of a self-assembled fluorescent monolayer. UV cure of plastic surfaces (polypropylene, silicon medical tubing) coated with compound 6a resulted in the covalent attachment of the dyes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Related Products of 6294-17-3).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Related Products of 6294-17-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

New Surfactant Phosphine Ligands and Platinum(II) Metallosurfactants. Influence of Metal Coordination on the Critical Micelle Concentration and Aggregation Properties was written by Parera, Elisabet;Comelles, Francesc;Barnadas, Ramon;Suades, Joan. And the article was included in Langmuir in 2010.Application of 6294-17-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The authors prepared the first Pt(II) metallosurfactants from a new family of linear surfactant phosphines Ph₂P(CH₂)_nSO₃Na {1 (n = 2), 2 (n = 6), and 3 (n = 10)}, which were synthesized by reaction between the halosulfonates X(CH₂)_nSO₃Na and sodium diphenylphosphide. The metallosurfactants cis-[PtCl₂L₂] (L = 1–3) were obtained after reaction between the phosphines and PtCl₂ in DMSO. All compounds were fully characterized by the usual methods {NMR (¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P, ¹⁹⁵Pt), IR, MS-ESI and HRMS}. By exploring the surfactant properties of phosphines 1–3 and their resp. Pt metallosurfactants cis-[PtCl₂L₂] (L = 1–3) through surface tension measurements, dynamic light scattering spectroscopy, and cryo-TEM microscopy, the authors were able to analyze the influence of the metal coordination on the critical micelle concentration (cmc) and the aggregation properties. The cmc values of Pt metallosurfactants were considerably lower than those obtained for the free phosphines 1–3. This behavior could be understood by an analogy between the structure of cis-[PtCl₂L₂] complexes and bolaform surfactants. The calculated values of area per mol. also showed different tendencies between 1–3 and cis-[PtCl₂L₂] complexes, which could be explained from the possible conformations of these compounds in the air-H₂O interface. The study of aggregates by dynamic light scattering spectroscopy and cryo-TEM microscopy showed the formation of spherical disperse medium size vesicles in all cases. However, substantial differences were observed between the three free phosphines (the population of micellar aggregates increased with long chain length) and also between phosphines and their resp. metallosurfactants. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Application of 6294-17-3).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Application of 6294-17-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of indocyanine green functionalized comblike poly(aspartic acid) derivatives for enhanced cancer cell ablation by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum was written by Wan, Jiaxun;Sun, Luyan;Wu, Pan;Wang, Fang;Guo, Jia;Cheng, Jianjun;Wang, Changchun. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2018.Formula: C6H12BrCl The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Undesired gene expression can lead to severe diseases such as cancers. Oncogenic proteins or survival factors encoded by oncogenes can sustain cancer cell survival and proliferation. Considering that proteins are manufactured and transported by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the destroying of oncogenic proteins within the ER could cut-off the process of undesired gene expression. In this study, a new type of ER targeting strategy was developed based on the coordination interaction of the Ca(II) ion rich ER lumen with the carboxyl group of poly(aspartic acid) (PAsp). A comblike polymer PAsp-g-(PEG-ICG) was rationally designed and successfully prepared by grafting azido-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the azido-modified photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) onto alkynyl-modified PAsp through the copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC). Here, ICG not only shows its importance as an imaging agent that reveals the distribution of PAsp-g-(PEG-ICG) micelles both at tissue and subcellular levels, but also acts as a protein destructive agent to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in protein denaturation. Moreover, chemotherapeutic drugs, such as paclitaxel, can be easily encapsulated into PAsp-g-(PEG-ICG) (PTX@PAsp-g-(PEG-ICG)) in up to 28% drug loading capacity with excellent stability. The exptl. results proved that the as-prepared PTX@PAsp-g-(PEG-ICG) micelles exhibited selective accumulation in the ER lumen of cancer cells. Thus, a 10-fold enhancement of ROS was obtained by incubating cancer cells with PAsp-g-(PEG-ICG) micelles at a PTX concentration of 1.0μg ml^-1 under laser irradiation (0.2 W cm^-2, 785 nm, 30 s) for 24 h, leading to disruption of proteins in the ER that caused ER stress-induced cancer cell apoptosis up to 76%. In a cytotoxicity test, U-87 MG glioma cells incubated with PTX@PAsp-g-(PEG-ICG) at the PTX concentration of 2.5μg ml^-1 were reduced to nearly 0% of cell viability upon 24 h laser irradiation (2 W cm^-2, 785 nm, 30 s), in comparison with free PTX that showed 60% cell viability under the same conditions, indicating that photodynamic therapy (PDT) remarkably enhanced chemotherapeutic effects. With the good combination of PDT and chemotherapy, the PTX@PAsp-g-(PEG-ICG) micelles offer unprecedented advantages by effectively targeting the ER and displayed a prolonged retention time in the tumors of U-87 MG bearing nude mice, providing great promise for manipulating biomaterial design to achieve the intended ER targeted delivery for non-invasive cancer therapy. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Formula: C6H12BrCl).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Formula: C6H12BrCl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics