Category: 6249-56-5

Grob, Cyril A. published the artcilePolar effects. Part II. The transmission of polar effects, Application of 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, the publication is Helvetica Chimica Acta (1977), 60(2), 391-9, database is CAplus.

Comparison of pKa values for the ammonia acids Me3N+(CH2)nCO2H ClO4- (n = 1, 2, 3), I (R = 2-, 3-, 4-CO2H), and II (same R) with the pKa values for the homomorphous acids Me3C(CH2)nCO2H (n = 1, 2, 3), III (R = 2-, 3-, 4-CO2H) and IV (same R) permits an evaluation of the steric effect of the Me3N+ group. The pKa values, corrected for the steric effect, correlate with the reciprocal distance between the pos. N atom and the dissociable proton. Thus, the acidity of these acids is determined by the field effect, not the inductive effect, of the Me3N+ groups.

Helvetica Chimica Acta published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Application of 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Raddatz, Peter published the artcileSubstrate analog renin inhibitors containing replacements of histidine in P₂ or isosteres of the amide bond between P₃ and P₂ sites, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1991), 34(11), 3267-80, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Title analogs, e.g. I [Boc = Me₃CO₂C; X = Gly, β-Ala, NH(CH₂)₃CO, Ala], II, and III [X¹ = COCH₂CH₂CO, (S)-CH(OH)CH₂CH₂CO, (R)-CH(OH)CH₂CH₂CO, COCH₂SCH₂CO, (S)-CH(OH)CH₂SCH₂CO, (R)-CH(OH)CH₂SCH₂CO, COCH₂SOCH₂CO, COCH₂SO₂CH₂CO], were prepared as renin inhibitors. Oral activity was achieved by incorporation of polar functionalities at the N-terminus of β-alanine-containing tetrapeptides.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Related Products of chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Peng, Liang published the artcileSurrogate based accurate quantification of endogenous acetylcholine in murine brain by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, Name: 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, the publication is Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences (2011), 879(32), 3927-3931, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Cholinergic dysfunction is known as a hallmark feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Measurement of endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) in specific brain regions is important in understanding the pathol. of AD and in designing and evaluating novel cholinomimetic agents for the treatment of AD. Since ACh is an endogenous neurotransmitter, there is no real blank matrix available to construct standard curves. It has been a challenging task to determine ACh in complex brain matrixes. To overcome these difficulties, we employed a surrogate analyte strategy using ACh-d₄ instead of ACh to generate calibration curves and Ch-d₉ as internal standard (IS). The brain samples were deproteinized by acetonitrile with IS. Analytes and IS were separated by a HILIC column with the mobile phase composed of 20 mM ammonium formate in water-acetonitrile (30:70, volume/volume, adjusted to pH 3.0 with formic acid) and monitored in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using a pos. electrospray source. The concentrations of endogenous ACh were calculated based on the peak area ratio of the analyte to the IS using a regression equation for the corresponding surrogate standard (ACh-d₄). The lower limit of detection was 0.2 ng/mL and linearity was maintained over the range of 10-1000 ng/mL. Compared to other currently available methods, this approach offers improved accuracy and precision for efficient anal. of ACh. The proposed method was proved successfully by evaluating the action of typical acetylcholinesterase inhibitor huperzine A in senescence accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8).

Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Name: 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shinohara, Naoki published the artcileSelective Modification of the N-Terminal Structure of Polytheonamide B Significantly Changes its Cytotoxicity and Activity as an Ion Channel, Safety of 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, the publication is ChemMedChem (2012), 7(10), 1770-1773, S1770/1-S1770/7, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Polytheonamide B is an extremely cytotoxic natural product and is the largest nonribosomal peptide that has been described to date. Polytheonamide B is a linear chain polypeptide containing an N-terminal 5,5-dimethyl-2-oxohexanoate group (Ncap) and 48 amino acid residues of alternating D– and L-chirality; in addition, the secondary structure of this peptide was recently reported to be a remarkable β^6,3 helix with a length of approx. 45 Å. This helical tube structure is thought to function as a transmembrane ion channel in which the 4 Å hydrophobic pore provides a path for ion translocation. Planar bilayer experiments have previously demonstrated that the monomeric form of polytheonamide B functions as a monovalent cation-selective channel. The present work describes the synthesis of seven derivatives of polytheonamide B and examines the effect of N-terminal modification on cytotoxicity and ion channel activity.

ChemMedChem published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C20H17FO4S, Safety of 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hand, Owen W. published the artcileOrganic reactions at surfaces: a study of carnitine by secondary ion mass spectrometry, Synthetic Route of 6249-56-5, the publication is Organic Mass Spectrometry (1988), 23(1), 16-25, database is CAplus.

Carnitine inner salt, Me₃N⁺CH₂CH(OH)CH₂CO₂^–, and carnitine hydrochloride, Me₃N⁺CH₂CH(OH)CH₂CO₂H Cl^–, in the solid state undergo ion-beam-induced intermol. Me transfer reactions as shown by Me₃N⁺CH₂CH(OH)CH₂CO₂Me ions at m/z 176 in their pos. ion spectra. In the case of carnitine HCl, the product ion is three times as abundant as the intact cation. For the inner salt however, the product is less than one-tenth as abundant as [M + H]⁺. In both cases, the reaction can be precluded by dissolution of the sample, supporting an intermol. mechanism. The neg. ion spectra for these compounds contain no [M – CH₃]^– ions, suggesting that simple transmethylation does not occur. Rather it is proposed that the inner salt abstracts a Me group from the intact carnitine cation to yield [M + CH₃]⁺ and a neutral species, the driving force being a minimization of the total number of charges desorbed into the gas phase. Thermodn. data favor this mechanism as do data for other carnitine salts. The reaction appears to be inhibited when one reactant is present in excess. This is the case for carnitine HNO₃ and CH₃SO₃H, which tend to liberate the intact cation since the anions are large and polarizable. It is also the case for small, hard anions like fluoride, which appear to favor release of the inner salt, hence the cation at m/z 162 is of low abundance and the transmethylation product (m/z 176) is absent. The extent of the reaction is also dependent on the methods of preparation of the sample, and deposition of the salts from solution greatly reduces the extent of Me transfer. [M – CH₃]^– is observed when glycerol is used as a matrix, possibly due to a matrix-analyte Me transfer reaction.

Organic Mass Spectrometry published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Synthetic Route of 6249-56-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Elssner, Thomas published the artcileIsolation, Identification, and Synthesis of γ-Butyrobetainyl-CoA and Crotonobetainyl-CoA, Compounds Involved in Carnitine Metabolism of E. coli, Product Details of C7H16ClNO2, the publication is Biochemistry (2000), 39(35), 10761-10769, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A still unknown low-mol.-mass cofactor essential for the activity of carnitine-metabolizing enzymes (e.g., L-carnitine dehydratase, crotonobetaine reductase) from E. coli has been purified to homogeneity from a cell-free extract of E. coli O44K74. The purity of the cofactor was confirmed by HPLC anal. Biosynthesis of the unknown compound was only observed when bacteria were cultivated anaerobically in the presence of L-carnitine or crotonobetaine. The determined properties, together with results obtained from UV-visible, ¹H NMR, and mass spectrometry, indicate that the compound in question is a new CoA derivative The esterified compound was suggested to be γ-butyrobetaine – a metabolite of carnitine metabolism of E. coli. Proof of structure was performed by chem. synthesis. Besides γ-butyrobetainyl-CoA, a second new CoA derivative, crotonobetainyl-CoA, was also chem. synthesized. Both CoA derivatives were purified and their structures confirmed using NMR and mass spectrometry. Comparisons of structural data and of the chem. properties of γ-butyrobetainyl-CoA, crotonobetainyl-CoA, and the isolated cofactor verified that the unknown compound is γ-butyrobetainyl-CoA. The phys. and chem. properties of γ-butyrobetainyl-CoA and crotonobetainyl-CoA are similar to known CoA derivatives

Biochemistry published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Product Details of C7H16ClNO2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gross, Carol J. published the artcileUptake of L-carnitine, D-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine by isolated guinea pig enterocytes, Application of 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, the publication is Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Molecular Cell Research (1986), 886(3), 425-33, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Uptake and metabolism of D– and L– isomers of carnitine (I), and acetyl-L–I were studied in isolated guinea pig enterocytes. Uptake of the D– and L-isomers of I was temperature dependent. Uptake of L-[¹⁴C]I by jejunal cells was Na⁺ dependent since replacement by Li⁺, K⁺, or choline greatly reduced uptake. L– And D–I developed intracellular-to-extracellular concentration gradients for total I (free plus acetylated) of 2.7 and 1.4, resp. However, acetylation of L–I accounted almost entirely for the difference between uptake of L– and D–I. About 60% of the intracellular label was acetyl-L–I after 30 min, and the remainder was free L–I. No other products were observed D–I was not metabolized. Acetyl-L–I was deacetylated during or immediately after uptake into intestinal cells and a portion of this newly formed intracellular free I was apparently reacetylated. L– And D–I transport (after adjustment for metabolism and diffusion) was evaluated over a concentration range of 2-1000 μM. K_m Values of 6-7 μM and 5 μM were estimated for L– and D–I, resp. Ileal cell uptake was âˆ?/2 that found for jejunal cells, but the labeled intracellular acetyl-I-to-I ratios were similar for both cell populations. I transport by guinea pig enterocytes demonstrated characteristics of a carrier-mediated process since it was inhibited by D–I and trimethylaminobutyrate, as well as being temperature and concentration dependent. The process appeared to be facilitated diffusion rather than active transport since L–I did not develop a significant concentration gradient and was unaffected by ouabain or actinomycin A.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Molecular Cell Research published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Application of 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Thoma, William J. published the artcileEffect of vitamin C deficiency on hydroxylation of trimethylaminobutyrate to carnitine in the guinea pig, SDS of cas: 6249-56-5, the publication is Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, General Subjects (1984), 797(1), 136-9, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The effect of ascorbate  [50-81-7] deficiency on carnitine  [541-15-1] biosynthesis was investigated in young male guinea pigs. Liver and skeletal muscle carnitine levels were reduced in scorbutic animals. Heart and kidney concentrations remained unchanged. ¹⁴C-labeled 4-N-trimethylaminobutyrate  [407-64-7] was administered to controls, pair-fed, and scorbutic animals and distribution of isotope in compounds present in the liver after 30 min was determined Control and pair-fed animals converted trimethylaminobutyrate to carnitine faster than scorbutic animals. Injection of ascorbate with the [¹⁴C]trimethylaminobutyrate reversed the decline in trimethylaminobutyrate hydroxylase (EC 1.14.11.1) [56803-11-3] activity in scorbutic animals.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, General Subjects published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C9H5Cl2F3, SDS of cas: 6249-56-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Serrano, Jose S. published the artcileCompared efficacy of quinidine, GABA and N-trimethyl GABA upon a model of ventricular automaticity, Recommanded Product: 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, the publication is Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (1983), 5(4), 251-4, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The effects of GABA  [56-12-2], its quaternary derivative N-trimethyl-GABA  [10329-41-6], and quinidine  [56-54-2] were studied in a model of ventricular automaticity induced in the isolated ventricle of the rat. GABA showed low antiautomatic activity. N-Trimethyl-GABA and quinidine were, however, very effective drugs in the reduction of the automatic ventricular rate. The efficacies of the latter 2 drugs at 5 × 10^-5 M were not significantly different. Thus, N-trimethyl-GABA has antiautomatic activity in this exptl. model similar to that of the classic antidysrhythmic drug quinidine.

Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C10H7NO3, Recommanded Product: 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pitts-McCoy, Anthony M. published the artcileGas-phase ion/ion chemistry as a probe for the presence of carboxylate groups in polypeptide cations, Product Details of C7H16ClNO2, the publication is Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry (2019), 30(2), 329-338, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The reactivity of 1-hydroxybenzoyl triazole (HOBt) esters with the carboxylate functionality present in peptides is demonstrated in the gas phase with a doubly deprotonated dianion. The reaction forms an anhydride linkage at the carboxylate site. Upon ion trap collisional-induced dissociation (CID) of the modified peptide, the resulting spectrum shows a nominal loss of the mass of the reagent and a water mol. Analogous phenomenol. was also noted for model peptide cations that likely contain zwitterionic/salt-bridged motifs in reactions with a neg. charged HOBt ester. Control experiments indicate that a carboxylate group is the likely reactive site, rather than other possible nucleophilic sites present in the peptide. These observations suggest that HOBt ester chem. may be used as a chem. probe for the presence and location of carboxylate groups in net pos. charged polypeptide ions. As an illustration, deprotonated sulfobenzoyl HOBt was reacted with the [M+7H]⁷⁺ ion of ubiquitin. The ion was shown to react with the reagent and CID of the covalent reaction product yielded an abundant [M+6H-H₂O]⁶⁺ ion. Comparison of the CID product ion spectrum of this ion with that of the water loss product generated from CID of the unmodified [M+6H]⁶⁺ ion revealed the glutamic acid at residue 64 as a reactive site, suggesting that it is present in the deprotonated form.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry published new progress about 6249-56-5. 6249-56-5 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Phase Transfer Catalyst,Inhibitor,Natural product, name is 3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride, and the molecular formula is C7H16ClNO2, Product Details of C7H16ClNO2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics