Category: 118-45-6

Mushtaq, Nafeesa; Chen, Guofei; Sidra, Lala Rukh; Liu, Yang; Fang, Xingzhong published the artcile< Synthesis and crosslinking study of isomeric poly(thioether ether imide)s containing pendant nitrile and terminal phthalonitrile groups>, HPLC of Formula: 118-45-6, the main research area is isomeric polythioether ether imide pendant nitrile terminal phthalonitrile group.

Two novel series of highly organosol. and curable polyimides containing pendant nitrile groups PI (a-d) and phthalonitrile-terminated polyimides PN-PI (a-d) were prepared by solution polycondensation of isomeric bis(chlorophthalimides)s and 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile with 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol. The inherent viscosities of these copolymers were in the range of 0.37-0.59 dL g-1 in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) at 30 °C. The phthalonitrile and pendant nitrile groups in isomeric poly(thioether-ether-imide)s were thermally crosslinked without a catalyst through thermal curing up to 280-360 °C, which led to the transformation from thermoplastic polymers to thermosetting polymers. All PIs before and after crosslinking were characterized by gel permeation chromatog. (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform IR (FT-IR) spectroscopy. PN-PI (a-d) and PI (a-d) were found to be highly soluble in some solvents, such as chloroform, dimethylacetamide, m-cresol, dimethlyformamide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, while the crosslinked polymers were insoluble in all tested solvents. The crosslinking results of pendant nitrile and terminal phthalonitrile groups are also compared. Both series of PIs showed high thermal stability based on 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) in the range of 471-509 °C and increased up to 35 °C after thermal curing. Polyimides showed high glass transition temperatures (Tgs) ranging from 191-213 °C as determined by DSC, but no detectable Tg was observed after thermal heating, indicating the crosslinked structure of PIs. The mech. properties also enhanced after the crosslinking of the copolymers. The tensile modulus and strength of the cured PI films were in the range of 3.3-4.7 GPa and 68-122 MPa, resp., which were up to 62% and 35% higher than the uncured films.

Polymer Chemistry published new progress about Elongation at break. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, HPLC of Formula: 118-45-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kushch, Olga; Hordieieva, Iryna; Novikova, Katerina; Litvinov, Yurii; Kompanets, Mykhailo; Shendrik, Alexander; Opeida, Iosip published the artcile< Kinetics of N-oxyl Radicals' Decay>, COA of Formula: C8H3ClO3, the main research area is imide phthalimide nitroxide radical decomposition kinetics.

N-oxyl radicals of various structures were generated by oxidation of corresponding N-hydroxy compounds with iodobenzene diacetate, [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)]iodobenzene, and ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate in acetonitrile. The decay rate of N-oxyl radicals follows first-order kinetics and depends on the structure of N-oxyl radicals, reaction conditions, and the nature of the solvent and oxidant. The values of the self-decay constants change within 1.4 x 10-4 s-1 for the 3,4,5,6-tetraphenylphthalimide-N-oxyl radical to 1.4 x 10-2 s-1 for the 1-benzotriazole-N-oxyl radical. It was shown that the rate constants of the phthalimide-N-oxyl radicals’ self-decay with different electron-withdrawing or -donor substituents in the benzene ring are higher than that of the unsubstituted phthalimide-N-oxyl radical in most cases. The solvent effect on the process of phthalimide-N-oxyl radical self-decomposition was investigated. The dependence of the rate constants on the Gutmann donor numbers was shown.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Cyclic imides Role: FMU (Formation, Unclassified), PEP (Physical, Engineering or Chemical Process), PRP (Properties), RCT (Reactant), FORM (Formation, Nonpreparative), PROC (Process), RACT (Reactant or Reagent) (N-oxyl radicals of). 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, COA of Formula: C8H3ClO3.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mushtaq, Nafeesa; Chen, Guofei; Sidra, Lala Rukh; Zhang, Anjiang; Fang, Xingzhong published the artcile< Kinetic Studies of Bischloroimide Monomers for the Facile Synthesis of Different Molecular Architecture Poly(phthalimide-co-naphthalimide)s>, Recommanded Product: 5-Chloroisobenzofuran-1,3-dione, the main research area is polyphthalimide naphthalimide bischloroimide kinetics thermal mech property.

A series of different mol. architecture (homo, random, block and gradient type) copolymers PI-3(a-e) were synthesized by solution polycondensation. Three different bischloroimide monomers [bischlorophthalimide 2a, bischloronaphthalimide 2b and bischloro (naphthalimide-phthalimide) 2c] were prepared and reacted with 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol by different synthetic routes. The chem. reactivity of these monomers 2(a-c) was examined by kinetic study of model compounds N-phenyl-4-chloro-1,8-naphthalimide and N-phenyl-4-chlorophthalimide using gas chromatog. mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The difference in chem. reactivity of monomers was utilized to design mol. architecture of copolymer, and the influence of comonomers sequence on copolymer properties is investigated. The synthesized copolyimides PI-3(a-e) integrated the excellent properties of naphthalimide and phthalimide as good organosoly., high glass transition temperature of 198-319°C and good thermooxidative stability based on 5% weight loss temperature of 492-524°C and 480-532°C in nitrogen and air, resp. Gradient type sequence PI-3 e offers a good combination of phthalimide and naphthalimide groups in copolymers for improved thermal and mech. properties.

ChemistrySelect published new progress about Absorption (water). 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Recommanded Product: 5-Chloroisobenzofuran-1,3-dione.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Habibi, Davood; Marvi, Omid published the artcile< Montmorillonite KSF and montmorillonite K-10 clays as efficient catalysts for the solventless synthesis of bismaleimides and bisphthalimides using microwave irradiation>, Reference of 118-45-6, the main research area is bismaleimide bisphthalimide microwave irradiation montmorillonite clay catalyst solventless.

Different bismaleimides and bisphthalimides were synthesized in a simple and environmentally benign method from the condensation reaction of maleic and phthalic anhydrides with different diamines on montmorillonite KSF and montmorillonite K-10 clays as solid acidic catalysts by microwave irradiations under the solvent-free conditions in good yields and short reaction times.

ARKIVOC (Gainesville, FL, United States) published new progress about Microwave irradiation. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Reference of 118-45-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Chen; Wang, Yongli; Yin, Qiuxiang; Xu, Zhao; Bao, Ying; Hou, Baohong; Liu, Wei; Hao, Hongxun published the artcile< Solubilities of 3-Chlorophthalic Anhydride and 4-Chlorophthalic Anhydride in Different Pure Solvents>, Name: 5-Chloroisobenzofuran-1,3-dione, the main research area is solubility chlorophthalic anhydride pure solvent.

To help the development of separation technol. for the mixture of 3-chlorophthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophthalic anhydride, the solubility data of 3-chlorophthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophthalic anhydride in tert-amyl alc., carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, methanol, Me acetate, and acetonitrile were measured at of 283.15 K to 328.15 K by a static method. The solubilities of both 3-chlorophthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophthalic anhydride increased with the increase of temperature The exptl. solubility data in six pure solvents were correlated by the modified Apelblat equation, the van’t Hoff equation, the λh (Buchowski) equation, and the NRTL model, among which the modified Apelblat equation can give better correlation results than other models. In addition, the dissolution thermodn. properties, including enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy were determined The exptl. data would be of great significance for the design and optimization of the crystallization processes of 3-chlorophthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophthalic anhydride.

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data published new progress about Entropy (of solution). 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Name: 5-Chloroisobenzofuran-1,3-dione.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Xiaojie; Jing, Xin; Zhao, Yong; Wang, Wei; Yu, Liangmin; Sun, Mingliang published the artcile< Small Organic Molecule Based Photoelectrodes for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Cathodic Protection>, Product Details of C8H3ClO3, the main research area is small organic mol photoelectrode efficient photoelectrochem cathodic protection.

Photoelectrochem. cathodic protection (PECCP) as a branch of photocatalysis and photoelectrochem. holds great promise for efficient anticorrosion. Organic semiconductors with tunable bandgaps and favorable optoelectronic properties were attracting more attention in the photoelectrochem. (PEC) field. However, its application for PECCP was marginally explored. Herein, the authors successfully fabricated a small organic mol. (ITIC: 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1- dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11tetrakis(4hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2,3′-d’]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b’]dithiophene) based photoelectrode for PECCP of 304 stainless steel (304SS). The PEC research proved that it could provide PECCP for 304SS with a photoinduced potential drop of 100 mV. A mol. structure design strategy was also adopted to broaden the light absorption spectrum of ITIC by halogenating the terminal group with the Cl atom. The obtained ITIC derivate (IT-2Cl)-based photoelectrode provided a higher photoinduced potential drop of 150 mV for PECCP of 304SS. More impressively, the separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs was promoted and the electron transportation was accelerated, when introducing TiOx thin film as the electron acceptor and electron transportation channel in the photoelectrode. Consequently, the PECCP for 304SS was dramatically enhanced, with the potential drop increasing to 290 mV. The flexible mol. design strategy and improved PECCP performance proposed a guideline for the potential applications of organic semiconductor-based photoelectrodes in the PECCP field.

ACS Applied Electronic Materials published new progress about Cathodic protection. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Product Details of C8H3ClO3.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Krylov, Igor B.; Kompanets, Mykhailo O.; Novikova, Katerina V.; Opeida, Iosip O.; Kushch, Olga V.; Shelimov, Boris N.; Nikishin, Gennady I.; Levitsky, Dmitri O.; Terentev, Alexander O. published the artcile< Well-known mediators of selective oxidation with unknown electronic structure: Metal-free generation and EPR study of imide-N-oxyl radicals>, COA of Formula: C8H3ClO3, the main research area is mediator selective oxidation electronic structure imideNoxyl radical.

Nitroxyl radicals are widely used in chem., materials sciences, and biol. Imide-N-oxyl radicals are subclass of unique nitroxyl radicals that proved to be useful catalysts and mediators of selective oxidation and CH-functionalization. An efficient metal-free method was developed for the generation of imide-N-oxyl radicals from N-hydroxyimides at room temperature by the reaction with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene. The method allows for the production of high concentrations of free radicals and provides high resolution of their EPR spectra exhibiting the superhyperfine structure from benzene ring protons distant from the radical center. An anal. of the spectra shows that, regardless of the electronic effects of the substituents in the benzene ring, the superhyperfine coupling constant of an unpaired electron with the distant protons at positions 4 and 5 of the aromatic system is substantially greater than that with the protons at positions 3 and 6 that are closer to the N-oxyl radical center. This is indicative of an unusual character of the spin d. distribution of the unpaired electron in substituted phthalimide-N-oxyl radicals. Understanding of the nature of the electron d. distribution in imide-N-oxyl radicals may be useful for the development of com. mediators of oxidation based on N-hydroxyimides.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A published new progress about Electron spin density. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, COA of Formula: C8H3ClO3.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

El’tsov, A. V.; Sokolova, N. B.; Grigor’ev, A. D.; Dmitrieva, N. M.; Shtol’vin, A. S. published the artcile< Synthesis of Quinizarin and Its Derivatives under Conditions of Microwave Activation>, Application In Synthesis of 118-45-6, the main research area is microwave quinizarin preparation; anthracenedione dihydroxy microwave quinizarin preparation; isoindoledione chlorophenol microwave quinizarin preparation; cyclocondensation phthalic anhydride chlorophenol microwave quinizarin preparation.

In a microwave field, phthalic anhydride reacts with p-chlorophenol to give 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone (quinizarin) within 10 min. The reaction with 4-chlorophthalic anhydride occurs similarly. Phthalic and chlorophthalic acids can be used instead of anhydrides. 3-Nitrophthalic acid and 3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalic anhydride do not react with p-chlorophenol under these conditions.

Russian Journal of General Chemistry (Translation of Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii) published new progress about Cyclocondensation reaction. 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Application In Synthesis of 118-45-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lidston, Claire A. L.; Abel, Brooks A.; Coates, Geoffrey W. published the artcile< Bifunctional Catalysis Prevents Inhibition in Reversible-Deactivation Ring-Opening Copolymerizations of Epoxides and Cyclic Anhydrides>, Electric Literature of 118-45-6, the main research area is bifunctional catalysis ring opening copolymerization epoxide cyclic anhydride.

Reversible-deactivation chain transfer is a viable strategy to increase the catalytic efficiency of ring-opening polymerizations, such as the alternating copolymerization of epoxides and cyclic anhydrides. In conjunction with the catalyst, protic chain transfer agents (CTAs) initiate polymerization and facilitate rapid proton transfer between active and dormant chains. Functional-group-tolerant Lewis acid catalysts are therefore required to successfully apply protic CTAs in reversible-deactivation ring-opening copolymerizations (RD-ROCOP), yet the predominant binary Lewis acid catalyst/nucleophilic cocatalyst systems suffer lower polymerization rates when used with protic CTAs. New mechanistic insight into the inhibition pathways reveals that the alc. chain ends compete with epoxide binding to the Lewis acid and hydrogen-bond with anionic chain ends to impede epoxide ring opening. We report that a bifunctional aminocyclopropenium aluminum salen complex maintains excellent activity in the presence of protic functionality, exhibiting resilience against these inhibition pathways, even at high CTA concentrations We apply reversible-deactivation chain transfer in the bifunctional ROCOP system to demonstrate precise mol.-weight control, CTA functional group scope, and accessible polymer architectures.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Anhydrides, cyclic Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Electric Literature of 118-45-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bukuroshi, Esmeralda; Wong, Siena; Mudigonda, Thanmayee; Nova, Kyle; Dumont, Antoine; Holst, Devon; Lu, Zheng-Hong; Bender, Timothy P. published the artcile< Molecular engineering of α and β peripherally tri-halogenated substituted boron subphthalocyanines as mixed alloys to control physical and electrochemical properties for organic photovoltaic applications>, Application of C8H3ClO3, the main research area is trihalogenated substituted boron subphthalocyanine alloy organic photovoltaic electrochem property.

The chirality feature of C1 and C3 boron subphthalocyanines (BsubPcs) is an attractive property in material science and supramol. chem. Normally in the field, enantiomeric mixtures are separated through a standard process. The goal of this study was to determine if the mixture of BsubPc enantiomers could form a mixed alloyed composition in the solid state, which is very relevant to their potential application in the organic electronic field. We present the synthesis and phys. characteristics of a selection of four chiral BsubPc mixtures These BsubPcs are specifically trichlorinated and trifluorinated in the periphery, such as Cl-βF3BsubPc, Cl-αF3BsubPc, Cl-βCl3BsubPc and Cl-αCl3BsubPc. The isomeric (C1/C3) ratios of each BsubPc were determined by NMR. Single-crystal XRD of all four BsubPc mixtures showed that the C1 and C3 isomers co-crystallized within their resp. lattices forming solid-state mixed alloyed compositions The structures of Cl-αF3BsubPc and Cl-βF3BsubPc crystallized in the same lattice as Cl-BsubPc, with some expansion of the unit cell volume, while the trichlorinated BsubPcs did not due to the large van der Waals radii of the chlorine atoms. This set of mixed alloyed BsubPcs was also integrated into organic solar cells/photovoltaics (OSCs/OPVs) as both non-fullerene electron acceptors and as electron donors. It was confirmed that these BsubPc isomers/enantiomers are applicable in OPVs as mixed alloyed compositions, with more promising functionality as non-fullerene electron acceptors given their significant contribution to the EQE spectra. Further mol. engineering of these materials will be made to enhance their OPV performance and to explore their bifunctional charge carrier mobility roles.

Molecular Systems Design & Engineering published new progress about Alloys Role: PEP (Physical, Engineering or Chemical Process), PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PROC (Process), PREP (Preparation). 118-45-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H3ClO3, Application of C8H3ClO3.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics