Category: 1002-41-1

D’Agostino, P. A. published the artcileGas chromatographic retention indexes of chemical warfare agents and simulants, HPLC of Formula: 1002-41-1, the publication is Journal of Chromatography (1985), 331(1), 47-54, database is CAplus.

Temperature-programmed retention indexes, relative to a homologous n-alkane series, were determined for 22 chem. warfare agents and simulants using fused-silica capillary columns coated with DB-1, DB-5, DB-1701, and DBWAX films. Reproducibility of retention indexes, based on Van den Dool’s equation, was excellent over the course of the study. The applicability of this method for compound verification was demonstrated by the anal. of a soil sample containing chem. warfare agents. In addition, an on-column injector of the design was evaluated for use with wide bore fused-silica capillary columns.

Journal of Chromatography published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, HPLC of Formula: 1002-41-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

D’Agostino, Paul A. published the artcileCapillary column isobutane chemical ionization mass spectrometry of mustard and related compounds, Application of 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, the publication is Biomedical & Environmental Mass Spectrometry (1988), 15(10), 553-64, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Capillary column isobutane chem. ionization was an excellent method for the mass spectral characterization of mustard, other S vesicants, and related compounds Interpretation of [M + H]⁺ and fragmentation ion information afforded by this technique enabled the identification of many previously unreported mustard impurities. The developed methodol. was applied to the anal. of an Iran/Iraq soil sample suspected to have been contaminated with mustard. Mustard and 17 other mustard related impurities were identified and characterized in this sample under electron impact and isobutane chem. ionization conditions.

Biomedical & Environmental Mass Spectrometry published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, Application of 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

D’Agostino, P. A. published the artcileGas chromatographic retention indexes of sulfur vesicants and related compounds, Safety of 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, the publication is Journal of Chromatography (1988), 436(3), 399-411, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Temperature-programmed retention indexes, relative to a normal alkane homologous series, were determined for 37 sulfur vesicant or vesicant-related compounds using DB-1, DB-5, and DB-1701 fused-silica capillary columns. Many of the compounds, including long chain dichloro, vinylchloro, vinyl alc. and macrocyclic compounds have either not been previously identified or have not been associated with sulfur vesicant anal. Reproducibility of the retention indexes, based on Van den Dool’s equation, was excellent over the course of the study. In addition, changes in retention index (ΔRI), which may enable the prediction of uncharacterized homolog chromatog. behavior, were calculated for several homologous series.

Journal of Chromatography published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, Safety of 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fuson, Reynold C. published the artcileLevinstein mustard gas. I. 2-Haloalkylsulfenyl halides, SDS of cas: 1002-41-1, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (1946), 469-74, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In the reaction mechanism postulated by Conant, et al. ( C.A. 14, 1677), ClCH₂CH₂SCl (I) is suggested as an intermediate in the formation of (ClCH₂CH₂)₂S (II) although I has never been obtained in a pure state. When 169 g. Cl is passed into 453 g. (ClCH₂CH₂)₂S₂ (III) in dry CCl₄ at such a rate that the temperature does not exceed 10° the solvent distilled off, and the residue fractionated, 57-79% I, b₁₅ 47-7.5° n_D²⁰ 1.5290, is obtained. I, orange liquid, is moderately stable when kept in a brown bottle in the refrigerator. The residue (173 g.) from the distillation, on further fractionation, gives III and a new compound, C₄H₇Cl₃S₂, yellow liquid, n_D^21.8 1.5768. When I is treated with KI, III is formed with liberation of iodine. When I is treated with H₂O, III, b₂ 83-8°, n_D²⁰ 1.5670, m. 1° is formed, in addition to an unidentified product, probably the thiosulfonic ester. When equal mols. I and S are heated for 3 h. at 60-5° and distilled, S₂Cl₂, III and (ClCH₂CH₂)₂S₃ (IV) are obtained. Oxidation of 4.8 g. I with 30 cc. HNO₃ (d. 1.42) on a steam bath, evaporation to dryness, dissolution of the residue in an excess of NH₄OH, and evaporation again give 79% ClCH₂CH₂SO₂ONH₄, m. 191-3°. When CH₂:CH₂ is passed into 10 g. I in 90 cc. CCl₄, the solution is decolorized with formation of 70% II, b₁ 54-5°, n_D²⁰ 1.5281. I and cydohexene (V) give 69% 2-chlorocyclohexyl 2-chloroethyl sulfide (VI), b_0.2 84-6° (p-tolylsulfonylsulfilimine, prepared by treating VI with Chloramine-T, m. 145.5-6° (preheated bath)). When 185 g. I is dropped into 1500 cc. AcOEt over a period of 2 h. saturated with CHCH at 0° with continuous introduction of CHCH, 56% 2-chloroethyl 2-chlorovinyl sulfide, b_0.15 30°, b_0.75 46°, m. -24° n_D²⁰ 1.5480 (p-tolylsulfonylsulfilimine m. 105-5.5° sulfone, platelets from petr. ether, m. 37.5-8°), is obtained. When 35 g. I and Me₂CO are allowed to react, HCl is evolved and the solution becomes colorless, giving acetonyl 2-chloroethyl sulfide, b_0.75 76-85° (semicarbazone m. 145-6°). When I and piperazine are allowed to react according to Rheinboldt and Mott (C.A. 33, 4959.4), 1,4-bis(2-chloroethylmercapto)piperazine, needles from EtOH, m. 117-18° is obtained. When III is treated with Br in 150 cc. CCl₄, ClCH₂CH₂SBr is obtained after distilling off the solvent in vacuo at room temperature It decomposes on distillation at 3 mm. When V is added to the bromination reaction mixture, 75% 2-bromocyclohexyl 2-chloroethyl sulfide is formed, decomposing slightly on distillation at 0.35 mm. (p-tolylsulfonylsulfilimine, crystals from EtOH, m. 145-6°).

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, SDS of cas: 1002-41-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fuson, Reynold C. published the artcileLevinstein mustard gas. IV. The bis(2-chloroethyl)polysulfides, Recommanded Product: 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (1946), 487-98, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In the preparation of II according to the L. process, a considerable amount of products with a high S content is formed. These products are considered to consist of bis(2-chloroethyl) polysulfides (XXVII) (cf. Conant, et al., loc. cit.). XXVII are identified and synthesized. H₂O₂ (503 g., 30%) is slowly added over a period of 2 hrs. to 624 g. XX with stirring and cooling to maintain a temperature of 50-60°. The mixture is kept 2 hrs. and the H₂O distilled off in vacuo. Heating the crude (HOCH₂CH₂)₂S₂ (XXVIII) with 2800 cc. concentrated HCl on a steam bath for 0.5 hr. gives 94% III, b_0.4 97-8°, n_D²⁰ 1.5656. An apparatus for a continuous process for the preparation of III is described. When to Na₂S₃, prepared by dissolving 256 g. S and 960 g. Na₂S.9II₂O in 1300 cc. H₂O, 644 g. HOCH₂CH₂Cl (XXIX) is added over a period of 0.5 hr. with cooling with ice-H₂O, the mixture stirred an addnl. 4 hrs., the oily layer separated, and the H₂O and excess XXIX are distilled off in vacuo, 80% (HOCH₂CH₂)₂S₃ is obtained and is converted with SOCl₂ into crude IV which is purified by distillation at 0.01 mm. The fractions with n_D 1.59-1.62 are crystallized from absolute EtOH, giving pure IV, m. 30.5-1.5°, n_D²⁰ 1.6110. When 120 g. II from the Levinstein process is stirred with H₂O for 11 days and the H₂O frequently changed until the H ion concentration becomes negligible, 29.1% unhydrolyzed XXVII is obtained and dissolved in Cellosolve (XXX). S (77.5 g.) and a small amount of viscous oil are filtered off and the XXX is washed out with H₂O, leaving crude (ClCH₂CH₂)₂S₅ (XXXI), n_D²⁰ 1.6763. Calculated on the S recovered, the original XXVII has the composition (ClCH₂ CH₂)₂S_7.5. XXXI is further purified by steam distillation to remove any III and IV. The residual XXXI is treated again with XXX, washed with H₂O, taken up in ether, and the ether solution dried and evaporated, giving 70% pure XXXI, n_D²⁰ 1.6853, d_D²⁰ 1.5013. When IV is treated 6-36 hrs. at temps, ranging from 115-40° with various mol. amounts of S, homogeneous products are obtained. These compounds, when kept in the refrigerator for several days, deposit S in amounts equal to the amount used in excess of that required to form XXXI. Treatment of the products with XXX gives XXXI. III and S at 145-50° for 20-30 hrs. also give XXXI. On treatment of the hydrolysis products of II with XXX, a small amount of alc.-insoluble oil (the analysis of which agrees with C₄H₈Cl₂S₁₁), which slowly deposits S on standing, is obtained. Me₂S₄, b_1.5 68-70°, n_D²⁰ 1.6621, d₄²⁰ 1.3008, is prepared according to the method of Levi and Baroni (C.A. 23, 4927) in 25% yield. An attempt to sulfurize III with Me₂S₄ failed. When 0.14 mol. Me₂S₄ and 0.06 mol. IV are heated at 35-40° and 3-4 mm., Me₂S₃, n_D²⁰ 1.5999, slowly distills, and, on raising the temperature to 120° for 2 hrs., 50% XXXI, n_D²⁰ 1.6850, is obtained. Sulfurization of XXXI with Me₂S₄ 4 hrs. at 75° in a N atm. and finally at 130° several hrs., gives 97% (ClCH₂CH₂)₂S₇ (XXXII), n_D²⁰ > 1.74, which deposits S upon standing. When treated with NH₃, XXXII is reconverted into XXXI. When the sulfurization is carried out by using a large amount of Me₂S₄, higher polysulfides are formed which lose S rapidly upon standing. When XXXI is subjected to a steam distillation and the residue is allowed to stand for 1 week, no S is deposited. The residue, n_D²⁰ 1.702, has the composition (ClCH₂CH₂)₂S_5.5. When 10 g. XXXI is heated with 9 g. S at 110° for 3 days, (ClCH₂CH₂)₂S₁₂, red viscous oil, is obtained. IV, when shaken with finely divided S, dissolves 4.4% S, while XXXI dissolves 7.4%. In lieu of XXX, moist NH₃ can be used for the stripping of XXVII, resulting in the formation of XXXI. When the stripping is carried out with NH₃ in the presence of XXX or ether, IV is obtained. When XXXI is refluxed with Me₂CO for 2 days, a XXVII is obtained, corresponding approx. to a tetrasulfide, n_D²⁰ 1.6545. Steam distillation of XXXI gives an impure IV, m. 13°, n_D²⁰ 1.611. On heating of IV at 145-60° and 0.5 mm., III, n_D²⁰ 1.5690, distills, leaving a mixture of S and XXVII from which no IV can be isolated. III and IV are quite stable to hydrolysis with H₂O. By exhaustive hydrolysis of II from the L. process and stripping the residue with XXX, a mixture of III and XXXI, n_D²⁰ 1.6740, is obtained. From this n_D and on the basis of n_D²⁰ 1.6835 for XXXI and 1.5656 for III, a content of 1.8% III is calculated for the original II. When 3.1 g. III is slowly added to 5.5 g. com. 90% thiosalicylic acid and 2.6 g. NaOH in 150 cc. 95% EtOH, the mixture refluxed h 1 hr., and poured into 400 cc. H₂O, acidification of the solution with dilute HCl precipitates 5.1 g. of a compound, C₁₈H₁₈O₄S₄, crystals from EtOH, m. 185-6°. Heating 7 g. III in 50 cc. MeOH with 165 g. XXII in 125 cc. MeOH and 15 cc. H₂O 2 hrs. on a steam bath gives 92% of a compound, C₁₄H₂₄N₂O₂S₆, fine needles from 95% EtOH, m. 109-10°. III and piperidine give 53% bis[2-(1-piperidyl)ethyl] disulfide, oil, n_D²⁰ 1.5478 (di-HCl salt, crystals, m. 236°). The structure of XXVII is discussed and it is concluded that III and IV possess a linear structure rather than an angular one. Structure XXXIa is proposed for XXXI.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, Recommanded Product: 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ramacharyulu, P. V. R. K. published the artcilePhotocatalytic decontamination of sulfur mustard using titania nanomaterials, Application of 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, the publication is Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical (2012), 132-137, database is CAplus.

Photocatalytic decontamination of sulfur mustard (HD) was studied on titania nanomaterials, and data obtained with irradiation of sunlight and UV-A light were compared with that obtained without irradiation Role of particle size on photocatalytic decontamination of HD was also studied. Decontamination efficiency decreased when particle size was increased from 11 to 1000 nm. TiO₂ nanoparticles of ∼11 nm size of anatase phase exhibited superior decontamination properties relative to larger ones. 100% of HD was decontaminated on their surface within 6 h with irradiation of light. Without irradiation, only 24.7% of HD was removed. GC-MS data indicated decontamination of HD to acetaldehyde, CO₂, sulfur mustard sulfoxide, thiodiglycol, acetic acid, etc. due to photocatalysis. Without irradiation only hydrolysis products of HD like thiodiglycol were observed to be formed.

Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, Application of 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nevalainen, Vesa published the artcileStudies on the formation of dihydro-1,4-oxathiines by halogenation of 1,3-oxathiolanes, Computed Properties of 1002-41-1, the publication is Journal of Chemical Research, Synopses (1988), 182-3, database is CAplus.

Dihydro-1,4-oxathiins I (R, R¹ = Me, H; Et, H; Ph, H; Me, Ph; CO₂Me, H; Me, CO₂Me; Me, CONHPh) were prepared in 6-45% yields by the halogenation of the resp. 1,3-oxathiolanes II (R, R¹ = Me, H; Me, Me; Ph, H; Me, Ph; CO₂Me, H; Me, CO₂Me; Me, CONHPh) with SOCl₂. Several byproducts were formed.

Journal of Chemical Research, Synopses published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, Computed Properties of 1002-41-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nevalainen, Vesa published the artcileStudies on the preparation of dihydro-1,4-oxathiines. Computer-assisted evaluation of the results of retrosynthetic analysis verified by synthetic experiments and by-product analyses. Synthetic pathways involving α-sulfenylated ketones and 1,3-oxathiolanes of α-halo and α-hydroxy ketones, COA of Formula: C4H8Cl2S2, the publication is Acta Chemica Scandinavica (1990), 44(6), 591-602, database is CAplus.

The preparation of 2- and 2,3-substituted 5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines (I, R = Me or Ph, R¹ = H, Me, CO₂H, CO₂Me, CO₂Et, or CONHPh) was studied by computer simulation and by experiment Three major synthetic pathways, involving 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)-1,3-oxathiolanes, 2-(1-haloalkyl)-1,3-oxathiolanes, 2-hydroxyethylthiomethyl ketones, methanesulfonates of 2-hydroxyethylthiomethyl ketones and 2-chloroethylthiomethyl ketones as intermediates, were evaluated, by running the program CAMEO, and by experiment The results of the two approaches were compared and the major byproducts of the reactions were identified by GLC/MS.

Acta Chemica Scandinavica published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, COA of Formula: C4H8Cl2S2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hancock, James R. published the artcileRetention index monitoring of compounds of chemical defense interest using thermal desorption gas chromatography, Synthetic Route of 1002-41-1, the publication is Journal of Chromatography (1991), 538(2), 249-57, database is CAplus.

Retention index monitoring using thermal desorption gas chromatog. anal. was developed as method for the verification of compounds of chem. defense interest in environmental matrixes. Gas chromatog. retention indexes were determined by loading solid adsorbent packed sampling tubes initially with the target compounds and subsequently with a series of n-alkane probes. The resulting chromatog. performance and gas chromatog. retention indexes were independent of the tube loading method. A data base of gas chromatog. retention indexes for chem. warfare agents and simulants was compiled and, in conjunction with simultaneous flame ionization and flame photometric detection, applied to the identification of tri-Et phosphate, tri-Bu phosphate, and di-Et malonate in water and soil samples.

Journal of Chromatography published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, Synthetic Route of 1002-41-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Neatu, Stefan published the artcileM/TiO₂/SiO₂ (M = Fe, Mn, and V) catalysts in photodecomposition of sulfur mustard, Quality Control of 1002-41-1, the publication is Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental (2009), 91(1-2), 546-553, database is CAplus.

The photocatalytic decomposition of Sulfur mustard (bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide) has been examined on Fe-, Mn- and V-doped dispersed TiO₂-SiO₂ catalysts. The catalysts were prepared by successive incipient wetness impregnation. They have been characterized by means of vibrational (FTIR) and optical (UV-vis-NIR in the DRS mode) spectroscopy. Powder XRD, XPS, and BET were used to characterize the structural morphol. and texture. The reaction was carried out in two different types of reactors under both UV- and visible light irradiation The parent TiO₂-SiO₂ catalyst showed activity only under UV irradiation, while the doped ones were active in the decontamination of the persistent Sulfur mustard even under visible light irradiation

Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental published new progress about 1002-41-1. 1002-41-1 belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethyl)disulfane, and the molecular formula is C4H8Cl2S2, Quality Control of 1002-41-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics