Author: Jessica.F

Chemistry is the experimental and theoretical study of materials on their properties at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. 10147-36-1, Name is Propane-1-sulfonyl chloride, molecular formula is C3H7ClO2S. In an article, author is Kang, Xun,once mentioned of 10147-36-1, Recommanded Product: Propane-1-sulfonyl chloride.

Selective extraction of quinolizidine alkaloids from Sophora flavescens Aiton root using tailor-made deep eutectic solvents and magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers

In this study, an eco-friendly extraction method that used tailor-made deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for the extraction of oxymatrine and matrine from Sophora flavescens Aiton root was implemented for the first time. The extraction parameters, including the DES type, DES water content, solid-to-liquid ratio, extraction time, and extraction temperature, which affected the extraction efficiencies of oxymatrine and matrine were optimised. High-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector and quantitative analysis of the DES components was conducted. The highest oxymatrine and matrine extraction yields (21.04 and 1.53 mg.g(-1), respectively) were obtained using DES-2 (comprising choline chloride and malonic acid; molar ratio of 1:2) with 50% water and DES-8 (comprising choline chloride and ethylene glycol; molar ratio of 1:2) with 30% water as the extraction solvents, respectively. Furthermore, magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) were successfully synthesised using oxymatrine, acrylic acid, ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate, azobisisobutyronitrile, and acetonitrile-methylbenzene (3:1, v/v) as the template, functional monomer, cross-linker, initiator, and porogen, respectively. The MMIPs were characterised using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses, and the results demonstrated the successful preparation of MMIPs. The adsorption properties of MMIPs were further analysed using static and dynamic adsorption experiments, and the results indicated that MMIPs presented good adsorption capacities for oxymatrine and matrine (110.8 and 63.4 mg.g(-1), respectively). Lastly, MMIPs were used as sorbents for the extraction and enrichment of oxymatrine and matrine from DES extracts of S. flavescens roots. The extraction efficiencies of oxymatrine and matrine (80.21-89.15% and 85.33-95.28%, respectively) were satisfactory. The proposed DES-based extraction followed by MMIPs secondary enrichment appeared to be an effective method for the selective extraction of specific components from complex samples.

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Related Products of 593-71-5, As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 593-71-5, Name is Chloroiodomethane, SMILES is ICCl, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Peters, M. C. C., introduce new discover of the category.

The glucocorticoid derivative with the phthalimide group cationic nanocrystal for ophthalmic application: a design space development approach

The glucocorticoid derivative of budesonide with a phthalimide group is a drug candidate to treat inflammatory eye diseases; nevertheless, it presents low water solubility. Drug nanocrystals have been proposed to overcome this hurdle. The development of an innovative ophthalmic anti-inflammatory nanosuspension was performed using a design space approach. We obtained the particle size reduction of this glucocorticoid derivative on a nanometer scale (approximately 165.0 nm), applying wet bead milling on a super reduced scale. The design of experiment supported the optimization of the formula evaluating the parameters that influence reducing the particle size and also allowed determining the design space. Considering the two statistical models developed and the size range obtained, we proposed that the optimized formulation for the glucocorticoid derivative nanosuspension may be 1.0 wt% glucocorticoid derivative and 0.092 wt% cetylpyridinium chloride. This formulation was characterized by the morphological, physical-chemical, and mucoadhesive in vitro test and showed potential for ophthalmic use with reduced frequency of product application, improved efficiency, and safety, which may promote better patient compliance. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Related Products of 593-71-5, Each elementary reaction can be described in terms of its molecularity, the number of molecules that collide in that step. The slowest step in a reaction mechanism is the rate-determining step.you can also check out more blogs about 593-71-5.

Chemistry is an experimental science, Recommanded Product: 3-Chloropropan-1-amine hydrochloride, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 6276-54-6, Name is 3-Chloropropan-1-amine hydrochloride, molecular formula is C3H9Cl2N, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Adin, Darcy.

Correction of serum chloride concentration in dogs with congestive heart failure

Background Hypochloremia associated with congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs is likely multifactorial. Loop diuretics cause 1:2 sodium [Na+]:chloride [Cl-] loss, whereas water retention causes a 1:1 [Na+]:[Cl-] dilution. Mathematical [Cl-] correction separates these effects on [Cl-]. Hypothesis We hypothesized that corrected [Cl-] (c[Cl-]) would not differ from measured [Cl-] (m[Cl-]) in dogs with controlled CHF because of loop diuretics, and dogs with refractory CHF would have higher c[Cl-] than m[Cl-], indicating relative water excess. Animals Seventy-one client-owned dogs with acquired heart disease, without CHF (NO-CHF), 76 with Stage C CHF and 24 with Stage D CHF. Methods Clinicopathological data from a previous study were retrospectively analyzed. Corrected [Cl-], m[Cl-], and differences were compared among NO-CHF, Stage C CHF, and Stage D CHF, using the formula: c[Cl-] = (mid-reference range [Na+]/measured [Na+]) x m[Cl-]. Results Corrected [Cl-] and m[Cl-] were lower in Stage D vs Stage C and NO-CHF (all P < .0001). The c[Cl-] was higher than m[Cl-] in Stage D (P < .0001) but not Stage C or NO-CHF. Median difference between c[Cl-] and m[Cl-] was higher for Stage D vs Stage C (P = .0003). No hypochloremic Stage D dogs had normal c[Cl-], but 11/24 had [Cl-] that was increased by >2 mmol/L. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Serum [Cl-] increased after mathematical correction in Stage D CHF dogs but not in Stage C and NO-CHF dogs. Although c[Cl-] was higher than m[Cl-] in Stage D dogs supportive of relative water excess, hypochloremia persisted, consistent with concurrent loop diuretic effects on electrolytes. Future study correlating c[Cl-] to antidiuretic hormone concentrations is warranted.

Sometimes chemists are able to propose two or more mechanisms that are consistent with the available data. If a proposed mechanism predicts the wrong experimental rate law, however, the mechanism must be incorrect.Welcome to check out more blogs about 6276-54-6, in my other articles. Recommanded Product: 3-Chloropropan-1-amine hydrochloride.

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, Application In Synthesis of 4-Chloro-2-methylaniline, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 95-69-2, Name is 4-Chloro-2-methylaniline, molecular formula is C7H8ClN. In an article, author is Meng, D. -Y.,once mentioned of 95-69-2.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase confers transgenic tobacco with elevated tolerance to salt stress

Polyamines play an important role in stress response. In the pathway of polyamines synthesis, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) is one of the key enzymes. In this study, a full length cDNA of SAMDC (AhSAMDC) was isolated from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Phylogenetic analysis revealed high sequence similarity between AhSAMDC and SAMDC from other plants. In peanut seedlings exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl), the transcript level of AhSAMDC in roots was the highest at 24 h that decreased sharply at 72 and 96 h after 150 mM NaCl treatment. However, the expression of AhSAMDC in peanut leaves was significantly inhibited, and the transcript levels in leaves were not different compared with control These results implied the tissue-specific and time-specific expression of AhSAMDC. The physiological effects and functional mechanism of AhSAMDC were further evaluated by overexpressing AhSAMDC in tobaccos. The transgenic tobacco lines exhibited higher germination rate and longer root length under salt stress. Reduced membrane damage, higher antioxidant enzyme activity, and higher proline content were also observed in the transgenic tobacco seedlings. What’s more, AhSAMDC also led to higher contents of spermidine and spermine, which can help to scavenge reactive oxygen species. Together, this study suggests that AhSAMDC enhances plant resistance to salt stress by improving polyamine content and alleviating membrane damage

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One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time. 586-75-4, Name is 4-Bromobenzoyl chloride, formurla is C7H4BrClO. In a document, author is Zeng, Chaoqun, introducing its new discovery. HPLC of Formula: C7H4BrClO.

Enhancement of the corrosion inhibition of carbon fibre via the effect of the chloride ions on its anodic corrosion

The results of this study showed the beneficial effect of chloride ion to enhance the corrosion inhibition and prevent direct oxidation of carbon fibres under anodic polarization. The corrosion rate of carbon fibre sharply decreased after introducing chloride ions. Uniaxial tensile test performed after the simulated ICCP tests showed that the tensile strength of the carbon fibre bundles was higher when the electrolyte contained chloride ions. The application of carbon fibre as the anode material is found to be particularly well suited for coastal reinforced concrete structures. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

I hope this article can help some friends in scientific research. I am very proud of our efforts over the past few months and hope to 586-75-4 help many people in the next few years. HPLC of Formula: C7H4BrClO.

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 81927-55-1, Name is Benzyl 2,2,2-trichloroacetimidate, molecular formula is C9H8Cl3NO. In an article, author is Yang, Lei,once mentioned of 81927-55-1, Computed Properties of C9H8Cl3NO.

Using layered double hydroxides and anion exchange resin to improve the mechanical properties and chloride binding capacity of cement mortars

Chloride-induced corrosion results in the deterioration of concrete structures. To resolve this issue, two types of synthetic layered double hydroxides (LDHs) 2D nanoflakes based on CaFe-NO3 and CaFeAl-NO3 and a strongly basic anion exchange resin (SBAER) were developed for removing chloride ions from simulated sea sand (SSS) mortars. We investigated the combined effect of SSS mortars blended with chloride adsorbents using the response surface methodology (RSM). A Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to discuss the independent variables (CaFe-NO3 LDHs, CaFeAl-NO3 LDHs, and SBAER) and evaluate the response of compressive strength and free chloride content concerning admixture content. Experimental results showed that the free chloride content of the samples decreased upon the addition of LDHs and SBAER due to a synergistic effect, which resulted in the formation of LDHs-Cl, [N+(CH3)(3)Cl], Friedel’s salt (FS), and Kuzel’s salt (KS). The optimal range of the admixture content was determined to be 0.3-0.6 wt% CaFe-NO3 LDHs, 0.2-0.5 wt% CaFeAl-NO3 LDHs, and 0.2-0.5 wt% SBAER. In conclusion, LDHs and SBAER exhibited excellent chloride binding capacity, which makes them promising candidates for use as high-efficiency and stable chloride composite adsorbents in marine concrete. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Chemistry, like all the natural sciences, Computed Properties of C7H5ClOS, begins with the direct observation of nature¡ª in this case, of matter.1005-56-7, Name is O-Phenyl carbonochloridothioate, SMILES is S=C(Cl)OC1=CC=CC=C1, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Surmelioglu, Nursel, introduce the new discover.

Evaluation of regular insulin adsorption to polypropylene bag and polyvinyl chloride infusion set

Aim Clinical application of insulin infusion therapy is usually accomplished with regular human insulin. It is known that the regular insulin adsorbed to the hydrophobic surfaces and different approaches were implemented into the clinical practices. It was aimed to evaluate the rate of adsorption of insulin to polypropylene (PP) bags and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) infusion sets and stability of insulin during the infusion. Methods A 100 IU insulin was added to PP bags containing 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution (n = 6). The infusion was started at a rate of 2 mL/h using infusion sets in the PVC structure. Insulin quantification was performed in the samples taken both from the bag and from the end tip of the infusion set during infusion. The stability of insulin solutions stored at room (+25 degrees C) and refrigerator (+4 degrees C) temperatures were compared. Samples were analysed using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Results No statistically significant difference was found between the concentrations of the samples taken from the bags stored at room and refrigerator temperatures at the 4th, 12th, and 24th hours (P > .05). It was seen that the adsorption rate of insulin to PVC set was 57% and PP bags is at most 5% at the 24th hour. Conclusion When PP bags are used for insulin infusion, it is predicted that 24-hour change can be made instead of frequent change. In addition, losses caused by the high rate of insulin adsorption to PVC infusion sets should be considered and PP infusion sets would be the better option to use if available.

Note that a catalyst decreases the activation energy for both the forward and the reverse reactions and hence accelerates both the forward and the reverse reactions. you can also check out more blogs about 1005-56-7. Computed Properties of C7H5ClOS.

In an article, author is Schmidt, Alexander F., once mentioned the application of 625-35-4, Application In Synthesis of (E)-2-Butenoyl chloride, Name is (E)-2-Butenoyl chloride, molecular formula is C4H5ClO, molecular weight is 104.5349, MDL number is MFCD00000734, category is chlorides-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category.

Is oxidative addition indeed the rate-determining step of the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction with less-reactive aryl chlorides under ligand-free conditions?

The retarded oxidative addition of aryl chloride to Pd(0) is believed, by most scientists, to be the main hindrance in achieving effective conversion in the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction and other cross-coupling reac-tions of aryl chlorides. Herein, we have demonstrated by competing experiments, using two aryl chlorides under ligand-free catalytic conditions (absence of strong ligands; high ratio of substrate to catalyst), that the elementary step of oxidative addition is substantially reversible. This implies that the hypothesis on the rate-determining character of the oxidative addition step is incorrect, and the existing problems with aryl chloride conversion in the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction are caused by some other reasons that need to be investigated. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Related Products of 139631-62-2, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C¨CH bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 139631-62-2, Name is Cyclopropanesulfonylchloride, SMILES is O=S(C1CC1)(Cl)=O, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Khan, Md Nabi Newaz, introduce new discover of the category.

Effect of waste glass fine aggregate on the strength, durability and high temperature resistance of alkali-activated fly ash and GGBFS blended mortar

Properties of alkali-activated fly ash and GGBFS blended mortar using waste glass cullet were investigated. Workability of mortar was found to increase by glass aggregate due to its lower absorption than sand. Compressive strength decreased from 77 MPa to 73 MPa at 90 days of age for replacing 100% sand by glass aggregate. Though porosity increased by 1.5% to 13% for using 25% to 100% glass aggregate, reductions were observed in drying shrinkage, sorptivity and chloride permeability. The minor variations in mortar properties are attributed to the lower permeability and irregular shape of glass aggregate. Mortars using glass aggregate showed similar trend of residual strength as compared to that using natural sand after 200 degrees C-800 degrees C temperature exposures. Microstructural studies revealed that mortars using glass aggregate had less microcracks and enhanced bond at the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) after elevated temperature exposures. Moreover, the findings of this study suggests that the replacement of natural sand by using various percentages of waste glass cullet in alkali-activated mortar offers comparable properties to those using natural sand. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature. 112-26-5, Name is 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethoxy)ethane, SMILES is ClCCOCCOCCCl, in an article , author is Mohammed Saleem, R., once mentioned of 112-26-5, Formula: C6H12Cl2O2.

Dispersion and vulcanization characteristics of nitrile rubber reinforced with N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride treated silica

N,N-Dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl) treated silica is used as a reinforcing filler in nitrile rubber (NBR). Effect of the treatment on aggregate morphology and dispersion of silica in the matrix is investigated using XPS, SEM, and AFM. Binding energy levels of O1s and Si2p electrons in DMAc/LiCl treated silica have shifted significantly from 532.49 to 530.98 eV and 103.19 to 101.33 eV respectively. SEM observations have revealed a reduction in the agglomerate size of silica-a desirable feature for realizing better processing properties of silica filled rubber compounds. Data from AFM observations have also shown better dispersion of DMAc/LiCl treated silica. Mooney viscosity of masterbatches, measured at 100 degrees C over a period of 7 days, has not exhibited any storage hardening which is an indication of easier processability. At 125 degrees C, Mooney data exhibited a reduction in scorch time as a function of DMAc/LiCl concentration. However, MDR data at 160 degrees C have not shown much changes in the scorch time while NBR with high nitrile content exhibited longer cure times. Higher crosslink density of vulcanizates indicate that DMAc/LiCl treatment of silica could effectively reduce filler-filler interactions and networking in silica filled rubber compounds thereby enabling mixing and processing operations energy efficient.

Interested yet? Read on for other articles about 112-26-5, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Formula: C6H12Cl2O2.