Author: Jessica.F

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature. 85-54-1, Name is 2-(4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzoyl)benzoic acid, SMILES is O=C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C2=CC=C(Cl)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C2)=O, in an article , author is Tsamo, Armelle Tontsa, once mentioned of 85-54-1, Name: 2-(4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzoyl)benzoic acid.

Metabolite Fingerprinting of Kersting’s Groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Marechal & Baudet] Seeds Using UPLC-qTOF-MS Reveals the Nutraceutical and Antioxidant Potentials of the Orphan Legume

The identification and subsequent quantification of phenolic compounds in plants is the first step toward harnessing their associated nutritional and health benefits. Due to their diverse phenolic compound compositions, grain legumes are known for their high nutritional and health values. The aim of this study was to assess the inter-variations in chemical composition, phytochemical content, and antioxidant capacity of seed extracts from eight Kersting’s groundnut [Macrotyloma geocarpum (Harms) Marechal & Baudet] landraces. The chemical profiles were evaluated using UPLC-qTOF-MS. Total phenolics and flavonoids content were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. The antioxidant capacities in the forms of DPPH and ABTS were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. Principal component analysis was used to define similarities/differences between the landraces. Based on untargeted metabolomics analysis, 57 metabolites were identified, with phenolics, triterpenes, fatty acids, and sphingolipids being the most predominant. The results showed that the black seeded KG1 (Puffeun) had the highest total phenolic (9.44 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (3.01 mg QE/g) contents, as well as antioxidant capacity (9.17 mu g/mL and 18.44 mu g/mL based on DDPH and ABTS assays, respectively). The concentrations of ferulic acid hexoside, procyanidin B2, eryodictyiol-7-rutinoside and quercetin pentoside ranged from 51.78-441.31, 1.86-18.25, 3.26-13.95 to 5.44-63.85 mu g/mg, respectively. This study presents a useful report on the phytochemical characterization of Kersting’s groundnuts and shows that the grains can be used as a source of nutraceuticals for human consumption.

Interested yet? Read on for other articles about 85-54-1, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Name: 2-(4-Chloro-3-nitrobenzoyl)benzoic acid.

Reference of 2156-56-1, Redox catalysis has been broadly utilized in electrochemical synthesis due to its kinetic advantages over direct electrolysis. The appropriate choice of redox mediator can avoid electrode passivation and overpotential. 2156-56-1, Name is Sodium 2,2-dichloroacetate, SMILES is O=C([O-])C(Cl)Cl.[Na+], belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Guo, Xing, introduce new discover of the category.

Enhanced efficiency and stability of planar perovskite solar cells using SnO2:InCl3 electron transport layer through synergetic doping and passivation approaches

There are many defect states at the interface between SnO2 and perovskite due to the preparation process and the lattice mismatch. These defects will trap photo-generated carriers, resulting in low carrier extraction efficiency and loss of device stability. Many researches are underway to further improve the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL), including doping of ETL and effective passivation of interface defects. Here, the SnO2:InCl3 ETL is used in planar perovskite solar cells to simultaneously dope ETL and passivate the defects at the ETL/perovskite interface. First, Cl ions can passivate the defects on the SnO2 surface, and part of the chloride ions can also diffuse into the perovskite to passivate the grain boundaries. Additionally, In ions themselves are suitable dopants and can provide better doping performance for SnO2. The result shows that the simultaneous ETL doping and interface passivation result in a significant increase of PCE from 19.1% to 20.8% due to the enhancement of short-circuit current density. This method expands the ETL/perovskite interface optimization work by using anions and cations for passivation and doping, respectively, and has some inspiration for the delivery of high efficiency and stable planar structure PSCs based on SnO2 ETL.

Reference of 2156-56-1, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. I hope my blog about 2156-56-1 is helpful to your research.

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 694-80-4, Name is 1-Bromo-2-chlorobenzene, molecular formula is C6H4BrCl. In an article, author is Li, Yan-Yang,once mentioned of 694-80-4, Safety of 1-Bromo-2-chlorobenzene.

Selective Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CH4 Modulated by Chloride Modification on Bi2WO6 Nanosheets

Solar-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction into CH4 with H2O is considered to be a promising way to alleviate the energy crisis and greenhouse effect. However, current CO2 photoreduction technologies tend to overlook the role of photooxidation half reaction as well as the effect of the protons produced by water oxidation on CH4 generation, resulting in low CO2 conversion efficiency and poor CH4 selectivity. In the present study, a series of chloride-modified Bi2WO6 nanosheets were constructed in view of chloride-assisted photocatalytic water oxidation. The results show that the CH4 yield of the synthesized sample can be enhanced up to about 10 times compared to that with no Cl- modification. Besides, the selectivity of CH4 can be regulated by the loading amount of chloride, varying from 51.29% for Bi2WO6 to 94.98% for the maximum. The increase of product yield is attributed to chloride modification, which not only changed the morphology of the catalyst, but also modified the pathway of water oxidation. Further studies on intermediate products and the density functional theory calculation confirm that the Cl- ions on Bi2WO6 nanosheets not only promote H2O oxidation, but also lower the energy barrier for intermediate *CHO generation, thus facilitating CH4 production. The results gained herein may provide some illuminating insights into the design of a highly selective photocatalyst for efficient CO2 reduction.

Interested yet? Keep reading other articles of 694-80-4, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Safety of 1-Bromo-2-chlorobenzene.

Reference of 6276-54-6, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C¨CH bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 6276-54-6, Name is 3-Chloropropan-1-amine hydrochloride, SMILES is NCCCCl.[H]Cl, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Antunes-Rohling, A., introduce new discover of the category.

Eco-innovative possibilities for improving the quality of thawed cod fillets using high-power ultrasound

In order to improve the quality of thawed cod fillets and minimize the impact of processing, an extended hydration phase is applied in the fishery product industry in order to recover the water lost during freezing and thawing. Such long phases not only compromise productivity, but increase the chances of microbial growth in fish. Ultrasound (US) is a technology that could reduce these long hydration times, thanks to its capacity to improve mass-transfer processes, thereby limiting the development of fish microbiota. This investigation studies the effect of different US intensities (25 kHz, 29.4 W/kg to 2.9 W/kg, 113.7 to 15.3 W) on weight gain (WG) in the hydration process of cod fillets. The influence of the hydration medium’s pH (from pH 8.5 to 10.5) in combination with US was likewise evaluated. Microbiological and sensory analyses were carried out at the end of the hydration process in order to evaluate its impact. The higher the applied US power, the lower was the WG. US intensities of 2.9 W/kg produced the highest increments in WG (18.6%), reducing hydration time by 33% and thereby achieving the same hydration values as in control samples. The combination of US with a controlled pH of 8.5 permitted to shorten hydration time by an additional day, and also led to improved microbial quality in comparison with control samples. Sensorial analyses indicated that after 5 d of hydration, Quality Index Method (QIM) values were better than those obtained for control samples after 5 and 7 d. Specifically, color and gaping were the sensorial attributes of cod fillets better protected with the application of US.

Reference of 6276-54-6, Consequently, the presence of a catalyst will permit a system to reach equilibrium more quickly, but it has no effect on the position of the equilibrium as reflected in the value of its equilibrium constant.I hope my blog about 6276-54-6 is helpful to your research.

Chemistry is the experimental and theoretical study of materials on their properties at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. 5407-04-5, Name is 3-Chloro-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine hydrochloride, molecular formula is C5H13Cl2N. In an article, author is Ma, Guowei,once mentioned of 5407-04-5, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Electromagnetic wave absorption performance of magnesium phosphate cement functionalized by nano-Fe3O4 magnetic fluid and hollow glass microspheres

In light of high bonding and early strengths, magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) functionalized with nano-Fe3O4 magnetic fluid and hollow glass microspheres (HGM) that exhibited excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance (EWAP) was fabricated in this study. Coating a construction surface with multifunctional MPC could effectively withstand electromagnetic radiation hazards. Effects of the Fe3O4-like ferrite content and type (i.e., nano-Fe3O4 magnetic fluid, nano-Fe3O4 particles and magnetite), and the surface roughness of specimens on the EWAP of the MPC were investigated by lab tests. Test results showed that the Fe3O4-like ferrite greatly improved the EWAP of the MPC and the enhancement effectiveness was in descending order of nano-Fe3O4 magnetic fluid > nano-Fe3O4 particles > magnetite. Among the samples tested in this study, MPC blended with 5 wt% nano-Fe3O4 magnetic fluid showed an optimal EWAP as indicated by a peak reflection loss of -11.2 dB and bandwidth of 9.67 GHz below -10 dB. Additionally, the reflection loss of the MPC in the high frequency range could be further improved by carving notches on the surface to increase the number of microwave reflections. The electromagnetic energy absorbing mechanism and the hydration progress of the MPC were further analyzed with SEM/EDS and XRD results. The hydration degree of the MPC got improved due to the lubricating effect of HGM and filling effect of nano-Fe3O4 magnetic fluid, which also optimized its micro structure and compressive and flexural strengths. From this study, the nano-Fe3O4 magnetic fluid and HGM modified MPC had potential application in the construction of buildings for enhanced resistance to electromagnetic radiation. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Interested yet? Keep reading other articles of 5407-04-5, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Related Products of 10147-36-1, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C¨CH bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 10147-36-1, Name is Propane-1-sulfonyl chloride, SMILES is CCCS(=O)(Cl)=O, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Leng, Yu, introduce new discover of the category.

Time-variant probabilistic assessment of corrosion initiation of marine concrete structures considering maximum phenomenon

This study presents a new dual time-variant chloride diffusion model considering maximum phenomenon for concrete structures exposed to marine environment. The model is developed from the assumption that the concentration gradient is the sole or dominant driving force for chloride ingress in concrete, and both the chloride diffusion coefficient and peak chloride content are considered as time-variant. The applicability and accuracy of the developed model are verified by comparing the fitted and predicted chloride profiles with field data. Based on the developed model, time-variant probabilistic evaluation of corrosion initiation in a typical prestressed box girder located near coast is carried out. Results reveal that the maximum phenomenon has a significant effect on the prediction of the time to corrosion initiation. The results of sensitivity analysis indicate that the critical chloride content is the decisive parameter in the prediction of the corrosion initiation time, followed by the relative humidity, water-to-binder ratio, temperature, thickness of concrete cover, etc. Besides, the effects of the correlation between random variables and the distance from the coast on the time-variant probability of corrosion initiation are investigated. It is found that the correlation among random variables should be considered, and the effect of distance from the coast on the time-variant probability of corrosion initiation is sharply decreasing at a very short distance from the coast. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Related Products of 10147-36-1, Because enzymes can increase reaction rates by enormous factors and tend to be very specific, typically producing only a single product in quantitative yield, they are the focus of active research.you can also check out more blogs about 10147-36-1.

Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics, 461432-23-5, Name is 4-Bromo-1-chloro-2-(4-ethoxybenzyl)benzene, SMILES is CCOC1=CC=C(CC2=C(Cl)C=CC(Br)=C2)C=C1, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Sysel, Annette M., introduce the new discover, Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Antimicrobial properties of diethylamine NONOate, a nitric oxide donor, against Escherichia coli: a pilot study

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, highlights the increasing need for new and effective antiviral and antimicrobial agents. The FDA has recently banned several active ingredients used in hand sanitizers, including triclosan and benzethonium chloride. Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the innate immune response and is a major component of macrophage-mediated attack on foreign viruses and bacteria. The specific aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial effects of 2-(N,N-diethylamino)-diazenolate-2-oxide (DEA-NONOate) against Escherichia coli (E. coli). A bacterial growth assay was compared to an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) activity assay at various time points to assess effects of DEA-NONOate on E. coli growth. A UV/Vis spectrophotometer was used to determine concentration of E. coli by measuring optical density (OD) at 630 nm. A luminescent assay was used to measure ATP activity correlating to viable cells. DEA-NONOate at a concentration of 65 mM was able to inhibit the growth of E. coli with the same efficacy as 1 mu g ml(-1) concentration of ciprofloxacin. Both the OD and ATP assays demonstrated a 99.9% reduction in E. coli. Both a 1 mu g ml(-1) concentration of ciprofloxacin and a 65 mM concentration of DEA-NONOate achieved 99.9% inhibition of E. coli, verified using both optical density measurement of bacterial cultures in 96 well plates and a luminescent ATP activity assay. The bactericidal effects of DEA-NONOate against E. coli is proof-of-concept to pursue evaluation of nitric oxide-based formulations as antimicrobial and antiviral agents as hand sanitizers.

The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 461432-23-5 is helpful to your research. Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks.

Synthetic Route of 5407-04-5, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 5407-04-5, Name is 3-Chloro-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine hydrochloride, SMILES is CN(C)CCCCl.[H]Cl, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Luo, Mian, introduce new discover of the category.

Self-healing of early-age cracks in cement mortars with artificial functional aggregates

Cracking seriously affects the functionality and durability of the concrete structure. Therefore, the development of robust self-healing concrete is important to extend the service life of the structure. In this study, artificial functional aggregates with fly ash, silica fume, metakaolin, limestone powder and sodium carbonate powder were designed and prepared by the powder granulation technology to promote the self-healing efficiency of concrete. Mortar specimens with artificial functional aggregates which partially replaced the sand were prepared to verify the feasibility of the approach. Crack self-healing efficiency was evaluated by visual observation and the water ingress test. In addition, healing products formed in the crack were analyzed with XRD, TG and SEM, respectively. Experimental results indicated that the artificial functional aggregates were well combined with the mortar matrix and could be intersected by cracking. The addition of artificial functional aggregates improved the self-healing capacity of mortar specimens. Mortar specimens with artificial functional aggregates exhibited higher closure ratio of surface crack and better regain of water tightness compared with the control specimens. The maximum crack width that can be healed was about 0.47 mm in the mortar specimen with artificial functional aggregates. Microstructure investigation showed that the major healing products in the crack mouth were calcite precipitations which firstly deposited on both walls of the crack and then gradually overlapped together to become denser and denser with the extension of healing time. More calcium carbonate precipitations were observed in internal crack of mortars with artificial functional aggregates compared to the control mortar due to the effective supply of carbonate ions from the artificial functional aggregates. Typical hydration product C-S-H gel was also detected by SEM observation in the internal crack wall. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Synthetic Route of 5407-04-5, The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. Enzyme inhibitors cause a decrease in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.I hope my blog about 5407-04-5 is helpful to your research.

Reactions catalyzed within inorganic and organic materials and at electrochemical interfaces commonly occur at high coverage and in condensed media, causing turnover rates to depend strongly on interfacial structure and composition, 98946-18-0, Name is tert-Butyl trichloroacetimidate, SMILES is CC(OC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)=N)(C)C, in an article , author is Zarezin, Danil P., once mentioned of 98946-18-0, Computed Properties of C6H10Cl3NO.

Metal chlorides supported on silica as efficient catalysts for selective isomerization of endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene to exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene for JP-10 producing

A series of heterogeneous catalysts based on different metal chlorides (AlCl3, NbCl5, ZnCl2) immobilized on silica gel have been prepared. The catalytic activity of obtained catalysts for the isomerization of endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (endo-THDCPD) to its exo-isomer (exo-THDCPD, the main component of JP-10 fuel) has been investigated in detail. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were studied by SEM, low temperature nitrogen adsorption, NH3-TPD. Supported AlCl3 exhibited the excellent catalyst activity and a high selectivity without side-reactions such as skeletal rearrangement, alkylation, etc., whereas NbCl5 and ZnCl2 immobilized on SiO2 showed much less catalytic activity. It was found that addition of alkyl halides such as 1,2-dichloroethane reduced catalytic activity. Using the optimized catalyst system, the isomerization of endo-THDCPD to exo-THDCPD was performed under mild conditions (50 degrees C) at a fast rate, with more than 98% conversion and selectivity higher than 99%. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the endo-exo isomerization reaction were determined.

But sometimes, even after several years of basic chemistry education, it is not easy to form a clear picture on how they govern reactivity! 98946-18-0, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Computed Properties of C6H10Cl3NO.

Chemistry, like all the natural sciences, Formula: C2H7Cl2N, begins with the direct observation of nature¡ª in this case, of matter.870-24-6, Name is 2-Chloroethanamine hydrochloride, SMILES is ClCCN.[H]Cl, belongs to chlorides-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Sparschu, Wendy, introduce the new discover.

Direct Synthesis of Methyl Chlorosilanes from Pd-Mg-SiO2 Substrates Using Mechanochemistry

The direct reaction of methyl chloride with magnesium and palladium infused silica substrates to synthesize methyl chlorosilanes is reported. First, high energy ball milling on solid Mg-SiO2 mixtures produces elemental silicon and MgO. When PdCl2 is infused into the mixture, after additional ball milling and high-temperature reduction under H-2, dipalladium silicide (Pd2Si) is produced. The silicon of the Pd2Si readily reacts with MeCl under Muller-Rochow reaction conditions, to produce methyl chlorosilanes at yield ratios analogous to those of the traditional process. The dominant product is Me2SiCl2 (selectivity > 30%), followed by MeSiCl3 and Me3SiCl, with minor amounts of the remaining chlorosilanes. Silicon conversion exceeds 20% for most of the substrates. The elemental palladium, which remains within the Pd-Mg-SiO2 contact mass is re-converted to Pd2Si at the next H-2/high-temperature treatment and reacts again with MeCl to repeat the methyl chlorosilane production. In principle, the resulting cycle of the mechanochemically induced formation of Pd2Si followed by the reaction with MeCl can be repeated until the starting SiO2 converts completely to methyl chlorosilanes.

Note that a catalyst decreases the activation energy for both the forward and the reverse reactions and hence accelerates both the forward and the reverse reactions. you can also check out more blogs about 870-24-6. Formula: C2H7Cl2N.