2,3,9- and 2,3,11-Trisubstituted tetrahydroprotoberberines as D2 dopaminergic ligands was written by Parraga, Javier;Cabedo, Nuria;Andujar, Sebastian;Piqueras, Laura;Moreno, Laura;Galan, Abraham;Angelina, Emilio;Enriz, Ricardo D.;Ivorra, Maria Dolores;Sanz, Maria Jesus;Cortes, Diego. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2013.Safety of 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride This article mentions the following:
Dopamine-mediated neurotransmission plays an important role in relevant psychiatric and neurol. disorders. Nowadays, there is an enormous interest in the development of new dopamine receptors (DR) acting drugs as potential new targets for the treatment of schizophrenia or Parkinson’s disease. Previous studies have revealed that isoquinoline compounds such as tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) and tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPBs) can behave as selective D2 dopaminergic alkaloids since they share structural similarities with dopamine. In the present study we have synthesized eleven 2,3,9- and 2,3,11-trisubstituted THPB compounds (six of them are described for the first time) and evaluated their potential dopaminergic activity. Binding studies on rat striatal membranes were used to evaluate their affinity and selectivity towards D1 and D2 DR and establish the structure-activity relation (SAR) as dopaminergic agents. In general, all the tested THPBs with protected phenolic hydroxyls showed a lower affinity for D1 and D2 DR than their corresponding homologues with free hydroxyl groups. In previous studies in which dopaminergic affinity of 1-benzyl-THIQs (BTHIQs) was evaluated, the presence of a Cl into the A-ring resulted in increased affinity and selectivity towards D2 DR. This is in contrast with the current study since the existence of a chlorine atom into the A-ring of the THPBs caused increased affinity for D1 DR but dramatically reduced the selectivity for D2 DR. An OH group in position 9 of the THPB (9f) resulted in a higher affinity for DR than its homolog with an OH group in position 11 (9e) (250 fold for D2 DR). None of the compounds showed any cytotoxicity in freshly isolated human neutrophils. A mol. modeling study of three representative THPBs was carried out. The combination of MD simulations with DFT calculations provided a clear picture of the ligand binding interactions from a structural and energetic point of view. Therefore, compound I (2,3,9-trihydroxy-THPB) behave as D2 DR agonist since serine residues cluster are crucial for agonist binding and receptor activation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0Safety of 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride).
2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Safety of 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics