《Water Recovery Rate in Short-Circuited Closed-Cycle Operation of Flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI)》 was written by Ma, Junjun; Ma, Jinxing; Zhang, Changyong; Song, Jingke; Collins, Richard N.; Waite, T. David. Quality Control of Sodium chlorideThis research focused onwater desalting flow electrode capacitance deionization. The article conveys some information:
While flow-electrode CDI is a promising desalination technol. that has major advantages when the electrodes are operated in short-circuited closed-cycle (SCC) mode, little attention was paid to the H2O recovery rate which, in SCC mode, is determined by the need for partial replacement of the saline electrolyte of the flow electrodes. Results of this study show that an extremely high H2O recovery rate of ∼95% can be achieved when desalting a 1000 mg NaCl L-1 brackish influent to a potable level of 150 mg/L. The improved performance with regard to elec. cost is related, at least in part, to the alleviated concentration polarization at the membrane/electrolyte interface during electrosorption. In effect, the current efficiency decreases with an increase in H2O recovery rate. This finding is ascribed to inevitable co-ion leakage since the flow electrodes reject ions with the same charge. H2O transport across the ion exchange membranes also influences the H2O recovery rate. The effect of partial replacement of the saline electrolyte during continuous operation requires particular consideration because the associated dilution of the C content in the flow electrodes results in a decrease in process performance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Quality Control of Sodium chloride)
Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Quality Control of Sodium chloride
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics