Month: February 2023

Access to Oxetane-Containing psico-Nucleosides from 2-Methyleneoxetanes: A Role for Neighboring Group Participation? was written by Liang, Yanke;Hnatiuk, Nathan;Rowley, John M.;Whiting, Bryan T.;Coates, Geoffrey W.;Rablen, Paul R.;Morton, Martha;Howell, Amy R.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2011.Computed Properties of C8H7ClO2 This article mentions the following:

The first psico-oxetanocin analog of the powerful antiviral natural product, oxetanocin A, has been readily synthesized from cis-2-butene-1,4-diol. Key 2-methyleneoxetane precursors were derived from β-lactones prepared by the carbonylation of epoxides. F⁺-mediated nucleobase incorporation provided the corresponding nucleosides in good yield but with low diastereoselectivity. Surprisingly, attempted exploitation of anchimeric assistance to increase the selectivity was not fruitful. A range of 2-methyleneoxetane and related 2-methylenetetrahydrofuran substrates was prepared to explore the basis for this. With one exception, these substrates also showed little stereoselectivity in nucleobase incorporation. Computational studies were undertaken to examine if neighboring group participation involving fused [4.2.0] or [4.3.0] intermediates is favorable. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7Computed Properties of C8H7ClO2).

Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Computed Properties of C8H7ClO2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

U-87947E, a potent quinolone antibacterial agent incorporating a bicyclo[1.1.1]pent-1-yl (BCP) subunit was written by Barbachyn, Michael R.;Hutchinson, Douglas K.;Toops, Dana S.;Reid, Raymond J.;Zurenko, Gary E.;Yagi, Betty H.;Schaadt, Ronda D.;Allison, John W.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 1993.Application of 96568-04-6 This article mentions the following:

Incorporation of a bicyclo[1.1.1]pent-1-yl group at the N-1 position of quinolone antibacterial agents affords compounds with potent activity. One of these analogs, I.MeSO₃H (U-87947E), exhibits enhanced activity relative to that of ciprofloxacin against gram-pos. aerobic bacteria and anaerobic organisms. Time-kill kinetic studies reveal that U-87947E is exquisitely bactericidal against ciprofloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-(2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-oxopropionate (cas: 96568-04-6Application of 96568-04-6).

Ethyl 3-(2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)-3-oxopropionate (cas: 96568-04-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application of 96568-04-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cavitating substrates to boost water permeance of reverse osmosis membranes was written by Yang, Hao;Zhang, Zhe;Wang, Yong. And the article was included in Separation and Purification Technology in 2022.Name: Trimesoylchloride This article mentions the following:

Reverse osmosis membranes have been shown to achieve reliable freshwater supply by means of water desalination. Nevertheless, breaking the long-standing trade-off is a major challenge for realizing high-efficient desalination. Herein, we show that selective swelling of substrates made by a block copolymer, polysulfone-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PSF-b-PEG), is very promising in the fabrication of high-flux reverse osmosis membranes. Polyamide layers are first formed on relatively dense PSF-b-PEG substrates by interfacial polymerization Then, the substrates are cavitated into highly porous substrates by selective swelling, which follows the mechanism of selective swelling-induced pore generation. The substrate porosity can be well tuned over a wide range via adjusting swelling duration. Selective swelling does not compromise the structural integrity and surface properties of polyamide layers atop the substrates. Importantly, the boosted porosity reduces the water transport resistance in substrates markedly, which in turn enables fast water permeation in reverse osmosis membranes. Thus, the optimal membrane shows exceptional water permeance of 50.4 L m-2 h^-1 MPa^-1 and a high NaCl rejection of 99.2%. Our work not only offers a novel strategy to enhance the water permeance of reverse osmosis membranes, but also demonstrates that the transport resistance of substrates also significantly influences water permeance of reverse osmosis membranes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Name: Trimesoylchloride).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Name: Trimesoylchloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and Evaluation of N-substituted (Z)-5-(Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5- ylmethylene)-2-Thioxothiazolidin-4-one Derivatives and 5-Substituted- Thioxothiazolidindione Derivatives as Potent Anticonvulsant Agents was written by Dong, Shiyang;Liu, Yanhua;Xu, Jun;Hu, Yue;Huang, Limin;Wang, Zengtao. And the article was included in CNS & Neurological Disorders: Drug Targets in 2019.Recommanded Product: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene This article mentions the following:

Background: Epilepsy is a serious and common neurol. disorder threatening the health of humans. Despite enormous progress in epileptic research, the anti-epileptic drugs present many limitations. These limitations prompted the development of more safer and effective AEDs. Methods: A series of N-substituted (Z)-5-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)- 2-thioxothiazolidin-4- one derivatives and 5-substituted-thioxothiazolidindione derivatives were designed, synthesized and tested for anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock (MES) and s.c. pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ). Neurotoxicity was determined by the rotarod test. Results: Among them, the most potent 4e displayed high protection against MES-induced seizures with an ED50 value of 9.7 mg/kg and TD50 value of 263.3 mg/kg, which provided 4e with a high protective index (TD50/ED50) of 27.1 comparable to reference antiepileptic drugs. 4e clearly inhibits the NaV1.1 channel in vitro. The mol. docking study was conducted to exploit the results. Conclusion: Stiripentol is a good lead compound for further structural modification. Compound 4e was synthesized, which displayed remarkable anticonvulsant activities, and the NaV1.1 channel inhibition was involved in the mechanism of action of 4e. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4Recommanded Product: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene).

2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Recommanded Product: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases was written by Ghidini, Eleonora;Marchini, Gessica;Capelli, Anna Maria;Carnini, Chiara;Cenacchi, Valentina;Fioni, Alessandro;Facchinetti, Fabrizio;Rancati, Fabio. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Name: 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene This article mentions the following:

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity (K_i) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Name: 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Name: 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

H₂O₂ production at gas-diffusion cathodes made from agarose-derived carbons with different textural properties for acebutolol degradation in chloride media was written by Zhang, Yanyu;Daniel, Giorgia;Lanzalaco, Sonia;Isse, Abdirisak Ahmed;Facchin, Alessandro;Wang, Aimin;Brillas, Enric;Durante, Christian;Sires, Ignasi. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid This article mentions the following:

The excessive cost, unsustainability or complex production of new highly selective electrocatalysts for H2O2 production, especially noble-metal-based ones, is prohibitive in the water treatment sector. To solve this conundrum, biomass-derived carbons with adequate textural properties were synthesized via agarose double-step pyrolysis followed by steam activation. A longer steam treatment enhanced the graphitization and porosity, even surpassing com. carbon black. Steam treatment for 20 min yielded the greatest surface area (1248 m2 g-1), enhanced the mesopore/micropore volume distribution and increased the activity (E1/2 = 0.609 V) and yield of H2O2 (40%) as determined by RRDE. The upgraded textural properties had very pos. impact on the ability of the corresponding gas-diffusion electrodes (GDEs) to accumulate H2O2, reaching Faradaic current efficiencies of ∼95% at 30 min. Acidic solutions of β-blocker acebutolol were treated by photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) process in synthetic media with and without chloride. In urban wastewater, total drug disappearance was reached at 60 min with almost 50% mineralization after 360 min at only 10 mA cm-2. Up to 14 degradation products were identified in the Cl–containing medium. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pigeon egg white protein-based transparent durable hydrogel via monodisperse ionic surfactant-mediated protein condensation was written by Zhou, Xinlian;Chen, Zaozao;Nojima, Tatsuya. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Electric Literature of C19H15Cl This article mentions the following:

The thermal gelation property of proteins is useful in creating protein-based materials. The gelation of protein solution often proceeds by the random aggregation of denatured proteins, and the protein-based gels are typically brittle or opaque, or both. Improvement in the mech. and optical properties of protein-based materials are required for them to be practical and functional. This study investigated pigeon egg white, which is semitransparent in its thermally gelled state, as a protein source for creating hydrogel materials. The protein thermal gelation process was initiated from the orderly condensed state of proteins complexed with monodisperse ionic surfactants to suppress random aggregation. The resultant gel showed transparency in the visible light region and was not destroyed at 99% compression under 17.8 MPa compressive stress, 350-fold higher than the compressive fracture strength of typical boiled pigeon egg white. These results showed that durable transparent hydrogels could be fabricated by the rational combination of natural proteins and surfactants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Electric Literature of C19H15Cl).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Electric Literature of C19H15Cl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Biocatalytic Enantioselective Oxidative C-C Coupling by Aerobic C-H Activation was written by Schrittwieser, Joerg H.;Resch, Verena;Sattler, Johann H.;Lienhart, Wolf-Dieter;Durchschein, Katharina;Winkler, Andreas;Gruber, Karl;Macheroux, Peter;Kroutil, Wolfgang. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2011.Computed Properties of C9H9ClO2 This article mentions the following:

The berberine bridge enzyme (BBE) was employed for the first preparative oxidative biocatalytic C-C coupling that leads to a new intramol. bond. This unique transformation requires O₂ as sole stoichiometric oxidant and gives access to novel optically pure (S)-berbine and (R)-1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid derivatives by kinetic resolution In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0Computed Properties of C9H9ClO2).

2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Computed Properties of C9H9ClO2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Eco-friendly preparation of Bi₂O₃, Ag-Bi₂O₃ and Ag-Bi₂O₃-rGO nanomaterials and their photocatalytic H₂ evolution, dye degradation, nitrite sensing and biological applications was written by Nethravathi, P. C.;Manjula, M. V.;Devaraja, S.;Sakar, M.;Suresh, D.. And the article was included in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry in 2023.Synthetic Route of C16H18ClN3S This article mentions the following:

The current studies demonstrate the preparation of Bi₂O₃, Ag-Bi₂O₃, Ag-Bi₂O₃-rGO nanocomposite using a clear and concise, environmentally sustainable, low-cost green combustion method employing citrus limon as fuel. The synthesized materials were characterised through XRD, UV-DRS, FT-IR, TGA, TEM, SEM and Raman studies. The synthesized Ag-Bi₂O₃-rGO composite exhibited much improved photocatalytic H₂ evolution activity (432.7 μmolg^-1 h^-1) which is 5.5 times greater than bare-Bi₂O₃ (78.6 μmolg^-1 h^-1) and 4.2 times greater than Ag-Bi₂O₃ (101.2 μmolg^-1 h^-1) NPs. Further, Bi₂O₃, Ag-Bi₂O₃ and Ag-Bi₂O₃-rGO composite degraded the MB dye by 63.96, 74.9 and 100 % resp. in 90 min. Ag-Bi₂O₃-rGO exhibited superior electrochem. nitrite sensing property (with the LOD of 19.792 μM). Ag-Bi₂O₃-rGO nanocomposite exhibited potential antiradical property with IC50 of 900 μg/mL Ag-Bi₂O₃-rGO was found to have potent direct haemolytic, anticoagulant, antiplatelet and antibacterial activities. This study illustrates a simple, environmental friendly green synthetic technique for large-scale synthesis of multifunctional Ag-Bi₂O₃-rGO nanocomposite. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Synthetic Route of C16H18ClN3S).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Synthetic Route of C16H18ClN3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Carborane Stabilized “19-Electron” Molybdenum Metalloradical was written by Jaiswal, Kuldeep;Malik, Naveen;Tumanskii, Boris;Menard, Gabriel;Dobrovetsky, Roman. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Formula: C19H15Cl This article mentions the following:

Molybdenum 19-e paramagnetic complexes stabilized by carboranylphosphine 1,2-C₂B₁₀H₁₁PPh₂ (CbPPh₂) were prepared by photolysis of half-sandwich Mo-Mo dimer [Cp₂Mo₂(CO)₆] in the presence of CbPPh₂. Paramagnetic metal complexes gained a lot of attention due to their participation in a number of important chem. reactions. In most cases, these complexes are dominated by 17-e metalloradicals that are associatively activated with highly reactive paramagnetic 19-e species. Molybdenum paramagnetic complexes are among the most investigated ones. While some examples of persistent 17-e Mo-centered radicals have been reported, in contrast, 19-e Mo-centered radicals are illusive species and as such could rarely be detected. In this work, the photodissociation of the [Cp(CO)₃Mo]₂ dimer (1) in the presence of phosphines was revisited. As a result, the first persistent, formally 19-e Mo radical with significant electron d. on the Mo center (22%), Cp(CO)₃Mo^•PPh₂(o-C₂B₁₀H₁₁) (5b), was generated and characterized by EPR spectroscopy and MS as well as studied by DFT calculations The stabilization of 5b was likely achieved due to a unique electron-withdrawing effect of the o-carboranyl substituent at the phosphorus center. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Formula: C19H15Cl).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Formula: C19H15Cl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics