Month: February 2023

Effects of the presence of triclocarban on the degradation and migration of co-occurring pesticides in soil was written by Cheng, Zheng;Zhang, Chuntao;Jiang, Wenqi;Zhai, Wangjing;Gao, Jing;Wang, Peng. And the article was included in Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2022.Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Triclocarban (TCC), a bactericide widely used in personal care products, is frequently detected in soil and surface water, which may affect the environmental behavior of other environmental pollutants by changing the community structure of environmental microorganisms. This work evaluated the effects of TCC on the degradation and migration of seven herbicides and five fungicides in soil under co-occurrence conditions. TCC significantly increased the persistence of the pesticides in soil, and this effect increased with TCC concentration For example, the half-life of metolachlor, atrazine, metribuzin, and metamitron increased 44%, 38%, 153%, and 33%, resp., with 10 mg/kg TCC and increased 60%-640% with 100 mg/kg TCC. After 90 days, the residue of the pesticides in soil treated with TCC was significantly elevated relative to the control. TCC treatment could also increase the potential leaching risk of the herbicides in the soil, as indicated by an increased Groundwater Ubiquity Score (GUS) index. The reduced abundance of soil bacteria by TCC might be an essential reason for the impacts on the environmental behavior of the pesticides. This study confirmed that TCC could slow down the degradation of pesticides in soil, increase their persistence and even affect the leaching behavior, thus influencing the risks of the pesticides to the environment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enantiodifferentiating photoisomerization of cyclooctene included and sensitized by benzoate modified β-cyclodextrin derivatives: switching of product chirality by solvent was written by Li, Guangxun;Wang, Zhizhong;Lu, Runhua;Tang, Zhuo. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2011.COA of Formula: C8H4ClNO This article mentions the following:

Solvent effect upon asym. photosensitization was studied in the enantiodifferentiating photoisomerization of cyclooctene(1Z), sensitized by benzoate modified β-cyclodextrin derivatives bearing nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur substituents. The enantiomeric excess (ee) and E/Z ratio of reaction products were susceptible to the concentration of methanol in the aqueous solution, which could switch to the chirality of product unprecedentedly. Further the conformation of the modified CDs in aqueous methanol solutions with 1Z were highly sensitive to both the substituent(s) on benzoate moiety of the modified CDs and the concentration of methanol. Solvent content represents a new versatile tool to efficiently manipulate the asym. photochem. reactions, in which the chirality of products can be switched by simply changing the methanol content of reaction solvent rather than synthesizing the antipodal sensitizers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1COA of Formula: C8H4ClNO).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.COA of Formula: C8H4ClNO

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Practical and efficient applications of novel dioxaborolanes and dioxaborinanes in the synthesis of corresponding boronates and their use in the palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions was written by Myslinska, Malgorzata;Heise, Glenn L.;Walsh, Dana J.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2012.Application of 18437-66-6 This article mentions the following:

The syntheses of boronates derived from the reaction of dioxaborolanes and dioxaborinanes with either organolithium or organomagnesium reagents are investigated along with their subsequent use in the palladium cross coupling reaction. The intrinsic stability of these cyclic esters contributes to their facile reaction with both lithium and magnesium nucleophiles at mild and safe conditions. We have found that many of the reactions proceed at room temperature which is a significant improvement over the traditional routes which require cryogenic temperatures The scope of these reactions and their practical application to large scale process synthesis is described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6Application of 18437-66-6).

tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Application of 18437-66-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sulfonylguanidine Derivatives as Potential Antimelanoma Agents was written by Baladi, Tom;Hamouda-Tekaya, Nedra;Goncalves, Leticia Christina Pires;Rocchi, Stephane;Ronco, Cyril;Benhida, Rachid. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2020.COA of Formula: C7H4ClF3O2S This article mentions the following:

Sulfonylguanidines are interesting bioactive compounds with a broad range of applications in the treatment of different pathologies. 2-Aminobenzazole-based structures are well employed in the development of new anticancer drugs. Two series of novel N-benzazol-2-yl-N’-sulfonyl guanidine derivatives were synthesized with the sulfonylguanidine in either an extra- or intracyclic frame. They were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against malignant melanoma tumor cells, thus allowing structure-activity relationships to be defined. Addnl., NCI-60 screening was performed for the best analog to study its efficiency against a panel of other cancer cell lines. The stability profile of this promising compound was then validated. During the synthetic process, an unexpected new deamidination of the sulfonylguanidine towards sulfonamide function was also identified. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6COA of Formula: C7H4ClF3O2S).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).COA of Formula: C7H4ClF3O2S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Organometallic compounds of the alkali metals. VII. Orientation in protophilic aromatic metalation by ethylsodium and ethyllithium-potassinm reagents: factors influencing the reactivity of metalating reagents was written by Bryce-Smith, D.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1963.COA of Formula: C8H10ClN This article mentions the following:

An extension of previous work on the metalation of isopropyl-benzene by alkylsodiums and an EtLi-K complex is described. The isomer ratios for metalation of isopropylbenzene by EtNa are similar at 20° and 85° and very similar to those given by C₅H₁₁Na at 20°: meta-substitution predominates in each case. The total rate factors for nuclear metalation of isopropylbenzene by EtNa and an EtLi-K complex are closely similar, and show that the isopropyl group behaves as a deactivating substituent, in agreement with previous work. Little or no rearrangement appears to occur in the conditions employed, in contrast with the recently reported behavior of related Li-free systems. PhLi-K is less reactive than PhK towards PhMe and PhCl. It is suggested that metalations of the present type may occur in homogeneous spin., notwithstanding the apparent heterogeneity of the reaction systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1COA of Formula: C8H10ClN).

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.COA of Formula: C8H10ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enantioselective One-pot Synthesis of 3-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes via Allylic Substitution and Oxidative Cyclization was written by Chaki, Bijan Mohon;Takenaka, Kazuhiro;Zhu, Linpeng;Tsujihara, Tetsuya;Takizawa, Shinobu;Sasai, Hiroaki. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride This article mentions the following:

An enantioselective one-pot synthesis of 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes I (R = (2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl, mesyl, tosyl, etc.; R¹ = Me, Ph, thiophen-2-yl, etc.; R² = Me, cyano, benzoyl, etc.) from allyl carbonates R²C(=CH₂)CH₂OBoc and propargyl amines RNHCH₂CCR¹ was reported. An amine catalyst promoted the allylic substitution to form intermediary N-allyl propargylamines RN(CH₂C(=CH₂)R²)CH₂CCR¹, which underwent enantioselective Pd(II)/Pd(IV)-mediated oxidative cyclization in situ. The chiral ligand (P,R,R)-i-Pr-SPRIX is crucial to the cyclization, producing the desired bicyclic compounds in up to 92% yield and 90% ee. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 63624-28-2Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride).

2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 63624-28-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Application In Synthesis of 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An ultra-sensitive dual-signal ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor based on functionalized MOFs for detection of HER2 was written by Xu, Ying;Zhang, Ya;Li, Ning;Yang, Mei;Xiang, Tingxiu;Huo, Danqun;Qiu, Zhu;Yang, Li;Hou, Changjun. And the article was included in Bioelectrochemistry in 2022.Application of 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

The dual-signal radiometric sensor can effectively reduce the difference between repeated detection and achieve higher accuracy, sensitivity and repeatability detection. In this work, we constructed a simple ratiometric electrochem. aptasensor based on functionalized ZIF-67 and ZIF-90 for sensitive detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). ZIF-67@Ferrocene (Fc)/antimonate nano flakes (AMNFs) as the capture probe has a large sp. surface area and good conductivity, and have a strong adsorption capacity for aptamer single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). When the biomarker – HER2 interacts with aptamer ssDNA, it is easily desorbed from its surface. At the same time, ZIF-90@ methylene blue (MB) as the signal probe realizes one-step encapsulation of MB signal, which can avoid interference from external environment. When the target-HER2 exists, it is recognized by the capture probe, which leads to the decrease of the conductivity of the electrode. Under the action of the signal probe, the conductivity of the signal is recovered and the detection signal is amplified significantly. The designed ratiometric electrochem. aptasensor showed a wide linear range (0.5-1000 pg mL^-1) and a low detection limit (155 fg mL^-1) for HER2. Subsequently, it was applied to actual serum samples and showed acceptable applicability. It shows great potential for clin. screening and immediate detection of cancer biomarkers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Application of 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application of 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Diaza-18-crown-6 ethers containing partially-fluorinated benzyl sidearms: Effects of covalently bonded fluorine on the alkali metal complexation was written by Chi, Ki-Whan;Shim, Kwang Taeg;Huh, Hwang;Lee, Uk;Park, Young Ja. And the article was included in Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society in 2005.Name: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene This article mentions the following:

The stability constants for the diaza-18-crown-6 ethers (2-6) and alkali metal cations (Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺ and Cs⁺) were determined using potentiometry in 95% methanol. For each metal ion the stability constants of the partially-fluorinated ligands 3-6 were larger than that of the non-fluorinated ligand 2, which might reflect an interaction between fluorine atoms and alkali metal cations. The stability constant of the ligand 4 was larger than that of the ligand 5 for each metal cation tested. This finding was also supported by the results of cation-induced chem. shifts in ¹H-, ¹⁹F-NMR and extraction experiment The potentiometry and NMR results as well as the X-ray crystal structures revealed that the position and number of fluorine atoms in the benzyl side arms was crucial for the enhanced interaction between a ligand and an alkali metal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4Name: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene).

2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Name: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and Structure Activity Relationship of Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Based Potentiators of GluN2C and GluN2D Containing N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptors [Erratum to document cited in CA159:150256] was written by Santangelo Freel, Rose M.;Ogden, Kevin K.;Strong, Katie L.;Khatri, Alpa;Chepiga, Kathryn M.;Jensen, Henrik S.;Traynelis, Stephen F.;Liotta, Dennis C.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.Name: 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride This article mentions the following:

The description of the model shown in Figure 3 predicts the wrong stereochem. of the amine resulting from the stereoselective reduction of the imine; the corrected stereochem. is given, along with a discussion of the effects. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1Name: 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Name: 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Octanol/water partition coefficient of ortho-substituted aromatic solutes was written by Sotomatsu, Tomoko;Shigemura, Masao;Murata, Yoshiyuki;Fujita, Toshio. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 1993.Synthetic Route of C7H4ClNO4 This article mentions the following:

The partition coefficient (P) of some mono- and di-ortho-substituted aromatic compounds was measured in a 1-octanol/water system. For each series of compounds with the same functional group, the π value (the difference in the log P value between the substituted and unsubstituted compound) was analyzed on the same basis as the values of m- and p-substituted isomers by an extended Hammett-Taft procedure. In the procedure, the authors considered the intramol. electronic and steric effects, operating between substituents and governing the relative hydrogen-bonding solvation with partitioning solvents for solutes in which internal hydrogen-bond formation can be ignored. The π value for mono- and di-ortho-substituted derivatives was adequately included in the correlation equation for the values of the m- and p-substituted derivatives in each series. The effect of di-ortho substituents on partition behaviors could be roughly expressed by the sum of the effects of the 2- and 6-position substituents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-6-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 5344-49-0Synthetic Route of C7H4ClNO4).

2-Chloro-6-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 5344-49-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Synthetic Route of C7H4ClNO4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics