Month: February 2023

Discovery of Highly Potent Liver X Receptor 尾 Agonists was written by Kick, Ellen K.;Busch, Brett B.;Martin, Richard;Stevens, William C.;Bollu, Venkataiah;Xie, Yinong;Boren, Brant C.;Nyman, Michael C.;Nanao, Max H.;Nguyen, Lam;Plonowski, Artur;Schulman, Ira G.;Yan, Grace;Zhang, Huiping;Hou, Xiaoping;Valente, Meriah N.;Narayanan, Rangaraj;Behnia, Kamelia;Rodrigues, A. David;Brock, Barry;Smalley, James;Cantor, Glenn H.;Lupisella, John;Sleph, Paul;Grimm, Denise;Ostrowski, Jacek;Wexler, Ruth R.;Kirchgessner, Todd;Mohan, Raju. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2016.COA of Formula: C8H5ClFN This article mentions the following:

Introducing a uniquely substituted Ph sulfone into a series of biphenyl imidazole liver X receptor (LXR) agonists afforded a dramatic potency improvement for induction of ATP binding cassette transporters, ABCA1 and ABCG1, in human whole blood. The agonist series demonstrated robust LXR尾 activity (>70%) with low partial LXR伪 agonist activity (<25%) in cell assays, providing a window between desired blood cell ABCG1 gene induction in cynomolgus monkeys and modest elevation of plasma triglycerides for agonist I. The addition of polarity to the Ph sulfone also reduced binding to the plasma protein, human 伪-1-acid glycoprotein. Agonist I was selected for clin. development based on the favorable combination of in vitro properties, excellent pharmacokinetic parameters and a favorable lipid profile. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-6-fluorophenylacetonitrile (cas: 75279-55-9COA of Formula: C8H5ClFN).

2-Chloro-6-fluorophenylacetonitrile (cas: 75279-55-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.COA of Formula: C8H5ClFN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cosolvent-Assisted Interfacial Polymerization toward Regulating the Morphology and Performance of Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membranes: Increased m-Phenylenediamine Solubility or Enhanced Interfacial Vaporization? was written by Gan, Qimao;Peng, Lu Elfa;Guo, Hao;Yang, Zhe;Tang, Chuyang Y.. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2022.Product Details of 4422-95-1 This article mentions the following:

Cosolvent-assisted interfacial polymerization (IP) can effectively enhance the separation performance of thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating the formation of their polyamide (PA) rejection films remain controversial. The current study reveals two essential roles of cosolvents in the IP reaction: (1) directly promoting interfacial vaporization with their lower b.ps. and (2) increasing the solubility of m-phenylenediamine (MPD) in the organic phase, thereby indirectly promoting the IP reaction. Using a series of systematically chosen cosolvents (i.e., di-Et ether, acetone, methanol, and toluene) with different b.ps. and MPD solubilities, we show that the surface morphologies of TFC RO membranes were regulated by the combined direct and indirect effects. A cosolvent favoring interfacial vaporization (e.g., lower b.p., greater MPD solubility, and/or higher concentration) tends to create greater apparent thickness of the rejection layer, larger nanovoids within the layer, and more extensive exterior PA layers, leading to significantly improved membrane water permeance. We further demonstrate the potential to achieve better antifouling performance for the cosolvent-assisted TFC membranes. The current study provides mechanistic insights into the critical roles of cosolvents in IP reactions, providing new tools for tailoring membrane morphol. and separation properties toward more efficient desalination and water reuse. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Product Details of 4422-95-1).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Product Details of 4422-95-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Facile modification of TiO₂ nanoparticles with H₂O₂ + NH₄F for enhanced visible light photodegradation of rhodamine B and methylene blue was written by Yu, Zhehan;Zhang, Lihua;Watanabe, Seiichi. And the article was included in Materials Today Communications in 2022.COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S This article mentions the following:

We report a facile modification method to increase the visible light activity of TiO₂ samples. We use titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) as the raw Ti source, hydrolyzing in acidic and alk. solutions, resp., to fabricate different TiO₂ samples as raw TiO₂ together with P25-TiO₂. Only hydrogen peroxide and ammonia fluoride are used for this facile modification method, and three TiO₂ samples are modified for the visible light degradation This method could promote the transformation of crystalline TiO₂ from rutile to anatase, increase the sp. surface area, and the bandgap of samples shift to lower energy (2.2 – 3.0 eV) after the modification. For the visible light photodegradation tests, all the three modified samples show a higher visible light photodegradation efficiency. The highest kinetic constant of Rhodamine B and methylene blue degradation is 7 and 2 times that of P25, resp. Addnl., TiO₂ fabricated by TTIP in alk. solution and its as-modified sample show the highest adsorption of methylene blue dye, whose adsorption rate reaches 9 times that of P25. Thus, the present facile modification can effectively improve the photocatalytic ability of TiO₂ under visible light. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rhodium and Iridium Complexes Bearing “Capping Arene” Ligands: Synthesis and Characterization was written by Gu, Shunyan;Musgrave, Charles B.;Gehman, Zoe M.;Zhang, Ke;Dickie, Diane A.;Goddard, William A.;Gunnoe, T. Brent. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2021.Safety of Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer This article mentions the following:

A series of olefin-coordinated Rh^I and Ir^I complexes bearing “capping arene” ligands (5–^XFP and 6–^XFP) of the general formulas (FP)M(olefin)X, [(FP)M(olefin)₂][M(olefin)₂X₂], and [(FP)M(olefin)₂]BF₄ (FP = “capping arene” ligands, X = halide or pseudohalide, olefin = ethylene, cyclooctene, (olefin)₂ = (C₂H₄)₂ or cyclooctadiene) were synthesized and characterized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed structural differences that are a function of the identity of the capping arene ligand and the metal. For 5–^XFP ligands (5–^XFP = 1,2-bis(N-7-azaindolyl)-benzene and derivatives with substituents on the arene moiety), the coordination to both Rh and Ir gives rise to complexes that are best described as 16-electron and square planar. For 6–^XFP ligands (6–^XFP = 8,8′-(1,2-phenylene)diquinoline and derivatives with substituents on the arene moiety), the structures of Rh and Ir complexes are better considered as 18-electron and trigonal bipyramidal due to an 畏²-C,C interaction between the metal center and the arene group of the capping arene ligand. Variable-temperature ¹H NMR spectroscopy studies of ethylene rotation demonstrated that the Ir complexes possess higher activation barriers to rotation in comparison to Rh complexes and the 6–^XFP complexes tend to give ethylene higher rotational barriers in comparison to 5–^XFP complexes for complexes of the type (FP)Rh(畏²-C₂H₄)Cl. DFT calculations are consistent with enhanced Rh to ethylene 蟺-back-donation for Rh complexes ligated by the 6–^XFP ligands in comparison to the 5–^XFP ligands. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer (cas: 39722-81-1Safety of Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer).

Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer (cas: 39722-81-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Safety of Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of 1,5-Dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones from Propargyl Amines and Benzyl Chlorides was written by Le, Zhengjie;Zhu, Yiwen;Bao, Zhi-Peng;Ying, Jun;Wu, Xiao-Feng. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 620-19-9 This article mentions the following:

A palladium-catalyzed double carbonylation of propargyl amines and benzyl chlorides employing benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate (TFBen) as the CO source was developed. By using this protocol, various 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones I [R = Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, 3-thienyl, etc.; R¹ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, etc.] were produced in good yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9HPLC of Formula: 620-19-9).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.HPLC of Formula: 620-19-9

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of azole acids as novel, potent dual PPAR 伪/纬 agonists was written by Zhang, Hao;Ryono, Denis E.;Devasthale, Pratik;Wang, Wei;O’Malley, Kevin;Farrelly, Dennis;Gu, Liqun;Harrity, Thomas;Cap, Michael;Chu, Cuixia;Locke, Kenneth;Zhang, Litao;Lippy, Jonathan;Kunselman, Lori;Morgan, Nathan;Flynn, Neil;Moore, Lisa;Hosagrahara, Vinayak;Zhang, Lisa;Kadiyala, Pathanjali;Xu, Carrie;Doweyko, Arthur M.;Bell, Aneka;Chang, Chiehying;Muckelbauer, Jodi;Zahler, Robert;Hariharan, Narayanan;Cheng, Peter T. W.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2009.Application In Synthesis of 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride This article mentions the following:

The design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of N-phenyl-substituted pyrrole I [R¹ = 3- or 4-[2-(5-Me-2-Ph-4-oxazolyl)ethoxy], R² = Me, Ph], 1,2-pyrazole and 1,2,3-triazole acid analogs as PPAR ligands was outlined. The triazole acid analogs II [R¹ = 3- (III) or 4-[2-(5-Me-2-Ph-4-oxazolyl)ethoxy]] were identified as potent dual PPAR伪/纬 agonists both in binding and functional assays in vitro. Analog III showed excellent glucose and triglyceride lowering in diabetic db/db mice. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0Application In Synthesis of 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride).

2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Application In Synthesis of 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Efficient and Selective N-Methylation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Conditions was written by Pedrajas, Elena;Sorribes, Ivan;Guillamon, Eva;Junge, Kathrin;Beller, Matthias;Llusar, Rosa. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2017.Quality Control of 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline This article mentions the following:

A straightforward protocol for the preparation of N,N-dimethylated amines from readily available nitro starting materials using formic acid as a renewable C₁ source and silanes as reducing agents was reported. This tandem process was efficiently accomplished in the presence of a cubane-type Mo₃PtS₄ catalyst. A [3+1] building block strategy starting from the trinuclear [Mo₃S₄Cl₃(dmen)₃]⁺ and Pt(PPh₃)₄ complexes was followed for the preparation of the novel [Mo₃Pt(PPh₃)S₄Cl₃(dmen)₃]⁺ (dmen: N,N’-dimethylethylenediamine) compound. The heterobimetallic [Mo₃Pt(PPh₃)S₄Cl₃(dmen)₃]⁺ cation preserved the main structural features of its [Mo₃S₄Cl₃(dmen)₃]⁺ cluster precursor. Interestingly, this catalytic protocol operated at room temperature with high chemoselectivity when the [Mo₃Pt(PPh₃)S₄Cl₃(dmen)₃]⁺ catalyst co-exists with its trinuclear [Mo₃S₄Cl₃(dmen)₃]⁺ precursor. N-heterocyclic arenes, double bonds, ketones, cyanides and ester functional groups were well retained after N-methylation of the corresponding functionalized nitroarenes. In addition, benzylic-type as well as aliphatic nitro compounds were also methylated following this protocol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1Quality Control of 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline).

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Quality Control of 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Metal organic framework-derived Zr/Cu bimetallic photocatalyst for the degradation of tetracycline and organic dyes was written by Kaushal, Sandeep;Pal Singh, Prit;Kaur, Navjot. And the article was included in Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management in 2022.Application of 61-73-4 This article mentions the following:

The exploitation of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) has caused significant hazards to both the humans as well as the environment. As a result, developing efficient strategies to eliminate these contaminants is both important and practicable. Photocatalytic degradation appears to be one of the most potential techniques for extracting antibiotics. Semiconductors seem to be the most extensively used photocatalysts even though their performance is still hampered by light absorption limitations and poor charge separation MOFs are worthy choices for the construction of hierarchical nanostructures with semiconductors to address the foregoing concerns because of their extraordinary features including better surface area and extensive active sites. Zr/Cu-MOF was synthesized by precipitation refluxing method and its efficacy as a photocatalyst for the degradation of TC antibiotics and poisonous dyes such as rhodamine B and methylene blue was examined in this study. The Zr/Cu-MOF displayed excellent efficacy for degradation of tetracycline (93 % in 80 min), Rhodamine B (96 % in 70 min) and methylene blue (96 % in 50 min) with rate constant of 0.0308, 0.052 and 0.068 min^-1. The contribution of reactive species in antibiotics and dye degradation was confirmed by radical scavenging investigations which showed that.OH radical has a significant role in photocatalytic decomposition In addition, tests using liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were carried out in order to predict a probable mechanism for TC degradation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Application of 61-73-4).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Application of 61-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl-Substituted Pyrazole Derivatives as Potent Growth Inhibitors of Drug-Resistant Bacteria was written by Alkhaibari, Ibrahim S.;Kc, Hansa Raj;Roy, Subrata;Abu-gazleh, Mohd. K.;Gilmore, David F.;Alam, Mohammad A.. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.SDS of cas: 2613-34-5 This article mentions the following:

The design, synthesis, and antimicrobial studies of 30 novel pyrazole derivatives I (R = C₆H₅, 3-FC₆H₄, 3,4-(F₂)C₆H₃, etc.) have been described. Most of the synthesized compounds I are potent growth inhibitors of planktonic Gram-pos. bacteria with min. inhibitory concertation (MIC) values as low as 0.25渭g/mL. Further studies led to the discovery of several lead compounds, which are bactericidal and potent against MRSA persisters. Compounds I (R = 4-BrC₆H₄, 3,5-(Cl)₂-4-FC₆H₂, 4-Br-3-Cl-2-FC₆H₂) are potent against S. aureus biofilms with min. biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values as low as 1渭g/mL. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Chloro-2,4-difluoroaniline (cas: 2613-34-5SDS of cas: 2613-34-5).

3-Chloro-2,4-difluoroaniline (cas: 2613-34-5) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.SDS of cas: 2613-34-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Studies towards DIAD promoted N-demethylation of N,N-dimethylanilines was written by Ren, Jiangmeng;Cao, Fu-Rong;Sun, Xue-Qin;Xu, Xuan;Liu, Gui-Xia;Zeng, Bu-Bing. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2022.Computed Properties of C8H10ClN This article mentions the following:

The demethylation of N,N-dimethylanilines promoted by diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD) to provide N-methylanilines was achieved in this paper. This protocol featured with mild reaction condition, simple operation and moderate to good yield. The intermediates were isolated and identified by means of spectroscopy methods. The reaction mechanism was investigated exptl. and further verified by theor. calculations This method could be applied to the study of the metabolites of medicines containing N,N-dimethylaniline fragments. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1Computed Properties of C8H10ClN).

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Computed Properties of C8H10ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics