Month: February 2023

Direct and Divergent Solid-Phase Synthesis of Azobenzene and Spiropyran Derivatives was written by Kollarigowda, Ravichandran H.;Braun, Paul V.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Related Products of 76-83-5 This article mentions the following:

Here a solid-phase approach to synthesize azobenzenes I [Ar = 4-NH₂C₆H₄, 2,6-di-PhC₆H₃, 1-naphthyl, etc.] and spiropyran derivatives e.g., II was reported. The divergent synthesis process required no purification steps to obtain the desired product with 28-55% yield, depending on the specific compound For the spiropyran compounds, solid-phase resin cleavage was performed under mild condition to minimize spiropyran ring opening. The solid-phase method enabled synthesis of a library of azobenzene and spiropyran derivatives without the need of developing purification strategies for each derivative In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Related Products of 76-83-5).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Related Products of 76-83-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

N-monoarylacetothioureas as potent urease inhibitors: synthesis, SAR, and biological evaluation was written by Li, Wei-Yi;Ni, Wei-Wei;Ye, Ya-Xi;Fang, Hai-Lian;Pan, Xing-Ming;He, Jie-Ling;Zhou, Tian-Li;Yi, Juan;Liu, Shan-Shan;Zhou, Mi;Xiao, Zhu-Ping;Zhu, Hai-Liang. And the article was included in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Name: 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride This article mentions the following:

A urease inhibitor with good in vivo profile is considered as an alternative agent for treating infections caused by urease-producing bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori. Here, we report a series of N-monosubstituted thioureas, which act as effective urease inhibitors with very low cytotoxicity. One compound () was evaluated in detail and shows promising features for further development as an agent to treat H. pylori caused diseases. Excellent values for the inhibition of against both extracted urease and urease in intact cell were observed, which shows IC₅₀ values of 0.16 ± 0.05 and 3.86 ± 0.10μM, being 170- and 44-fold more potent than the clin. used drug AHA, resp. Docking simulations suggested that the monosubstituted thiourea moiety penetrates urea binding site. In addition, is a rapid and reversible urease inhibitor, and displays nM affinity to urease with very slow dissociation (k_off=1.60 × 10^-3 s^-1) from the catalytic domain. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0Name: 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride).

2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Name: 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Determination of Cadmium in Tap, Sea and Waste Water Samples by Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid-Solidified Floating Organic Drop Microextraction and Slotted Quartz Tube FAAS After Complexation with a Imidazole Based Ligand was written by Findikoglu, Maral Selin;Firat, Merve;Chormey, Dotse Selali;Turak, Fatma;Sahin, Cigdem;Bakirdere, Sezgin. And the article was included in Water, Air, & Soil Pollution in 2018.SDS of cas: 3386-33-2 This article mentions the following:

This study presents a combination of dispersive liquid-liquid-solidified floating organic drop microextraction (DLLSFODM) and slotted quartz tube (SQT) with conventional flame at. absorption spectrometry (FAAS) to improve the sensitivity for cadmium determination A ligand namely 2-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-imidazo-[4,5-f]-[1,10]-phenanthroline which has not been used in trace analyte determination was used to form a cadmium complex. Stepwise optimization of parameters affecting complex formation (pH, ligand, and buffer solution) and extraction (extraction and dispersive solvents, salt effect and mixing) was done to maximize cadmium absorbance. The slotted quartz tube was fitted onto the flame burner and optimized to increase residence time of atoms in the flame. Instrumental parameters such as sample and fuel flow rate were also optimized to further enhance the absorbance signal for cadmium. Using optimal parameters and values, the limits of detection and quantification were determined to be 0.81 and 2.69 μg L^-1, resp. Low percent relative standard deviations (< 6.0%) indicated good precision for both extraction and instrumental measurements. Recovery tests were used to determine the accuracy of the method and the recovery results obtained were between 88 and 113%. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2SDS of cas: 3386-33-2).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.SDS of cas: 3386-33-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The study of the ultraviolet absorption of ortho-substituted anilines. II. N-Substituted ortho-halogenated anilines was written by Grammaticakis, P.. And the article was included in Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France in 1949.Formula: C8H10ClN This article mentions the following:

The qual. relations between the spectra of the N-derivatives of o-toluidine and mesidine are generally retained when the Me group is replaced by Cl or Br. Br causes very slight, if any, shift toward the visible as compared with Cl. Spectra are reported of: o-ClC₆H₄NH₂ (I); 2,4,6-Cl₃C₆H₂NH₂ (II); 2,4,6-Br₃C₆H₂NH₂ (III); the N-mono-Me and N,N-di-Me derivatives of I, II, and III; the N-Ac, N-Bz, and N-formyl derivatives of I, II, and III and their N-mono-Me derivatives; the N,N-di-Ac derivatives of II and III; the N-cyclohexylidene derivatives of I and II; the N-benzylidene derivatives of I, II, and III; the N-phenylcarbamyl derivatives of I, II, and III and their N-mono-Me derivatives; the N-PhSO₂ derivative of I; the N-phenylcarbamyl derivative of mesidine and its mono-Bu derivative; the N-carbamyl derivatives of I and o-toluidine and o-acetotoluide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1Formula: C8H10ClN).

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Formula: C8H10ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Conjugation of two functional groups through an unsaturated system was written by Exner, Otto;Bohm, Stanislav. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry in 2005.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-Chlorobut-2-enoic acid This article mentions the following:

Energies of 51 1-(E),4-(E)-disubstituted 1,3-butadienes (1), 36 1,4-disubstituted benzenes (2) and 36 (E)-1,2-disubstituted ethenes (3) with dipolar substituents were calculated at the B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p) level and evaluated in terms of isodesmic reactions expressing the interaction of substituents through the conjugated system. The energy of interaction reaches up to 40 kJ mol^-1, it is roughly similar in the three series and most regular in the series 1. While its correlation within the framework of dual substituent parameter anal. lacks phys. meaning, it is possible to sep. the conjugative (resonance) component by subtracting the inductive component with reference to 1,4-disubstituted bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes 4. The conjugative interaction is strongly stabilizing for the combination acceptor-donor and destabilizing for two donors; in these cases it is parallel to changes of geometry as they are predicted by the common resonance formulas. Interaction of two acceptors is weak; in addition, there are groups that cannot be classified either as donors or as acceptors. Therefore, one can construct a scale of the resonance ability of donors in conjugation with an acceptor and vice versa, but it is not possible to express the interaction of two donors or of two acceptors on a unified scale for all substituents. The resonance description is certainly appropriate for the typical examples (interaction of NO₂ and NH₂) but should not be generalized to all possible structures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-Chlorobut-2-enoic acid (cas: 26340-58-9Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-Chlorobut-2-enoic acid).

(E)-4-Chlorobut-2-enoic acid (cas: 26340-58-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-Chlorobut-2-enoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel penta-1,4-diene-3-one derivatives containing quinazoline and oxime ether fragments: Design, synthesis and bioactivity was written by Su, Shijun;Chen, Mei;Li, Qin;Wang, Yihui;Chen, Shuai;Sun, Nan;Xie, Chengwei;Huai, Ziyou;Huang, Yinjiu;Xue, Wei. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Computed Properties of C8H9Cl This article mentions the following:

A series of novel penta-1,4-diene-3-one derivatives I [R = H, [(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, [(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, [(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, [(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl; R¹ = thiophen-2-yl, pyridin-2-yl; R² = H, [(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, [(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, [(3-methylphenyl)methyl]oxidanyl, etc.; R³ = H, 6-Cl, 8-Me] containing quinazoline and oxime ether moieties were designed and synthesized. Their anticancer activities were evaluated by MTT assay, and the results showed that most compounds exhibited extremely inhibitory effects against hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells. In particular, compounds I [R = R³ = H; R¹ = pyridin-2-yl; R² = [(3-methylphenyl)methyl]oxidanyl] (II) and I [R = H; R¹ = pyridin-2-yl; R² = [(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl; R³ = 6-Cl] (III) displayed the more potent inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.64 and 0.63μM, which were better than that of gemcitabine (1.40μM). Further mechanism studies indicated that compounds II, III, I [R = [(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl; R¹ = pyridin-2-yl; R² = R³ = H] and I [R = [(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]oxidanyl; R¹ = pyridin-2-yl; R² = H; R³ = 6-Cl] could control the migration of SMMC-7721 cells effectively, and inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells by inhibiting the DNA replication. Western-blot results showed that compounds II and III induced irreversible apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells by regulating the expression level of apoptose-related proteins. Those studies demonstrated that the penta-1,4-diene-3-one derivatives I containing quinazoline and oxime ether fragments merited further research as potential anticancer agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Computed Properties of C8H9Cl).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Computed Properties of C8H9Cl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tailored design of highly permeable polyamide-based nanofiltration membrane via a complex-dissociation regulated interfacial polymerization was written by Hao, Yufan;Yang, Na;Zhang, Longfei;Fang, Yao;Sun, Yongli;Jiang, Bin;Zhang, Luhong. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2023.Related Products of 4422-95-1 This article mentions the following:

Nanofiltration (NF) that can sep. neutral/charged solutes is considered as a key industrial technol. in water softening and wastewater treatment. However, com. polyamide (PA) NF membranes, with undesirable surface properties and excessive mass transfer resistance, seriously restrict the permeability and are easily attached by pollutants. In this study, a novel CDRIP strategy was proposed to prepare highly permeable polyamide-based NF membranes, in which tannic acid (TA)/Ca(II) complex was in situ formed on substrate surface and then dissociated by sodium citrate (SC) after interfacial polymerization Interestingly, SC can not only adjust surface properties of PA, such as hydrophilicity and surface charge, but also form water-soluble SC/Ca(II) complexes for constructing addnl. transport channels within the separation layer to reduce mass transfer resistance. After the dissociation of TA/Ca(II) complex, TA remained on the membrane surface to further regulate the surface properties of separation layer. The results showed that the PA/TA/Ca(II)-SC NF membrane maintained a high Na₂SO₄ rejection (98.5%) and a remarkable water permeability of 31.7 L.m^-2.h^-1.bar^-1. The prepared NF membrane exhibits favorable operation stability and anti-fouling ability. Therefore, by employing the CDRIP method, the permeability of NF membrane can be further improved almost without sacrificing the rejection of Na₂SO₄, which provides a green and efficient strategy for the fabrication of high-performance PA-based NF membranes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Related Products of 4422-95-1).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Related Products of 4422-95-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Identification and initial evaluation of 4-N-aryl-[1,4]diazepane ureas as potent CXCR3 antagonists was written by Cole, Andrew G.;Stroke, Ilana L.;Brescia, Marc-Raleigh;Simhadri, Srilatha;Zhang, Joan J.;Hussain, Zahid;Snider, Michael;Haskell, Christopher;Ribeiro, Sofia;Appell, Kenneth C.;Henderson, Ian;Webb, Maria L.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2006.HPLC of Formula: 1711-11-1 This article mentions the following:

The identification and evaluation of aryl-[1,4]diazepane ureas as functional antagonists of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 are described. Specific examples exhibit IC₅₀ values of ∼60 nM in a calcium mobilization functional assay, and dose-dependently inhibit CXCR3 functional response to CXCL11 (interferon-inducible T-cell α chemoattractant/I-TAC) as measured by T-cell chemotaxis, with a potency of approx. 100 nM. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1HPLC of Formula: 1711-11-1).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.HPLC of Formula: 1711-11-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Some interconversion reactions of organolithium compounds was written by Gilman, Henry;Langham, Wright;Moore, Fred W.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1940.Product Details of 3438-16-2 This article mentions the following:

Details are given of 28 reactions of halo derivatives of C₆H₆, PhMe and PhOMe with BuLi in ether or petr. ether (I) with carbonation by pouring upon solid CO₂ to give acids. PhBr in ether (0.25-0.5 h.) gives 46-51% of BzOH; reaction of 0.05 mol. mixture for 1, 5, 20 and 24 h. gives 36, 15, trace and 3.4% BzOH; in I (24 h.) the yield of BzOH is 44.8%. PhI (0.25 h.) gives 49-51% BzOH; after 0.5 and 1 h. the yields are 41 and 27%; in 5 and 20 h. the yields are 13% and a trace. m-ClC₆H₄I gives 41.5% of m-ClC₆H₄CO₂H. p-ClC₆H₄Br gives 90% of p-ClC₆H₄CO₂H. p-C₆H₄B₂ in ether gives 54% p-BrC₆H₄CO₂H; in I (24 h.), 88.7% of p-C₆H₄(CO₂H)₂; in ether (5.5 h.) there was formed 67% of p-BrC₆H₄CO₂H and 33% of p-C₆H₄(CO₂H)₂. 1,3,5-C₆H₃Br₃ gives 71% of 3,5-Br₂C₆H₃CO₂H. o-BrC₆H₄Me in ether (0.25 h.) gives 83.8% and in I (20 h.) 41.7% o-MeC₆H₄CO₂H. m-BrC₆H₄Me in ether (0.25 h.) gives 65.4% and in I (20 h.) 46.1% of m-MeC₆H₄CO₂H. p-BrC₆H₄Me in ether gives 51% and in I 86.2% of p-MeC₆H₄CO₂H. p-IC₆H₄Me in ether yields 72% p-MeC₆H₄CO₂H. o- and p-BrC₆H₄OMe give 72.3 and 52% of o- and p-MeOC₆H₄CO₂H; p-IC₆H₄OMe gives 78% of p-MeOC₆H₄CO₂H. 2,5-Br₂C₆H₃Me (II) and BuLi (0.025 mol each) (15 min.) give 63% of a mixture containing 29% of 3,4-MeBrC₆H₃CO₂H (III), 20.5% of the 2,4-isomer (?) (IV) and 19% of II; with 0.025 mol of II and 0.03 mol BuLi (2 min.) there results 36.1% III and 22.3% IV; in I 0.015 mol II and 0.033 mol BuLi after 20 h. give 12.4% of III and 51.8% of 3-MeC₆H₃-(CO₂H)₂-1,4 (V); 0.01 mol II and 0.04 mol BuLi give 64.4% of V. 3-Bromoacenaphthene gives 55-62% of 3-acenaphthoic acid. (4-BrC₆H₄)₂ in 1 experiment gave 65% p-BrC₆H₄C₆H₄CO₂H (VI); in a 2nd experiment there was formed 67% of VI and 30% of (p-HO₂CC₆H₄)₂ (VII); in I the yield is 13% VI and 60.6% VII; in an experiment in which the I was distilled off during 10 h. the yield of VII was 91%. PhCH:CHBr and BuLi, heated in I for 20 h., give 23% of trans-PhCH:CHCO₂H; after 1 h., the yield is 19%; in ether there is formed 42.5% of PhCCCO₂H. p-ClC₆H₄OMe in ether gives 56% of 5,2-Cl(MeO)C₆H₃CO₂H, m. 97.5° (previously reported 80-2°); after 24 h. at 18-20° the yield was 74%. p-FC₆H₄OMe gives 10-13% of 5,2-F(MeO)C₆H₃CO₂H. 2,4,6-Br₃C₆H₂OMe in ether gives 16-19% of 3,5,2-Br₂(MeO)C₆H₂CO₂H; in I there results 75-88% of 5,2,1,3-Br(MeO)C₆H₂(CO₂H)₂. p-BrC₆H₄OPh gives 70% of p-PhOC₆H₄CO₂H. (4-BrC₆H₄)₂O yields 56.3% of 4-(4-BrC₆H₄O)C₆H₄CO₂H. Procedures are given for the conversion of small blocks of Li to the generally more effective smaller particles. An apparatus is illustrated for filtration of organolithium solutions Advantages of the use of I as a solvent in this type of reaction are listed. The following generalizations are drawn from this work: Metalation of aryl ethers involves H or hydrogens on C ortho to the ether linkage. All types of aryl bromides and iodides undergo the halogen-metal interconversion reaction. Iodides react more readily than the bromides, and chlorides and fluorides are essentially not affected. There are 2 chief competitive reactions: halogen-metal interconversions (RX + R’Li → RLi + R’X) and couplings (RX + R’Li → RLi + R’X → RR’ + LiX). The coupling reaction is not only the slower reaction but often also follows the interconversion reaction. As the reaction time is extended, the coupling reaction predominates and eventuates in the essential disappearance of RLi compound In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Product Details of 3438-16-2).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Product Details of 3438-16-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Intermolecular Reductive Heck Reaction of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes with Organohalides was written by Zheng, Kewang;Xiao, Guanlin;Guo, Tao;Ding, Yalan;Wang, Chengdong;Loh, Teck-Peng;Wu, Xiaojin. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene This article mentions the following:

A general intermol. reductive Heck reaction of organohalides with both terminal and internal unactivated aliphatic alkenes has been first realized in high yield with complete anti-Markovnikov selectivity. The challenging vinyl bromides, aryl chlorides, and polysubstituted internal alkenes were first applied. More than 100 remote carbofunctionalized alkyl carboxylic acid derivatives were rapidly synthesized from easily accessible starting materials. The synthesis of drug mols. has further demonstrated the wide synthetic utility of this scalable strategy. Preliminary mechanistic studies are consistent with the proposed catalytic cycle. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene (cas: 206559-40-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene).

5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene (cas: 206559-40-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Application In Synthesis of 5-Bromo-2-chloro-m-xylene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics