Month: February 2023

Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of nitazoxanide-based analogs: Identification of selective and broad spectrum activity was written by Ballard, T. Eric;Wang, Xia;Olekhnovich, Igor;Koerner, Taylor;Seymour, Craig;Salamoun, Joseph;Warthan, Michelle;Hoffman, Paul S.;MacDonald, Timothy L.. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2011.Name: 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride This article mentions the following:

A library composed of nitazoxanide-based analogs was synthesized and assayed for increased antibacterial efficacy against the pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) using microorganisms Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni and Clostridium difficile. Derivatives were found to recapitulate and improve activity against these organism,s and select analogs were tested for their ability to disrupt the PFOR enzyme directly. The library was also screened for activity against staphylococci and resulted in the identification of analogs capable of inhibiting both staphylococci and all PFOR organisms at low micromolar min. inhibitory concentrations with low toxicity to human foreskin cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1Name: 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Name: 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structure-activity evaluation of new uracil-based non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase was written by Matyugina, Elena S.;Valuev-Elliston, Vladimir T.;Geisman, Alexander N.;Novikov, Mikhail S.;Chizhov, Alexander O.;Kochetkov, Sergey N.;Seley-Radtke, Katherine L.;Khandazhinskaya, Anastasia L.. And the article was included in MedChemComm in 2013.Reference of 1711-11-1 This article mentions the following:

A new series of potential nonnucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (NNRTIs) based on the carbocyclic 5′-nor-uracil scaffold were designed and synthesized. Three different aspects of the scaffold were investigated: the effects of adding a linker between the carbocyclic and Ph fragments, introduction of different substituents on the benzoyl residue and replacing the central carbocyclic ring with a benzyl group. Analogs of 2′,3′-dideoxy-2′,3′-didehydro-5′-nor-uridine, bearing 3,5-dichloro- or 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl groups, showed inhibitory activity against HIV-RT wild-type (IC₅₀ 5-10 渭M) and mutants L100I (IC₅₀ 1.2-2.1 渭M) and K103N (IC₅₀ 8-17 渭M). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1Reference of 1711-11-1).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Reference of 1711-11-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Molecular shape descriptors. 3. Steric mapping of biological receptor was written by Motoc, I.;Marshall, G. R.;Labanowski, J.. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil A: Physik, Physikalische Chemie, Kosmophysik in 1985.HPLC of Formula: 34662-36-7 This article mentions the following:

An improved version of the SIBIS algorithm is presented and illustrated. SIBIS is a self-consistent type algorithm which is well suited to delineate the main steric features of the biol. receptor, identify missing relevant atoms and(or) the presence of superfluous atoms in the mols. studied, and to provide an approx. estimate for the receptor bulk tolerance. SIBIS calculations for a set of substituted benzoates in the anti-p-(p‘-azophenylazo)benzoate antibody system yield an excellent QSAR which is further supported by the information correlation coefficients, R (R‘s express quant. the pairwise degree of the mol. shape relatedness); the optimal receptor steric map is in agreement with exptl. evidences. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 34662-36-7HPLC of Formula: 34662-36-7).

3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 34662-36-7) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).HPLC of Formula: 34662-36-7

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and insecticidal evaluation of propesticides of benzoylphenylureas was written by Chen, Li;Wang, Qingmin;Huang, Runqiu;Mao, Chunhui;Shang, Jian;Bi, Fuchun. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2005.Reference of 18437-66-6 This article mentions the following:

Two series of benzoylphenylurea derivatives were synthesized as candidate propesticides by a nucleophilic addition reaction between 2,6-difluronbenzoyl isocyanate and N-substituted anilines. The new compounds were identified by ¹H NMR spectroscopy, electron ionization-mass spectrometry, and elemental analyses. The bioactivities of the new compounds were evaluated. All of the propesticides were soluble in most organic solvents, and their hydrophobicities were improved. The result of the bioactivities of the new compounds against Oriental armyworm showed that some of the new compounds are active as compared to diflubenzuron and penfluron. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6Reference of 18437-66-6).

tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Reference of 18437-66-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Evolution of the Thienopyridine Class of Inhibitors of I魏B Kinase-尾: Part I: Hit-to-Lead Strategies was written by Morwick, Tina;Berry, Angela;Brickwood, Janice;Cardozo, Mario;Catron, Katrina;DeTuri, Molly;Emeigh, Jonathan;Homon, Carol;Hrapchak, Matt;Jacober, Stephen;Jakes, Scott;Kaplita, Paul;Kelly, Terence A.;Ksiazek, John;Liuzzi, Michel;Magolda, Ronald;Mao, Can;Marshall, Daniel;McNeil, Daniel;Prokopowicz, Anthony III;Sarko, Christopher;Scouten, Erika;Sledziona, Cynthia;Sun, Sanxing;Watrous, Jane;Wu, Jiang Ping;Cywin, Charles L.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2006.Synthetic Route of C10H9ClN2O2 This article mentions the following:

High-throughput screening is routinely employed as a method for the identification of novel hit structures. Large numbers of active compounds are typically procured in this way and must undergo a rigorous validation process. This process is described in detail for a collection of screening hits identified as inhibitors of I魏B kinase-尾 (IKK尾), a key regulatory enzyme in the nuclear factor-魏B (NF-魏B) pathway. From these studies, a promising hit series was selected. Subsequent lead generation activities included the development of a pharmacophore hypothesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the hit series. This led to the exploration of related scaffolds offering addnl. opportunities, and the various structural classes were comparatively evaluated for enzyme inhibition, selectivity, and drug-like properties. A novel lead series of thienopyridines was thereby established, and this series advanced into lead optimization for further development. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl-2-chloro-3-cyano-6-methylisonicotinate (cas: 40108-12-1Synthetic Route of C10H9ClN2O2).

Ethyl-2-chloro-3-cyano-6-methylisonicotinate (cas: 40108-12-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Synthetic Route of C10H9ClN2O2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preparation of 2,6-difluoro-n-alkylbenzenes from 1,3-difluorobenzene. Transformation of 2,6-difluorotoluene to the corresponding benzaldehyde via benzyl chloride was written by Malykhin, Evghenii V.;Shteingarts, Vitalii D.. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorine Chemistry in 1998.SDS of cas: 697-73-4 This article mentions the following:

Reactions of n-alkyl chlorides with the 2,6-difluorophenyl anion, prepared from 1,3-difluorobenzene by the action of sodium amide in liquid ammonia, give 2,6-difluoro-n-alkylbenzenes in high yields. 2,6-Difluorotoluene reacts with chlorine at 80掳 to give 2,6-difluorobenzyl chloride in 92% yield. 2,6-Difluorobenzaldehyde has been obtained from this chloride through Sommelet’s reaction in 62% yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4SDS of cas: 697-73-4).

2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.SDS of cas: 697-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An amidase and a novel phenol hydroxylase catalyze the degradation of the antibacterial agent triclocarban by Rhodococcus rhodochrous was written by Li, Chunyan;Sun, Yueling;Sun, Guanjun;Zang, Hailian;Sun, Shanshan;Zhao, Xinyue;Hou, Ning;Li, Dapeng. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2022.Product Details of 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Triclocarban (TCC) is an emerging and intractable environmental contaminant due to its hydrophobicity and chem. stability. However, the antibacterial property of TCC limits its biodegradation, and only the functional enzyme TccA involved in TCC degradation has been characterized to date. In this study, we report a highly efficient TCC-degrading bacterium, Rhodococcus rhodochrous BX2, that could degrade and mineralize TCC (10 mg/L) by 76.8% and 56.5%, resp., within 5 days. Subsequently, the TCC biodegradation pathway was predicted based on the detection of metabolites using modern mass spectrometry techniques. Furthermore, an amidase (TccS) and a novel phenol hydroxylase (PH_IND) encoded by the tccS and PH_IND genes, resp., were identified by genomic and transcriptomic analyses of strain BX2, and these enzymes were further unequivocally proven to be the key enzymes responsible for the metabolism of TCC and its intermediate 4-chloroaniline (4-CA) by using a combination of heterologous expression and gene knockout. Our results shed new light on the mechanism of TCC biodegradation and better utilization of microbes to remediate TCC contamination. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Product Details of 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Product Details of 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and Evaluation of 5-(o-Tolyl)-1H-tetrazole Derivatives as Potent Anticonvulsant Agents was written by Dong, Shiyang;Wang, Tiantian;Wang, Huayu;Qian, Kun;Zhang, Zhongli;Zuo, Yueming;Luo, Guangming;Jin, Yi;Wang, Zengtao. And the article was included in Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim, Germany) in 2017.Quality Control of 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene This article mentions the following:

A series of 5-(o-tolyl)-1H-tetrazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activities. 1-(2-Methylbenzyl)-5-(o-tolyl)-1H-tetrazole (3h) showed important anticonvulsant activity against the MES-induced seizures, as well as lower neurotoxicity with an ED₅₀ value of 12.7 mg/kg and a TD₅₀ value of over 500 mg/kg after i.p. injection into mice, providing 3h with a high protective index (TD₅₀/ED₅₀) of over 39.4. The achieved results prove that the distinctive compounds could be valuable as a model for future development, adaptation, and investigation to construct more active analogs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4Quality Control of 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene).

2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Quality Control of 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Manganese-Catalyzed Oxime-Directed ortho-C-H Amidation in Ionic Liquids was written by Kong, Xianqiang;Xu, Bo. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2019.Application of 777-44-6 This article mentions the following:

An efficient amidation of aromatic oximes RR¹C=NOMe (R = H, Me, Bu; R¹ = Ph, 2-naphthyl, 3-bromophenyl, etc.; RR¹ = tetrahydronaphth-8-yl, 6-methoxytetrahydronaphth-8-yl) via C-H bond activation using readily available sulfonyl azides R²SO₂N₃ (R² = iso-Pr, cyclopropyl, 4-methylphenyl, 2-thiophenyl, 5-dimethylaminonaphth-1-yl, etc.) as amidation reagents has been developed. This reaction is catalyzed by a base metal catalyst system – MnBr(CO)₅/[Hmim]OTf. This method offers excellent chem. yields and regioselectivity with good functional group tolerance. The reusability of MnBr(CO)₅/[Hmim]OTf system makes it relatively practical for large scale C-H amidations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Application of 777-44-6).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Application of 777-44-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and facile dearomatization of highly electrophilic nitroisoxazolo[4,3-b]pyridines was written by Bastrakov, Maxim A.;Fedorenko, Alexey K.;Starosotnikov, Alexey M.;Fedyanin, Ivan V.;Kokorekin, Vladimir A.. And the article was included in Molecules in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 59237-53-5 This article mentions the following:

A number of novel 6-R-isoxazolo[4,3-b]pyridines were synthesized and their reactions with neutral C-nucleophiles (1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, 蟺-excessive (het)arenes, dienes) were studied. The reaction rate was found to be dependent on the nature of the substituent 6-R. The most reactive 6-nitroisoxazolo[4,3-b]pyridines were able to add C-nucleophiles in the absence of a base under mild conditions. In addition, these compounds readily undergo [4+2]-cycloaddition reactions on aromatic bonds C=C(NO₂) of the pyridine ring, thus indicating the superelectrophilic nature of 6-NO₂-isoxazolo[4,3-b]pyridines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 6-chloro-5-nitronicotinate (cas: 59237-53-5HPLC of Formula: 59237-53-5).

Methyl 6-chloro-5-nitronicotinate (cas: 59237-53-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.HPLC of Formula: 59237-53-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics