Month: January 2023

Multifunctional donepezil analogues as cholinesterase and BACE1 inhibitors was written by Green, Keith D.;Fosso, Marina Y.;Garneau-Tsodikova, Sylvie. And the article was included in Molecules in 2018.Recommanded Product: 697-73-4 This article mentions the following:

A series of 22 donepezil analogs were synthesized through alkylation/benzylation and compared to donepezil and its 6-O-desmethyl adduct. All the compounds were found to be potent inhibitors of both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), two enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in Alzheimer’s disease patient brains. Many of them displayed lower inhibitory concentrations of EeAChE (IC₅₀ = 0.016 ± 0.001 μM to 0.23 ± 0.03 μM) and EfBChE (IC₅₀ = 0.11 ± 0.01 μM to 1.3 ± 0.2 μM) than donepezil. One of the better compounds was tested against HsAChE and was found to be even more active than donepezil and inhibited HsAChE better than EeAChE. The analogs with the aromatic substituents were generally more potent than the ones with aliphatic substituents. Five of the analogs also inhibited the action of β-secretase (BACE1) enzyme. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4Recommanded Product: 697-73-4).

2-(Chloromethyl)-1,3-difluorobenzene (cas: 697-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Recommanded Product: 697-73-4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovery of Novel Substituted N-(4-Amino-2-chlorophenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide Analogues as Potent Human Adenovirus Inhibitors was written by Xu, Jimin;Berastegui-Cabrera, Judith;Ye, Na;Carretero-Ledesma, Marta;Pachon-Diaz, Jeronimo;Chen, Haiying;Pachon-Ibanez, Maria Eugenia;Sanchez-Cespedes, Javier;Zhou, Jia. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid This article mentions the following:

An effective therapy for human adenovirus (HAdV) infections in immunocompromised patients and healthy individuals with community-acquired pneumonia remains an unmet medical need. Herein the synthesis and evaluation of a series of novel substituted N-(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide analogs, e.g., I (R¹ = H, R² = H, MeCO, Et, cyclopentyl, PhCH₂, 4-pyridylmethyl, etc.; R¹ = R² = Me, Et, N-Pr, cyclopropylmethyl; etc.), as potent HAdV inhibitors are reported. Compounds I (R¹ = H; R² = cyclopentyl, 1-methylcyclopentyl, 4-HOC₆H₄CH₂, 2-hydroxy-5-pyridylmethyl, HOCH₂CH₂CMe₂, HOCH₂CH₂CHMe, N-Boc-piperidin-4-ylmethyl) and I (R¹ = PhCH₂CMe₂O; R² = PhCH₂CMe₂) exhibited increased selectivity indexes (SI > 100) compared to the lead compound niclosamide, while maintaining sub-micromolar to low micromolar potency against HAdV. The preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that compounds I (R¹ = H; R² = cyclopentyl) and I (R¹ = PhCH₂CMe₂O; R² = PhCH₂CMe₂) possibly target the HAdV DNA replication process, while compounds I (R¹ = H; R² = HOCH₂CH₂CHMe, HOCH₂CH₂CMe₂) suppress later steps of HAdV life cycle. Notably, among these derivatives, compound I (R¹ = H; R² = 1-methylcyclopentyl) showed improved anti-HAdV activity (IC₅₀ = 0.27μM), significantly decreased cytotoxicity (CC₅₀ = 156.8μM), and low in vivo toxicity (maximum tolerated dose = 150 mg/kg in hamster) as compared with niclosamide, supporting its further in vivo efficacy studies for the treatment of HAdV infections. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Biological control of Fusarium tomato-wilt disease by cyanobacteria Nostoc spp. was written by El-Sheekh, Mostafa M.;Deyab, Mohamed A.;Hasan, Reham S. A.;Abu Ahmed, Seham E.;Elsadany, Abdelgawad Y.. And the article was included in Archives of Microbiology in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 3386-33-2 This article mentions the following:

This study investigated the effect of foliar application of extract and culture of Nostoc calcicola and Nostoc linckia on the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.lycopersici (FOL) that infects tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) plant in vitro and in vivo. Cyanobacterial isolates were isolated from saline soils at El-Hamoul and Seidy Salem locations Kafr Elsheikh, Egypt, and identified to be N. calcicola and N. linckia Bioactive compounds of extract were analyzed by Gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dry weight, carotene, chlorophyll content, and total phenolic compounds of isolates were measured. Plant height, dry weight, fruit number, and fruit weight of tomatoes were estimated GC/MS anal. showed 49 and 35 bioactive compounds in extracts of N. calcicola and N. linckia, resp. N. calcicola possesses the highest values of chlorophyll a, carotenoid, and total phenol contents in dry weight compared with N. linckia. After 100 days of tomato growth, the results showed the highest yield of tomato fruits with the application of N. calcicola and N. linckia compared with the untreated plants and the plants which were infected with Fusarium, suggesting that N. calcicola and N. linckia can serve as a new bioagent for biol. control of the soil fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2HPLC of Formula: 3386-33-2).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.HPLC of Formula: 3386-33-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Silver-promoted (radio)fluorination of unsaturated carbamates via a radical process was written by Yang, Bin;Chansaenpak, Kantapat;Wu, Hongmiao;Zhu, Lin;Wang, Mengzhe;Li, Zibo;Lu, Hongjian. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2017.Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

The intramol. fluorocyclization of unsaturated carbamates is described here using a hypervalent iodine reagent in the presence of a silver catalyst. Both (hetero)aryl-substituted olefins and acrylamides can be utilized as effective substrates. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest that the reaction proceeds via a cyclization/1,2-(hetero)aryl migration/fluorination cascade involving an unusual radical process. Furthermore, starting from no-carrier-added [¹⁸F]TBAF, a simple one-pot, two-step cascade method was developed for the generation of ¹⁸F-labeled heterocycles with high radiochem. purity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Iridium-catalyzed enantioselective intramolecular hydroarylation of allylic aryl ethers devoid of a directing group on the aryl group was written by Ohmura, Toshimichi;Kusaka, Satoshi;Suginome, Michinori. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2021.Name: Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer This article mentions the following:

Iridium/(S)-DTBM-SEGPHOS-catalyzed intramol. hydroarylation of allylic aryl ethers RC₆H₄OCH₂C (=CH₂)(R¹) (R = H, 2-Me, 3-OMe, 4-F, etc.; R¹ = H, Me, OTBS) was described. The reaction eliminates the structural requirement from the aryl group, affording 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans I (R² = H, 7-Me, 6-OMe, 5-F, etc.) bearing a stereogenic carbon center at the C3 position with up to 99% enantiomeric excess. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer (cas: 39722-81-1Name: Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer).

Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer (cas: 39722-81-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Name: Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Exploring phytochemical composition, photocatalytic, antibacterial, and antifungal efficacies of Au NPs supported by Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil was written by Pathania, Diksha;Sharma, Mamta;Thakur, Pankaj;Chaudhary, Vishal;Kaushik, Ajeet;Furukawa, Hidemitsu;Khosla, Ajit. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Electric Literature of C16H18ClN3S This article mentions the following:

Biofabrication of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the aromatic essential oils is highlighted due to its simple, economical, low toxicity, and eco-friendly nature. Essential oil of Cymbopogon flexuosus (CF), an economically valuable medicinal plant, exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. For the first time, this research accounts for the biosynthesis, physicochem., photocatalytic, antifungal, antibacterial properties of biogenic AuNPs, fabricated using CF essential oil collected from different altitudes (S1-Palampur, S2-Haryana, S3-Dehradun). The altitudinal disparity in the phytochem. composition of essential oils is highlighted. The average crystallite size ranged from 10 to 32 nm and was influenced by CF samples used in the synthesis. The spectroscopic outcomes revealed the involvement of bioactive reagents from CF essential oil in the fabrication and stabilization of AuNPs. The fabricated AuNPs exhibited excellent antimicrobial activities against all tested strains (Staphyloccucs aureus, Escherichia coli, Fusarium oxysporum), showing their efficacy as an antimicrobial agent to treat infectious diseases. Moreover, AuNPs exhibited excellent photocatalytic efficacy of around 91.8% for the degradation of methylene blue under exposure of direct sunlight for 3 h without the assistance of an external reducing agent. The outcomes highlight a potential economic and environmentally friendly strategy to fabricate biogenic AuNPs for diversified industrial applications where antimicrobial and photocatalytic efficacies are the key requirements. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Electric Literature of C16H18ClN3S).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Electric Literature of C16H18ClN3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water, sediment and freshwater mollusks of the Dongting Lake downstream the Three Gorges Dam was written by Xu, Xuming;Xu, Yaru;Xu, Nan;Pan, Baozhu;Ni, Jinren. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a group of emerging anthropogenic pollutants. Here we investigated the occurrence and concentrations of 35 typical PPCPs in water, sediment, and freshwater mollusks (Hyriopsis cumingii, Unio douglasiae, Sinanodonta woodiana, Lamprotula leai and Corbicula fluminea) of the Dongting Lake downstream of the Three Gorges Dam. As results, 33 PPCPs were detected in water and sediment of the lake. Ketoprofen (not detected (ND)-292.8 ng/L, mean 91.1 ng/L) and roxithromycin (13.7-141.9 ng/L, mean 30.4 ng/L) were the primary PPCPs measured in lake water, while ibuprofen (ND-105.0 ng/g, mean 30.0 ng/g) and ketoprofen (ND-142.9 ng/g, mean 27.6 ng/g) were dominant in the sediment. Distinct seasonal difference in PPCP compositions was observed in both water and sediment of the Dongting Lake, potentially associated with the water-level fluctuations driven by the Three Gorges Dam operations. Ketoprofen and ibuprofen were also frequently detected in the soft tissues of freshwater mollusks, with concentrations of 42.5-1206.6 and 44.9-992.7 ng/g, resp. Significant species-specific accumulation characteristics of PPCPs in mollusks were observed, with the highest total contents being reported for Corbicula fluminea (3.18 ± 1.13μg/g). Moreover, gonads of mollusks were identified as the target organ to accumulate these compounds Correlation anal. further revealed the strong associations of PPCP concentrations in mollusks with those in water and sediment, suggesting the importance of controlling dissolved and sedimentary bioavailability of PPCPs for ecol. risk management in this freshwater lake ecosystems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2HPLC of Formula: 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.HPLC of Formula: 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Co-assembly of soluble metal-organic polyhedrons for high-flux thin-film nanocomposite membranes was written by Xu, Shanshan;Li, Sen;Guo, Xiangyu;Huang, Hongliang;Qiao, Zhihua;Zhong, Chongli. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2022.Application of 4422-95-1 This article mentions the following:

Well-developed pore channels and large effective permeation area are sorely needed in developing highly permeable synthetic membranes for the reduction of energy consumption in separation processes. Herein, water stable, soluble and reactive amino-functionalized metal-organic polyhedron (MOP) ZrT-1-NH2 with intrinsic porosity is co-assembled with lysine (Lys) into a new kind of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes through in situ interfacial polymerization (IP) with trimesoyl chloride (TMC). Striped structure on the membrane surface is induced by the participation of the amino-MOP in polymerization, which greatly enhances the effective permeation area of the separation layer compared with the membranes feature smooth surface. Meanwhile, the suitable pore aperture of the introduced ZrT-1-NH2 can also benefit the diffusion of water mols. and block the transport of mols. with bulkier mol. volumes The results showed that the formed membrane exhibits significantly improved water permeance (27.3 L m-2 h-1 bar-1, 480% increase) compared with that of the pristine Lys/TMC membrane (4.7 L m-2 h-1 bar-1). The compositing of ZrT-1-NH2 also leads to an increase in the rejection selectivity of dye and salt, rejection selectivity of dye/salt mixture, as well as in antifouling and antibacterial properties, making the ZrT-1-NH2-Lys/TMC composite membrane a potential choice for dye/salt separation Moreover, this work demonstrates the bright prospects of applying soluble and reactive porous cages in the development of high-loading defect-less TFN membranes for efficient mol. separations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Application of 4422-95-1).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application of 4422-95-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and evaluation of halogenated 12N-sulfonyl matrinic butanes as potential anti-coxsackievirus agents was written by Cheng, Xin-Yue;Li, Yu-Huan;Tang, Sheng;Zhang, Xin;Wang, Yan-Xiang;Wang, Sheng-Gang;Jiang, Jian-Dong;Li, Ying-Hong;Song, Dan-Qing. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2017.Safety of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride This article mentions the following:

Twenty-eight new 12N-benzenesulfonyl matrinic butane and halogenated 12N-sulfonyl matrinic butane/ethane derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-coxsackievirus activities against CVB3. SAR anal. indicated the introduction of a fluoro atom on the 1′-position might be helpful for keeping potency. Among them, compound I exhibited potential activities against all CVBs with IC₅₀ ranging from 0.69 to 5.14 μM, suggesting a broad-spectrum anti-coxsackievirus B feature. In addition, it also displayed an excellent PK and a good safety profile, indicating a highly druggable nature. Thus, we consider compound I to be a promising drug candidate in the treatment of not only viral myocarditis caused by CVB3 but also various diseases infected with coxsackieviruses B. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Safety of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Safety of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Using choline nitrate as solvent and oxidant in direct oxidation of organic halides and alcohols to aldehyde and its derivatives was written by Jafari, Mohammadreza;Heydari, Akbar. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.Product Details of 620-19-9 This article mentions the following:

Choline nitrate was prepared by the anion exchange of choline chloride and sodium nitrate. Also, choline chloride gave a low m.p. mixture in the presence of aluminum nitrate. The use of choline nitrate as a safe and environmentally friendly solvent and reagent provided an efficient procedure, simple and mild for oxidizing alcs. and organic halides to aldehydes and ketones R-R¹ [R = Ph, 3-MeC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = CHO, C(O)Me]. Aldehydes using choline nitrate and trimethylsilyl chloride mixture as a selective oxidant and without using catalysts were synthesized from alcs. and the relevant halides. Benzyl chloride in the presence of choline nitrate and trimethylsilyl chloride at 70°C produced the corresponding aldehyde product with 87% efficiency, while benzyl alc. at 50°C with 90% efficiency performed this conversion. The prepared aldehyde was easily separated from the reaction medium by vacuum distillation or extraction by organic solvent without the need for further purification In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Product Details of 620-19-9).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Product Details of 620-19-9

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics