Month: January 2023

Triclocarban evoked neutrophil extracellular trap formation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by modulating SIRT3-mediated ROS crosstalk with ERK1/2/p38 signaling was written by Li, Siwen;Wang, Yanling;Yu, Dongke;Zhang, Yuan;Wang, Xiali;Shi, Mei;Xiao, Yanxin;Li, Xinlian;Xiao, Hongtao;Chen, Lu;Xiong, Xuan. And the article was included in Fish & Shellfish Immunology in 2022.COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O This article mentions the following:

Triclocarban (TCC), an antimicrobial ingredient in personal care products, is associated with immunosuppression and physiol. dysfunctions of aquatic organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TCC can induce common carp NETosis (neutrophil death by neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release) and then to attempt to identify the potential mol. mechanisms. Herein, SEM and flow cytometric assays showed that revealed that TCC triggers DNA-containing web-like structures and increases extracellular DNA content. In the proteomic anal., we observed that NET-related proteins, extracellular regulated protein kinase (Mapk1, Mapk14, Jak2) and apoptotic protein (caspase3) were significantly increased, and defender against cell death 1 (Dad1) was significantly decreased after TCC treatments. Meanwhile, we confirmed that TCC stress can trigger NETosis in common carp by activating the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/ERK1/2/p38 signaling. We think that the upregulated NDUFS1 expression is closely related to oxidative stress induced by TCC. Importantly, we discovered that SIRT3 expression was significantly decreased in the process of TCC-induced NETs. Importantly, pretreatment with the SIRT3 agonist honokiol (HKL) effectively suppressed TCC-induced NET release. In contrast, the SIRT3 antagonist 3-TYP escalated TCC-induced NET formation. Mechanistically, SIRT3 degradation serves as a potential mediator for regulating oxidative stress crosstalk between ERK1/2/p38 signals in the process of TCC-induced NET formation. These findings unveil new insights into the TCC-evoked health risk of fish and other aquatic organisms and suggest that SIRT3 is a potential pharmacol. intervention target to alleviate TCC-induced common carp NETosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.COA of Formula: C13H9Cl3N2O

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Facile fabrication of hypercrosslinked microporous polymer nanospheres for effective inhibition of triple negative breast cancer cells proliferation was written by Razzaque, Shumaila;Guo, Lijuan;Weng, Jun;Su, Li;Tan, Bien. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2022.Safety of Trimesoylchloride This article mentions the following:

Treatment failure is one of the main lethal causes of human triple neg. breast cancer (TNBC) patients due to inefficient drug administration. The present study demonstrated the development of functional microporous organic polymers (MOPs) as a potential drug carrier and its controlled release. Due to the existence of abundant pores and high surface area, MOPs have promoted the high drug payloads, facilitating prolonged retention time and improved drug release. Herein, porous organic polymer has been fabricated via knitting strategy using the carbonyl bridged external crosslinker. Utilizing the imine chem., post-functionalization at the bridging carbon with the diamine resulted in the functional porous framework which had been further modified with single stranded DNA (ssDNA). Due to the conjugated structure, the designed material incorporates the strong blue fluorescence that assists in bio-imaging. In short, the inherent features of hypercrosslinked microporous polymers nanospheres (HMPNs) enabled the high encapsulation of Epirubicin (EPI) and its controlled release in TNBC cell lines (SUM-159 and MDA-MB-231) to inhibit cancer cells proliferation. We anticipate that the further development in functionalization of hypercrosslinked polymers may lead to a breakthrough in biomedical applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Safety of Trimesoylchloride).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Safety of Trimesoylchloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Direct Deoxyfluorination of Alcohols with KF as Fluorine Source was written by Xu, Jun;Peng, Chao;Yao, Bolin;Xu, Hua-Jian;Xie, Qiang. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Reference of 76-83-5 This article mentions the following:

This report described a method for the deoxyfluorination of alcs. with KF as fluorine source via in situ generation of highly active CF₃SO₂F. Diverse functionalities including halogen, nitro, ketone, ester, alkene and alkyne are well tolerated. Mild condition, short reaction time and wide substrate scope enable this method an excellent choice for the construction of C-F bonds. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Reference of 76-83-5).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Reference of 76-83-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Visible-light photoredox-catalyzed carboxylation of benzyl halides with CO₂: Mild and transition-metal-free was written by Jing, Ke;Wei, Ming-Kai;Yan, Si-Shun;Liao, Li-Li;Niu, Ya-Nan;Luo, Shu-Ping;Yu, Bo;Yu, Da-Gang. And the article was included in Chinese Journal of Catalysis in 2022.Related Products of 620-19-9 This article mentions the following:

The visible-light photoredox-catalyzed carboxylation of benzyl chlorides and bromides with CO₂ has been reported. With inexpensive organic dyes as photocatalysts and amines as electron donors, this carboxylation proceeds well in the absence of sensitive organometallic reagents, transition metal catalysts, or metallic reductants. A wide range of com. available and inexpensive benzyl halides undergo such carboxylation to give valuable aryl acetic acids, including several pharmaceutical mols. and drug precursors, in moderate to high yields. Moreover, this reaction features mild reaction conditions (one atm. pressure of CO₂ and room temperature), broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, easy scalability, and low catalyst loading, thus providing an efficient approach for the assembly of aryl acetic acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Related Products of 620-19-9).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Related Products of 620-19-9

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and evaluation of N-(benzofuran-5-yl)aromaticsulfonamide derivatives as novel HIF-1 inhibitors that possess anti-angiogenic potential was written by Wei, Jinlian;Yang, Yingrui;Li, Yali;Mo, Xiaofei;Guo, Xiaoke;Zhang, Xiaojin;Xu, Xiaoli;Jiang, Zhengyu;You, Qidong. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride This article mentions the following:

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) as a key mediator in tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and poor patient prognosis has been recognized as an important cancer drug target. A novel series of N-(benzofuran-5-yl)aromaticsulfonamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as HIF-1 inhibitor. Among these compounds, 7q exhibited specific inhibitory effects on HIF-1 by downregulating the expression of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. It inhibited the HIF-1 transcriptional activity (IC₅₀ = 12.5 ± 0.7 μM) and secretion of VEGF (IC₅₀ = 18.8 μM) in MCF-7 cells. Meanwhile, it also significantly suppressed hypoxia-induced migration of HUVEC cells in nontoxic concentrations Addnl., tube formation assay demonstrated its anti-angiogenesis activity. Finally, the in vivo study indicated that compound 7q could retard angiogenesis in CAM model. These findings supported the HIF-1 inhibitory effect and anti-angiogenic potential of this class of compounds as HIF-1 inhibitor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Application In Synthesis of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Application In Synthesis of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Bi(OTf)₃-Promoted Hydrosulfonylation of Alkenes with Sulfonyl Hydrazides: An Approach to Branched Sulfones was written by Zhou, Zheng;Liu, Qianqian;Huang, Zhibin;Zhao, Yingsheng. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The Bi(OTf)₃-promoted hydrosulfonylation of alkenes with sulfonyl hydrazides to produce branched sulfones was reported, in which various branched sulfones (â‰?0 examples) were prepared in moderate to good yields. The gram-scale reaction and synthesis of the exptl. inhibitor precursor showed the potential application. A preliminary mechanistic study revealed that double-bond migration to form the α,β-conjugated alkene is crucial for this transformation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ortho effect. IV. Kinetics of the formation of ortho substituted phenyltrimethylammonium iodides in methyl alcoholic solution was written by Evans, David P.;Watson, H. B.;Williams, Reginald. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1939.Product Details of 698-01-1 This article mentions the following:

The velocities of reaction of MeI with o-F, o-PhO, o-MeO, o-NO₂, o-Cl, o-Me and o-Ph derivatives of Me₂NPh have been measured and the results analyzed on the basis of the equation k = PZe^-E/RT. Six of the 7 groups studied caused an increase in both E and PZ, but an o-F leads to no change in PZ. The largest effects are observed with o-Me and o-Ph and it is suggested that, in the transition complex, the group becomes “linked” to the N of NMe₂ by a H bond. Effects of smaller magnitudes are found in the o-PhO, o-MeO, o-NO₂ and o-Cl derivatives and these are regarded as due to an interaction between the unshared electrons of the N and the group in the ortho position whereby, without the formation of an actual “linkage,” the former are subjected to a constraint. The interactions here postulated would raise E by decreasing the electron-reactive portion of the complex. The interaction is not possible in o-FC₆H₄NMe₂, since F cannot expand its valence groups; the lack of any ortho effect in the o-F compounds is, in fact, the key to the interpretation of the observations, as it was in previous work on the hydrolysis of benzoic esters (C. A. 31, 7862.1). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1Product Details of 698-01-1).

2-Chloro-N,N-dimethylaniline (cas: 698-01-1) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Product Details of 698-01-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Trifluoromethoxy Substituted Anilines: Metalation as the Key Step for Structural Elaboration was written by Leroux, Frederic;Castagnetti, Eva;Schlosser, Manfred. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2003.HPLC of Formula: 18437-66-6 This article mentions the following:

Trifluoromethoxy-substituted anilines undergo hydrogen/lithium permutation (“metalation”) with optional site selectivity depending on the N-protective group employed. N-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-2- and -4-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline react with tert-BuLi at the nitrogen-adjacent 6- and 2-position affording, after electrophilic trapping, the corresponding substituted anilines I (R¹ = F₃CO, R² = H, R³ = HO₂C; R¹ = H, R² = F₃CO, R³ = Me, CHO, HO₂C, HOCH₂CH₂). In contrast, deprotonation of the N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)-substituted 4-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline occurs at the oxygen-neighboring 3-position. Sec-BuLi attacks 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-(trimethylsilyl)aniline at the 2-position, but 3-trifluoromethoxy-N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)aniline at the 4-position to provide the corresponding acids II (R⁴ = HO₂C, R⁵ = H; R⁴ = H, R⁵ = HO₂C), resp., after carboxylation. The synthesis of two new benzodiazepines III (R⁶ = F₃CO, R⁷ = H, R⁸ = F; R⁶ = Cl, R⁷ = HO, R⁸ = F₃CO) illustrates the preparative potential of the aniline functionalization mediated by organometallic reagents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6HPLC of Formula: 18437-66-6).

tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.HPLC of Formula: 18437-66-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and In Vivo Evaluation of Novel Tetrahydropyran-Based Thiodisaccharide Mimics as Galectin-3 Inhibitors was written by Xu, Li;Hartz, Richard A.;Beno, Brett R.;Ghosh, Kaushik;Shukla, Jinal K.;Kumar, Amit;Patel, Dipal;Kalidindi, Narasimharaju;Lemos, Nadine;Gautam, Shashyendra Singh;Kumar, Anoop;Ellsworth, Bruce A.;Shah, Devang;Sale, Harinath;Cheng, Dong;Regueiro-Ren, Alicia. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Recommanded Product: 76-83-5 This article mentions the following:

Galectin-3 is a member of a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins. A substantial body of literature reports that galectin-3 plays important roles in cancer, inflammation, and fibrosis. Small-mol. galectin-3 inhibitors, which are generally lactose or galactose-based derivatives, have the potential to be valuable disease-modifying agents. In our efforts to identify novel galectin-3 disaccharide mimics to improve drug-like properties, we found that one of the monosaccharide subunits can be replaced with a suitably functionalized tetrahydropyran ring. Optimization of the structure-activity relationships around the tetrahydropyran-based scaffold led to the discovery of potent galectin-3 inhibitors. Three compounds (identified within) were selected for further in vivo evaluation. The synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and in vivo evaluation of novel tetrahydropyran-based galectin-3 inhibitors are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Recommanded Product: 76-83-5).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Recommanded Product: 76-83-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and molecular docking studies of new thiazole derivatives was written by Khan, Khalid Mohammed;Qurban, Saira;Salar, Uzma;Taha, Muhammad;Hussain, Shafqat;Perveen, Shahnaz;Hameed, Abdul;Ismail, Nor Hadiani;Riaz, Muhammad;Wadood, Abdul. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2016.COA of Formula: C7H3Cl2NS This article mentions the following:

Current study based on the synthesis of new thiazole derivatives via “one pot” multicomponent reaction, evaluation of their in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, and in silico studies. All synthetic compounds were fully characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and EIMS. CHN anal. was also performed. These newly synthesized compounds showed activities in the range of IC₅₀ = 9.06±0.10-82.50±1.70 μM as compared to standard acarbose (IC₅₀ = 38.25±0.12 μM). It is worth mentioning that most of the compounds exhibited potent inhibitory potential. Mol. docking study was performed in order to understand the mol. interactions between the mol. and enzyme. Newly identified α-glucosidase inhibitors except few were found to be completely nontoxic. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1COA of Formula: C7H3Cl2NS).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.COA of Formula: C7H3Cl2NS

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics