Month: January 2023

Copper-Oxone Promoted Oxidative C-H Functionalization: Synthesis of 2-Aminobenzothiazoles and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activities was written by Dogan, Senguel Dilem;Guenduez, Miyase Gozde;Ugur, Suemeyye Buran;Dogan, Hilal;Ozkul, Ceren;Cetinkaya, Yasin. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2021.Reference of 6590-96-1 This article mentions the following:

Therefore, a convenient, rapid and efficient methodol. for the ring closure reaction of thioureas to form 2-aminobenzothiazole derivatives This study optimized the reaction conditions by trying various catalysts and oxidants. Copper iodide/oxone catalysis provided the best conditions for the preparation of benzothiazoles. The regioselectivity observed in the ring closure reaction of the naphthyl thiourea derivative was investigated and the obtained exptl. results were supported by theor. calculations In-vitro antimicrobial effects of the compounds were tested against various bacterial and fungal strains. Finally, mol. docking studies were carried out to rationalize the achieved biol. results and suggest mol. modifications to design new benzothiazole derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1Reference of 6590-96-1).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Reference of 6590-96-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design of metal-mediated protein assemblies via hydroxamic acid functionalities was written by Subramanian, Rohit H.;Zhu, Jie;Bailey, Jake B.;Chiong, Jerika A.;Li, Yiying;Golub, Eyal;Tezcan, F. Akif. And the article was included in Nature Protocols in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene This article mentions the following:

The self-assembly of proteins into sophisticated multicomponent assemblies is a hallmark of all living systems and has spawned extensive efforts in the construction of novel synthetic protein architectures with emergent functional properties. Protein assemblies in nature are formed via selective association of multiple protein surfaces through intricate noncovalent protein-protein interactions, a challenging task to accurately replicate in the de novo design of multiprotein systems. In this protocol, we describe the application of metal-coordinating hydroxamate (HA) motifs to direct the metal-mediated assembly of polyhedral protein architectures and 3D crystalline protein-metal-organic frameworks (protein-MOFs). This strategy has been implemented using an asym. cytochrome cb562 monomer through selective, concurrent association of Fe³⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions to form polyhedral cages. Furthermore, the use of ditopic HA linkers as bridging ligands with metal-binding protein nodes has allowed the construction of crystalline 3D protein-MOF lattices. The protocol is divided into two major sections: (1) the development of a Cys-reactive HA mol. for protein derivatization and self-assembly of protein-HA conjugates into polyhedral cages and (2) the synthesis of ditopic HA bridging ligands for the construction of ferritin-based protein-MOFs using sym. metal-binding protein nodes. Protein cages are analyzed using anal. ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. HA-mediated protein-MOFs are formed in sitting-drop vapor diffusion crystallization trays and are probed via single-crystal X-ray diffraction and multi-crystal small-angle X-ray scattering measurements. Ligand synthesis, construction of HA-mediated assemblies, and post-assembly anal. as described in this protocol can be performed by a graduate-level researcher within 6 wk. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Application In Synthesis of (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Application In Synthesis of (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Degradation of aureomycin was written by Hutchings, B. L.;Waller, C. W.;Gordon, S.;Broschard, R. W.;Wolf, C. F.;Goldman, A. A.;Williams, J. H.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1952.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Preceding abstract Alkali fusion of aureomycin (I) yielded 5,2-Cl(HO)C₆H₃CO₂H, Me₂NH, and NH₃. Methylation, followed by permanganate oxidation, gave the following derivatives: 6-chloro-3-methoxyphthalic acid, m. 186-8° (anhydride, m. 187-8°); a monobasic acid (II), m. 199-200° (decomposition), [α]²⁵_D 25° (MeOH), formed a mono-Me ester, m. 96-100° and on decarboxylation gave 1 mole CO₂ and 4-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylphthalide (III), m. 112-13°. II is 4-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylphthalide-3-carboxylic acid. Oxidation of III with alk. permanganate yielded 6-chloro-3-methoxyphthalonic acid (IV), m. 224-7° (decomposition), or 6-chloro-3-methoxyphthalic acid, depending on whether the MnO₂ was filtered off before or after acidification. Oxidation in neutral solution yielded 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-chloro-7-methoxyphthalide (V), m. 198-203°; methylation of V gave a normal ester, m. 69-70°, and a pseudo ester, m. 188-90°. The oxidation residues gave a dibasic acid (VI), m. 211-12°, [α]²⁵_D -20.2° (EtOH). VI heated with Ac₂O gave an anhydride m. 209-10°. VI is putative 4-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylphthalide-3-succinic acid. A 2nd dibasic acid (VII), m. 203-4°; di-Me ester, m. 108-9.5°; anhydride, m. 200-1°. VII demethylated with HBr yielded a phenolic acid, m. 172.5-75°; acid oxidation with permanganate yielded tricarballylic acid. VII is putative 3-(4-chloro-7-methoxy-3-methylphthalidyl)glutaric acid. Alk. fusion of the phthalide derivatives (except III) gave 5,2-Cl(MeO)C₆H₃CO₂H. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Convenient preparation of (η⁴-alkadiene)dichloroplatinum(II) complexes from [PtCl₆]^2- anions and their reduction to platinum(0) alkene complexes under phase-transfer catalysis conditions was written by Dell’Amico, Daniela Belli;Labella, Luca;Marchetti, Fabio;Samaritani, Simona. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 2011.Product Details of 12083-92-0 This article mentions the following:

Platinum(II) and platinum(0) diene complexes were prepared in phase-transfer conditions by reduction of hexachloroplatinate in the presence of diene ligands and tetraalkylammonium phase-transfer catalysts. Convenient one-pot reduction-complexation reactions of hexachloroplatinate(IV) anions to (η⁴-alkadiene)dichloroplatinum(II) complexes (η⁴-alkadiene = 1,5-cyclooctadiene, diallyl ether, dicyclopentadiene, norbornadiene, dibenzylideneacetone) under suitable phase-transfer catalysis conditions are reported. Reduction to zerovalent platinum alkene complexes has been obtained in the presence of an excess of alkene, potassium formate and 18-crown-6 as phase-transfer catalyst (alkene = COD, norbornene, dba). The crystal and mol. structure of [Pt_1.03(dba)₃]·CH₂Cl₂ has been studied by x-ray diffraction methods: it can be described as a solid solution of Pt(dba)₃ and Pt₂(dba)₃, the mononuclear complex being largely prevailing. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0Product Details of 12083-92-0).

Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Product Details of 12083-92-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Iridium-catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Cross-dehydrogenative Coupling of Alkyl Aryl Ethers Giving Enantioenriched 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans was written by Kusaka, Satoshi;Ohmura, Toshimichi;Suginome, Michinori. And the article was included in Chemistry Letters in 2022.Electric Literature of C8H16Cl2Ir2 This article mentions the following:

Aryl 2-silyloxyprop-1-yl ethers underwent intramol. C(sp²)-H/C(sp³)-H cross-dehydrogenative coupling in the presence of Ir/(S)-DTBM-SEGPHOS catalyst. The reaction proceeded enantioselectively to afford 3-methyl-3-silyloxy-2,3-dihydrobenzfurans I [R = H, 5-Me, 5-Bn, etc.] with up to 99% ee. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer (cas: 39722-81-1Electric Literature of C8H16Cl2Ir2).

Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer (cas: 39722-81-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Electric Literature of C8H16Cl2Ir2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Steric effects in effector-receptor interactions. Steric difference method and applications was written by Valceanu, Radu;Motoc, Ioan. And the article was included in Revue Roumaine de Chimie in 1982.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

An improved version of the steric difference method (SD^* method) for quant. evaluation of effector-receptor-interactions is given. The method considers both the topol. of the effector and the receptor cavity. The SD^* method has the following advantages: (1) the 2 steric parameters involved (SD_c^* for occupancy of the receptor cavity, SD_w^* for occupancy of the receptor walls) are easily calculated; (2) these parameters can be used for both structurally related series of compounds (i.e., congeners) and structurally different compounds (i.e., noncongeners); and (3) the method can be applied to a small series of compounds This method may be used for predicting activities of biol. active compounds, i.e., structure-activity prediction. It is illustrated with of anal. of hapten-antibody interactions, where good results were obtained. Three sep. systems were analyzed: (1) benzoate derivative hapten interaction with antibody to p-(p‘-azophenylazo)benzoate derivatives, (2) carboxylate-containing compound hapten interaction with antibody to p-azobenzoate derivatives and (3) benzene arsonate derivative hapten interaction with antibody to p-(p‘-azophenylazo)benzenearsonate derivatives The effects of various substituents on the hapten are shown, as well as the importance of electrostatic interactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 34662-36-7Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid (cas: 34662-36-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Triazolopyrimidine and triazolopyridine scaffolds as TDP2 inhibitors was written by Ribeiro, Carlos J. A.;Kankanala, Jayakanth;Xie, Jiashu;Williams, Jessica;Aihara, Hideki;Wang, Zhengqiang. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2019.SDS of cas: 1711-11-1 This article mentions the following:

Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) repairs topoisomerase II (TOP2) mediated DNA damages and causes cellular resistance to clin. used TOP2 poisons. Inhibiting TDP2 can potentially sensitize cancer cells toward TOP2 poisons. Com. compound P10A10, to which the structure was assigned as 7-Ph triazolopyrimidine analog 6a, was previously identified as a TDP2 inhibitor hit in our virtual and fluorescence-based biochem. screening campaign. We report herein that the hit validation through resynthesis and structure elucidation revealed the correct structure of P10A10 (Chembridge ID 7236827) to be the 5-Ph triazolopyrimidine regioisomer 7a. Subsequent structure-activity relationship (SAR) via the synthesis of a total of 47 analogs of both the 5-Ph triazolopyrimidine scaffold (7) and its bioisosteric triazolopyridine scaffold (17) identified four derivatives (7a, 17a, 17e, and 17z) with significant TDP2 inhibition (IC₅₀ < 50 μM), with 17z(I) showing excellent cell permeability and no cytotoxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1SDS of cas: 1711-11-1).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.SDS of cas: 1711-11-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of (E)-α-chloromethyl vinyl sulfones by 1, 2-radical difunctionalization of allenes with sodium sulfinates and iron(III) chloride hexahydrate was written by Wu, Zhuoxiong;Yu, Hui. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2022.Recommanded Product: 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride This article mentions the following:

An efficient radical chlorosulfonylation of allenes was disclosed and vinylsulfones were prepared smoothly under mild conditions. By using sodium sulfinates as radical precursors, iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl₃.6H₂O) as oxidant and chloride source, allenes were converted into (E)-α-chloromethyl vinylsulfones I [R = Me, Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, etc., R¹ = Ph, R² = H, X = Cl, Br; R = Ph, R¹ = 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, etc., R² = H, Me, X = Cl] via regioselective 1,2-radical difunctionalization process in moderate to good yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Recommanded Product: 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Recommanded Product: 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preparation of a new ladderlike oligosilsesquioxane with lateral aryl ester group was written by Ji, Shengxiang;Xu, Hui;Zhou, Xiaoshu;Dai, Daorong;Zhang, Rongben. And the article was included in Reactive & Functional Polymers in 2001.Formula: C10H10Cl2Pt This article mentions the following:

A new soluble ladder-like polysilsesquioxane with polar lateral aryl ester group, which has good adhesion properties and could be potential precursors of advanced functional materials such as catalyst carriers, polymeric solid electrolytes and microelectronic packaging materials etc., was successfully synthesized by stepwise coupling polymerization (SCP) method. The monomer used, Me 4-trichlorosilylpropoxybenzoate, was synthesized by hydrosilylation reaction catalyzed by dicyclopentadienylplatinum(II) dichloride (Cp₂PtCl₂). The titled polymer was characterized by ¹H NMR, ²⁹Si NMR, FTIR, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and gel permeation chromatog. (GPC). The characterization data demonstrate that the polymer possesses a typical ladder-like structure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0Formula: C10H10Cl2Pt).

Dichlorodi(cyclopenta-1,3-dien-1-yl)platinate(II) (cas: 12083-92-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Formula: C10H10Cl2Pt

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Light enhanced the antimicrobial, anticancer, and catalytic activities of selenium nanoparticles fabricated by endophytic fungal strain, Penicillium crustosum EP-1 was written by Fouda, Amr;Hassan, Saad El-Din;Eid, Ahmed M.;Abdel-Rahman, Mohamed Ali;Hamza, Mohammed F.. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) has recently received great attention over owing to their superior optical properties and wide biol. and biomedical applications. Herein, crystallog. and dispersed spherical Se-NPs were green synthesized using endophytic fungal strain, Penicillium crustosum EP-1. The antimicrobial, anticancer, and catalytic activities of biosynthesized Se-NPs were investigated under dark and light (using Halogen tungsten lamp, 100 W, λ > 420 nm, and light intensity of 2.87 W m-2) conditions. The effect of Se-NPs was dose dependent and higher activities against Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria as well different Candida spp. were attained in the presence of light than obtained under dark conditions. Moreover, the viabilities of two cancer cells (T47D and HepG2) were highly decreased from 95.8 ± 2.9% and 93.4 ± 3.2% in dark than those of 84.8 ± 2.9% and 46.4 ± 3.3% under light-irradiation conditions, resp. Significant decreases in IC50 values of Se-NPs against T47D and HepG2 were obtained at 109.1 ± 3.8 and 70.4 ± 2.5μg mL-1, resp. in dark conditions than 19.7 ± 7.2 and 4.8 ± 4.2μg mL-1, resp. after exposure to light-irradiation The photoluminescence activity of Se-NPs revealed methylene blue degradation efficiency of 89.1 ± 2.1% after 210 min under UV-irradiation compared to 59.7 ± 0.2% and 68.1 ± 1.03% in dark and light conditions, resp. Moreover, superior stability and efficient MB degradation efficiency were successfully achieved for at least five cycles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics