Month: January 2023

Ligand-ligand interactions and low frequency vibrations in chlorotetrakis(ethylene)iridium and bis(ethylene)chloroiridium dimer studied by inelastic neutron scattering and optical spectroscopy was written by Howard, Joseph;Waddington, Thomas C.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 2: Molecular and Chemical Physics in 1978.Computed Properties of C8H16Cl2Ir2 This article mentions the following:

Incoherent inelastic neutron-scattering and Raman spectra were obtained for Ir(C₂H₄)₄Cl (I) and [Ir(C₂H₄)₂Cl]₂ and a model was proposed for the interaction between the C₂H₄ ligands in I. The torsion of the axial C₂H₄ ligand was assigned at 45 cm^-1 and the in-phase and out-of-phase torsions of the equatorial ligands assigned at 172 and 240 cm^-1 resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer (cas: 39722-81-1Computed Properties of C8H16Cl2Ir2).

Chlorobis(ethylene)iridium(I) dimer (cas: 39722-81-1) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Computed Properties of C8H16Cl2Ir2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Microwave assisted mild, rapid, solvent-less, and catalyst-free chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines was written by Dighe, Satish N.;Jadhav, Hemant R.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2012.Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

Microwave assisted simple, rapid, solventless, and catalyst-free chemoselective method for the protection of amino group in aromatic, aliphatic, heterocyclic, aralkyl amines, Ph hydrazine, and amino acid esters in good to excellent isolated yield (83-98%) in short reaction time (2-12 min) has been reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Application In Synthesis of tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Periodic and spatial spreading of alkanes and Alcanivorax bacteria in deep waters of the mariana trench was written by Li, Wen-Li;Huang, Jiao-Mei;Zhang, Pei-Wei;Cui, Guo-Jie;Wei, Zhan-Fei;Wu, Yu-Zhi;Gao, Zhao-Ming;Han, Zhuang;Wang, Yong. And the article was included in Applied and Environmental Microbiology in 2019.Product Details of 3386-33-2 This article mentions the following:

In subduction zones, serpentinization and biol. processes may release alkanes to the deep waters, which would probably result in the rapid spread of Alcanivorax. However, the timing and area of the alkane distribution and associated enrichment of alkane-degrading microbes in the dark world of the deep ocean have not been explored. In this study, we report the richness (up to 17.8%) of alkane-degrading bacteria, represented by Alcanivorax jadensis, in deep water samples obtained at 3,000 to 6,000 m in the Mariana Trench in two cruises. The relative abundance of A. jadensis correlated with copy numbers of functional almA and alkB genes, which are involved in alkane degradation In these water samples, we detected a high flux of alkanes, which probably resulted in the prevalence of A. jadensis in the deep waters. Contigs of A. jadensis were binned from the metagenomes for examination of alkane degradation pathways and deep sea-specific pathways, which revealed a lack of nitrate and nitrite dissimilatory reduction in our A. jadensis strains. Comparing the results for the two cruises conducted close to each other, we suggest periodic release of alkanes that may spread widely but periodically in the trench. Distribution of alkane-degrading bacteria in the world′s oceans suggests the periodic and remarkable contributions of Alcanivorax to the deep sea organic carbon and nitrogen sources. IMPORTANCE In the oligotrophic environment of the Mariana Trench, alkanes as carbohydrates are important for the ecosystem, but their spatial and periodic spreading in deep waters has never been reported. Alkane-degrading bacteria such as Alcanivorax spp. are biol. signals of the alkane distribution. In the present study, Alcanivorax was abundant in some waters, at depths of up to 6,000 m, in the Mariana Trench. Genomic, transcriptomic, and chem. analyses provide evidence for the presence and activities of Alcanivorax jadensis in deep sea zones. The periodic spreading of alkanes, probably from the subductive plates, might have fundamentally modified the local microbial communities, as well as perhaps the deep sea microenvironment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2Product Details of 3386-33-2).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Product Details of 3386-33-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Arylacetonitriles: application in syntheses of 2,1-benzisoxazoles was written by Orlov, V. Y.;Kotov, A. D.;Ganzha, V. V.;Mironov, G. S.. And the article was included in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Khimiya i Khimicheskaya Tekhnologiya in 2003.Synthetic Route of C8H5ClFN This article mentions the following:

A series of 2,1-benzisoxazoles, e.g. I (R = Ph, 3-ClC₆H₄, 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, etc.), was synthesized by cyclocondensation of the corresponding nitrobenzene derivative, e.g. 4-chloronitrobenzene, with arylacetonitriles RCH₂CN, and the substituent effect on the product yield was studied. It is shown that when the aromatic ring of the R fragment contains electron-donating or halogen substituents, the yield of the products depends on the position of these substituents in the aromatic ring. The introduction of electron-accepting substituents partially or completely inhibits the reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-6-fluorophenylacetonitrile (cas: 75279-55-9Synthetic Route of C8H5ClFN).

2-Chloro-6-fluorophenylacetonitrile (cas: 75279-55-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Synthetic Route of C8H5ClFN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of novel (E)-2-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)styryl)-4-(alkyl/arylmethyleneoxy)quinazoline derivatives as antimicrobial agents was written by Yang, Lan;Ge, Shijia;Huang, Jian;Bao, Xiaoping. And the article was included in Molecular Diversity in 2018.Safety of 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene This article mentions the following:

A series of novel (E)-2-(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)styryl)-4-(alkyl/arylmethyleneoxy)quinazoline derivatives I (R = H, Me, Et, etc.) were synthesized in good to excellent yields. The structure of compound I (R = Me) was further confirmed via single-crystal X-ray diffraction anal. The bioassay results indicated that compounds I (R = 4-t-Bu-C₆H₄, 2,6-(Cl)₂C₆H₃, 4-FC₆H₄) inhibit phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) more potently than com. bactericide bismerthiazol. However, not a single compound effectively inhibited the three pathogenic fungi tested at 50 μg/mL. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Safety of 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Safety of 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design and synthesis of a magnetic hierarchical porous organic polymer: A new platform in heterogeneous phase-transfer catalysis was written by Mouradzadegun, Arash;Ganjali, Mohammad Reza;Mostafavi, Mahsa Alsadat. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2018.Computed Properties of C8H9Cl This article mentions the following:

Recyclable phase transfer catalysts containing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been known as a major trend towards sustainable catalysts. In this study, a novel class of magnetic porous polymer on the basis of calix[4]resorcinarene was synthesized starting from silica-coated Fe₃O₄ core-shell nanoparticles. This compound was found as an efficient phase transfer catalyst for the conversion of benzyl halides into benzyl azides and cyanides in good yields. The catalyst could be used at least for five consecutive cycles without appreciable loss in the catalytic activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Computed Properties of C8H9Cl).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Computed Properties of C8H9Cl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Studies of thermal properties of di(methacryloyloxymethyl)naphthalene-divinylbenzene (DMN-DVB) copolymer and its alkyl-bonded derivatives was written by Gawdzik, Barbara;Rogulska, Magdalena;Grochowicz, Marta;Osypiuk-Tomasik, Joanna. And the article was included in Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry in 2019.Related Products of 3386-33-2 This article mentions the following:

This paper presents the thermal properties of highly crosslinked di(methacryloyloxymethyl)naphthalene-divinylbenzene (DMN-DVB) copolymeric microspheres containing polar groups in the structure and their alkyl-bonded derivatives C₈ and C₁₈ alkyl chains were introduced into the aromatic rings of the DMN-DVB porous copolymer by means of the Friedel-Crafts reaction. As a source of C₈ and C₁₈ alkyl chains, octyl and octadecyl chlorides were used. It was necessary to check whether the introduction of alkyl chains into the structure of polymeric packing had an impact on its thermal properties. The studies were carried out by thermogravimetry coupled online with FTIR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry in inert atm. (helium). It was stated that the modified materials showed 20 and 50% mass losses at higher temperatures than the non-modified one while 1% mass loss was observed at lower temperatures Moreover, an anal. of volatile decomposition products was performed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2Related Products of 3386-33-2).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Related Products of 3386-33-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Acyloxymethyl as a drug protecting group. Kinetics and mechanism of the hydrolysis of N-acyloxymethylbenzamides was written by Iley, Jim;Moreira, Rui;Rosa, Eduarda. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) in 1991.Safety of Chloromethyl benzoate This article mentions the following:

Acyloxymethyl derivatives of secondary and tertiary amides R¹CONRCH₂O₂CR¹ [R = H, Me; R¹,R² = (un)substituted phenyl] undergo hydrolysis via acid-catalyzed, base-catalyzed and pH-independent processes. The pH-independent pathway involves rate-limiting iminium ion formation and is characterized by the following: a Hammett ρ value for the substituent in the benzamide moiety of ca. -1.2 for both types of substrate; the absence of general-base or nucleophilic catalysis; a common benzoate ion effect; a solvent deuterium isotope effect of ca. 1.6; ΔS^{â€?/sup> values of -4 and -12 J K-1 mol-1 for secondary and tertiary substrates resp.; and higher reactivity of the tertiary amides over their secondary counterparts. The acid-catalyzed process involves protonation of a substrate followed by iminium ion formation, and is characterized by the following: a Hammett ρ value of ca. -1.5 for the substituent effect of the benzamide moiety; a solvent deuterium isotope effect of ca. 0.4; a monotonic rise in the pseudo-first-order rate constant with increasing [H₂SO₄]; ΔSâ€?/sup> values >0 J K-1 mol-1; higher reactivity of the tertiary substrates over their secondary counterparts; and a value of 0.85 for the Broensted coefficient, β_lg, for the carboxylate nucleofuge. The base-catalyzed hydrolysis of tertiary substrates involves normal ester hydrolysis via acyl-oxygen bond cleavage, and is characterized by a Hammett ρ value of +0.38, a solvent deuterium isotope effect of 0.85, and a ΔSâ€?/sup> value of -96 J K-1 mol-1. The corresponding base-catalyzed process for the secondary substrates involves imine formation via an E2 elimination reaction. The secondary acyloxymethylamides are some 7 × 104 times more reactive than their tertiary counterparts in the base-catalyzed region. Hammett ρ values of +1.1 and +0.6 are obtained for the substituents in the ester and amide moieties, resp. Buffer catalysis is observed, and the value of ca. 0.5 for the Broensted β coefficient identifies the amide proton as approx. 50% transferred to the buffer species in the transition state. Heats of formation, ΔH_f, calculated using the AM1 SCF MO package reveal that iminium ion formation is thermodynamically equi-energetic for cyclic and acyclic systems. Iminium ion formation from tertiary substrates is favored by ca. 25 kJ mol-1 over the corresponding secondary analogs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7Safety of Chloromethyl benzoate).}

Chloromethyl benzoate (cas: 5335-05-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Safety of Chloromethyl benzoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Simple N,N-dimethyl phenylsulfonamides show potent anticonvulsant effect in two standard epilepsy models was written by Tanaka, Tomoyuki;Yajima, Nana;Kiyoshi, Tomoko;Miura, Yoshiki;Iwama, Seiji. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2017.Quality Control of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride This article mentions the following:

Optimization of the previously reported benzothiazine analog A led to the identification of compound 1, which showed anti-convulsant activity in two golden standard animal models of seizure, the MES and scPTZ models. Structure-activity relationship investigation of compound 1 revealed compounds 2, 6 and 19 as attractive anti-epileptic drug (AED) candidates with potent anticonvulsant effect in both the MES and scPTZ models. As these compounds are structurally different from existing AEDs, determination of their mechanism of actions could provide clues to understanding current therapy-resistant seizures. Moreover, these simple phenylsulfoneamide compounds could be good starting points for searching broad spectrum AEDs by such in vivo screening. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6Quality Control of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride).

3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 777-44-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Quality Control of 3-(Trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Genetic and Histopathological Alterations in Caco-2 and HuH-7 Cells Treated with Secondary Metabolites of Marine fungi was written by Mohamed, Aly Fahmy;Abuamara, Tamer M. M.;Amer, Mohamed E.;EI-Moselhy, Laila E.;Gomah, Tamer Albasyoni;Matar, Emadeldin R.;Shebl, Rania Ibrahim;Desouky, Said E.;Abu-Elghait, Mohammed. And the article was included in Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer in 2022.Quality Control of 1-Chlorooctadecane This article mentions the following:

The present work aimed to study the activity of naturally derived fungal secondary metabolites as anticancer agents concerning their cytotoxicity, apoptotic, genetic, and histopathol. profile. It was noticed that Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus induced variable toxic potential that was cell type, secondary metabolite type, and concentration dependent. Human colonic adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) showed less sensitivity than hepatocyte-derived cellular carcinoma cells (HuH-7), and in turn, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) was variable. Also, the apoptotic potential of Aspergillus species-derived fungal secondary metabolites was proven via detection of up-regulated pro-apoptotic genes and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic genes. The expression level was cell type dependent. Concurrently, apoptotic profile was accompanied with cellular DNA accumulation at the G2/M phase, as well as an elevation in Pre-G1 phase but not during G0/G1 and S phases. Also, there were characteristic apoptotic features of treated cells presented as abnormal intra-nuclear eosinophilic structures, dead cells with mixed euchromatin and heterochromatin, ruptured cell membranes, apoptotic cells with irregular cellular and nuclear membranes, as well as peripheral chromatin condensation. It can be concluded that Aspergillus secondary metabolites are promising agents that can be used as supplementary agents to the currently applied anti-cancer drug regimen. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2Quality Control of 1-Chlorooctadecane).

1-Chlorooctadecane (cas: 3386-33-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Quality Control of 1-Chlorooctadecane

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics