Month: January 2023

A triple exon-skipping luciferase reporter assay identifies a new CLK inhibitor pharmacophore was written by Shi, Yihui;Park, Jaehyeon;Lagisetti, Chandraiah;Zhou, Wei;Sambucetti, Lidia C.;Webb, Thomas R.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2017.Recommanded Product: 203436-45-7 This article mentions the following:

The splicing of pre-mRNA is a critical process in normal cells and is deregulated in cancer. Compounds that modulate this process have recently been shown to target a specific vulnerability in tumors. We have developed a novel cell-based assay that specifically activates luciferase in cells exposed to SF3B1 targeted compounds, such as sudemycin D6. This assay was used to screen a combined collection of approved drugs and bioactive compounds This screening approach identified several active hits, the most potent of which were CGP-74514A and aminopurvalanol A, both have been reported to be cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) inhibitors. We found that these compounds, and their analogs, show significant cdc2-like kinase (CLK) inhibition and clear structure-activity relationships (SAR) at CLKs. We prepared a set of analogs and were able to ‘dial out’ the CDK activity and simultaneously developed CLK inhibitors with low nanomolar activity. Thus, we have demonstrated the utility of our exon-skipping assay and identified new mols. that exhibit potency and selectivity for CLK, as well as some structurally related dual CLK/CDK inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine (cas: 203436-45-7Recommanded Product: 203436-45-7).

2,6-Dichloro-9-isopropyl-9H-purine (cas: 203436-45-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Recommanded Product: 203436-45-7

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel pyrrolidine melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 antagonists with reduced hERG inhibition was written by Fox, Brian M.;Natero, Reina;Richard, Kevin;Connors, Richard;Roveto, Philip M.;Beckmann, Holger;Haller, Katrin;Golde, Justin;Xiao, Shou-Hua;Kayser, Frank. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2011.HPLC of Formula: 1711-11-1 This article mentions the following:

We discovered novel pyrrolidine MCHR1 antagonist 1 possessing moderate potency. Profiling of pyrrolidine 1 demonstrated that it was an inhibitor of the hERG channel. Investigation of the structure-activity relationship of this class of pyrrolidines allowed us to optimize the MCHR1 potency and decrease the hERG inhibition. Increasing the acidity of the amide proton by converting the benzamide in lead 1 to an anilide provided single digit nanomolar MCHR1 antagonists while replacing the dimethoxyphenyl ring of 1 with alkyl groups possessing increased polarity dramatically reduced the hERG inhibition. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1HPLC of Formula: 1711-11-1).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.HPLC of Formula: 1711-11-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines as microtubule-destabilizing agents in triple negative human breast cancer cells was written by Gangapuram, Madhavi;Jean, Riccardo;Mazzio, Elizabeth;Badisa, Ramesh;Eyunni, Suresh;Goodman, Carl B.;Redda, Kinfe K.;Soliman, Karam F.. And the article was included in Anticancer Research in 2016.COA of Formula: C10H13ClO3S This article mentions the following:

Triple-neg. breast cancer (TNBC) occurs at greater frequency amongst African-Americans, being characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2). TNBC is often invasive and typically treated with cytostatic agents such as taxanes in combination with anthracyclines or platinum-based drugs. In this study, we synthesized a number of tetrahydroisoquinoline moieties by N-amination of substituted isoquinolines by O-mesytelene sulfonylhydroxylamine followed by ylide formation and reduction, which yielded the desired, substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) in moderate to good yield. Using a differential scatter plot to identify potential selective ER-modulating drugs in ER-pos. control cells (MCF-7) driven by estradiol vs. TNBC (MDA-MB-231) cells, the in vitro data showed an absence of effects on the ER (compared to 4-hydroxytamoxifen and raloxifene). In contrast, two lead compounds halted proliferation (cytostatic) in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells at a potency level below 2.5 μM concomitant with mitotic arrest, attenuated replicative DNA synthesis, halted microtubule nucleation/stunted tubulin polymerization, abnormal expansive cytoskeletal tubulin and actin morphologies with multinucleation of cells. The most effective cytostatic compounds GM-3-53 and GM-3-121 blocked replicative processes at the G2 growth phase. These findings suggest that specific THIQs work independently of the ER, by holding static the microtubule network thereby preventing mitosis. Future work is required to establish the safety and efficacy of these drugs and their potential adjunct therapeutic gain in the presence of taxanes in TNBC. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 1138-56-3COA of Formula: C10H13ClO3S).

4-Butoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 1138-56-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.COA of Formula: C10H13ClO3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Phenylalanine gold nanoclusters as sensing platform for π-π interfering molecules: a case study of iodide was written by Amiri-Sadeghan, Amir;Dinari, Ali;Mohammadi, Soheila;Zohrabi, Tayebeh;Khodarahmi, Reza;Hosseinkhani, Saman;Yoon, Jungwon. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S This article mentions the following:

The photo-phys. properties of metal nano clusters are sensitive to their surrounding medium. Fluorescence enhancement, quenching, and changes in the emitted photon properties are usual events in the sensing applications using these nano materials. Combining this sensitivity with unique properties of self-assembled structures opens new opportunities for sensing applications. Here, we synthesized gold nanoclusters by utilizing phenylalanine amino acid as both capping and reducing mol. Phenylalanine is able to self-assemble to rod-shaped nano structure in which the π-π interaction between the aromatic rings is a major stabilizing force. Any substance as iodide anion or mol. that is able to weaken this interaction influence the fluorescence of metal nano-clusters. Since the building blocks of the self-assembled structure are made through the reaction of gold ions and phenylalanine, the oxidized products and their effect of sensing features are explored. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S).

3,7-Bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride (cas: 61-73-4) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.COA of Formula: C16H18ClN3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel icariin derivatives was written by Wang, A.;Zhang, Aili;Xu, Y.. And the article was included in Pharmazie in 2019.Synthetic Route of C8H9ClO4S This article mentions the following:

A series of aromatic sulfonyls substituted icariin derivatives I (R = 4-FC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 2-thienyl, etc.) was synthesized and their antibacterial activities against S. aureus (including drug-sensitive bacteria and drug-resistant bacteria) were evaluated. Among them, compound I (R = 4-F₃CC₆H₄) exhibited high potency against methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and resistant strains of S. aureus (MRSA) with MIC values of 1-2 mmol/L. Reverse virtual screening and mol. docking anal. indicated that compound I (R = 4-F₃CC₆H₄) might bind the allosteric site of PBP2a that may inhibit cell wall synthesis, with the advantage of activity against multidrug resistant S. aureus. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiment further confirmed the binding affinity. Therefore, aromatic sulfonyls at C-3 position substituted icariin derivatives have been considered to be a novel class of anti-MRSA agents worth of further investigation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 63624-28-2Synthetic Route of C8H9ClO4S).

2,4-Dimethoxybenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (cas: 63624-28-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Synthetic Route of C8H9ClO4S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

SAR evolution and discovery of benzenesulfonyl matrinanes as a novel class of potential coxsakievirus inhibitors was written by Tang, Sheng;Li, Yu-Huan;Cheng, Xin-Yue;Li, Ying-Hong;Wang, Hui-Qiang;Kong, Lan-Ying;Zhang, Xin;Jiang, Jian-Dong;Song, Dan-Qing. And the article was included in Future Medicinal Chemistry in 2016.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Materials & methods: Fifty-one novel 12N-substituted matrinic acid derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-coxsackievirus B3 activities. Results: Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that the 11-side chain could be determinant for the selectivity index by adjusting overall lipophilicity, and 11-butane was the best one for both potency and druggability. The optimized 35d showed the broad-spectrum anti-coxsackieviruse effects, an excellent pharmacokinetics and a good safety profile. More importantly, it displayed a potential effect for the pleconaril-resistant coxsackievirus B3 as well. Its mode of action is targeting on the viral transcription and translation stage, a different mechanism from that of pleconaril. Conclusion: Thus, we considered that 35d is a promising anti-enteroviral candidate for the treatment of various diseases infected with coxsackieviruses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

3-Cyanobenzoyl chloride (cas: 1711-11-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Palladium-Catalyzed 5-exo-dig Cyclization Cascade, Sequential Amination/Etherification for Stereoselective Construction of 3-Methyleneindolinones was written by Zuo, Youpeng;He, Xinwei;Tang, Qiang;Hu, Wangcheng;Zhou, Tongtong;Hu, Wenbo;Shang, Yongjia. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2021.Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid This article mentions the following:

An cascade intramol. 5-exo-dig cyclization of N-(2-iodophenyl)propiolamides and sequential amination/etherification (with N-hydroxybenzamides, Ph hydroxycarbamate) protocol for the synthesis of amino- and phenoxy-substituted 3-methyleneindolinones I [R = Ph, 2-naphthyl, 2-thienyl, etc.; R¹ = H, 6-Me, 7-Cl, etc.; R² = Me, Et, Ph, OPh; R³ = Me, Et, allyl, Bn] using unexpensive Pd(PPh₃)₄ as catalyst was developed. The protocol enabled the assembly of structurally important oxindole cores featuring moderate functional group tolerance (particularly the halo group), affording a broad spectrum of products with diverse substituents in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Safety of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Arylsulfonamidotetralin inhibitors of the Kv1.5 ion channel was written by Gross, Michael F.;Castle, Neil A.;Zou, Anruo;Wickenden, Alan D.;Yu, Weifeng;Spear, Kerry L.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2009.Recommanded Product: 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride This article mentions the following:

Arylsulfonamidotetralins based on lead compound I were synthesized and evaluated for Kv1.5 inhibitory activity. Several compounds having IC₅₀ values less then 0.1 μM were identified. Kv1.5 inhibitors have the potential to be atrium-selective agents for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0Recommanded Product: 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride).

2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride (cas: 6834-42-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Recommanded Product: 2-(3-Methoxyphenyl)acetyl chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A systematic approach for prioritizing landfill pollutants based on toxicity: Applications and opportunities was written by Rogers, Elizabeth R.;Zalesny, Ronald S. Jr.;Lin, Chung-Ho. And the article was included in Journal of Environmental Management in 2021.Recommanded Product: 101-20-2 This article mentions the following:

Landfills in the United States are a significant source of pollution to ground and surface water. Current environmental regulations require detection and/or monitoring assessments of landfill leachate for contaminants that have been deemed particularly harmful. However, the lists of contaminants to be monitored are not comprehensive. Further, landfill leachate composition varies over space and time, and thus the contaminants, and their corresponding toxicity, are not consistent across or within landfills. One of the main objectives of this study was to prioritize contaminants found in landfill leachate using a systematic, toxicity-based prioritization scheme. A literature review was conducted, and from it, 484 landfill leachate contaminants with available CAS numbers were identified. In vitro, in vivo, and predicted human toxicity data were collected from ToxCast, ECOTOX, and CTV Predictor, resp. These data were integrated using the Toxicol. Priority Index (ToxPi) for the 322 contaminants which had available toxicity data from at least two of the databases. Four modifications to this general prioritization scheme were developed to demonstrate the flexibility of this scheme for addressing varied research and applied objectives. The general scheme served as a basis for comparison of the results from the modified schemes, and allowed for identification of contaminants uniquely prioritized in each of the schemes. The schemes outlined here can be used to identify the most harmful contaminants in environmental media in order to design the most relevant mitigation strategies and monitoring plans. Finally, future research directions involving the combination of these prioritization schemes and non-target global metabolomic profiling are discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2Recommanded Product: 101-20-2).

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (cas: 101-20-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Recommanded Product: 101-20-2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Derivatives of salicylic acid. XIII. Chlorosalicylic acids and their methyl ethers was written by Hirwe, N. W.;Rana, K. N.;Gavankar, K. D.. And the article was included in Proceedings – Indian Academy of Sciences, Section A in 1938.Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid This article mentions the following:

3-Chlorosalicylic acid (I), m. 180-2°, is prepared by the action of Cl₂ or nascent Cl (KMnO₄ and concentrated HCl) on 5-sulfosalicylic acid (II) in glacial AcOH, followed by desulfonation with super-heated steam at 160-70°. The yield is 72% in the former case, from 100 g. II. A small amount of chlorophenol is probably also obtained in each case. I gives an intense violet color with FeCl₃. Cl₂ passed into chloralsalicylamide in glacial AcOH below 15° gives chloral-3-chlorosalicylamide (III), m. 159-60°, gives a red color with alc. FeCl₃. III (20 g.) refluxed with 10% NaOH (200 cc.) for 6 h. gives I in 86% yield. K salt of I, needles from water; Ca salt contains 3H₂O; Ag salt is light sensitive. Me 3-chlorosalicylate and aqueous NH₃ give 3-chlorosalicylamide (IV), m. 174-5°, gives a violet-red color with FeCl₃. I (10 g.) and PCl₅ (12 g.) when refluxed 4 h. in low-boiling petroleum ether, and the reaction mixture treated with aqueous NH₃, give IV, m. 174-6°; yield 8.5 g. When 7 g. Cl₂ is passed gradually into 14 g. salicylic acid in ice-cold glacial AcOH, 5-chlorosalicylic acid, m. 172-3°, giving a violet color with alc. FeCl₃, is formed in 15 g. yield; when double the quantity of Cl₂ was used, 3,5-dichlorosalicylic acid (V), m. 219-20°, giving a reddish violet color with alc. FeCl₃, was formed in 16.5 g. yield. Ca salt of V, contains 4H₂O. Me₂SO₄ (100 g.) added to 17 g. I in 75 cc. cold aqueous KOH (40 g. KOH in 150 cc. water) gave 16 g. of 3-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (VI), m. 120-21°, giving no color with alc. FeCl₃. The Na salt of VI is anhydrous; the Ba salt contains 4H₂O, and the Ag salt darkens. VI treated with PCl₅ and aqueous NH₃ gives 3-chloro-2-methoxybenzamide, m. 99-100°, giving no color with alc. FeCl₃. 2-MeOC₆H₄CO₂H (14 g.) chlorinated in ice-cold glacial AcOH with 7 g. Cl₂ gives 5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (VII), m. 80-1°, giving no color with alc. FeCl₃, in 15.5 g. yield. The Ag salt of VII turns brownish. VII (6 g.) treated with PCl₅ and aqueous NH₃ gives 5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamide, m. 137-8°, giving no color with alc. FeCl₃; yield, 5 g. 2-MeOC₆H₄CO₂H acid (15 g.) chlorinated in glacial AcOH with 15 g. Cl₂, yields 15 g. 3,5-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (VIII), m. 166-7°, giving no color with alc. FeCl₃. The Na salt of VIII contains 2H₂O; the Ba salt, 5H₂O; the Ag salt turns gray. VIII (20 g.) treated with PCl₅ and aqueous NH₃ yields 19.5 g. 3,5-dichloro-2-methoxybenzamide, m. 152-3° giving no color with alc. FeCl₃. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics