Month: January 2023

Structure-activity relationship studies of N-(9-benzyl)-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3β-yl benzamide analogues for dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptors was written by Mach, Robert H.;Hammond, Philip S.;Huang, Yunsheng;Yang, Biao;Xu, Yueping;Cheney, Jason T.;Freeman, Rebekah;Luedtke, Robert R.. And the article was included in Medicinal Chemistry Research in 1999.Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid This article mentions the following:

A series of benzamide derivatives such as I (R = H, HO, MeO, MeS, O₂N; R¹ = H, Me, MeO; R² = H, Cl; R³ = H, Br, Cl, I, Me, O₂N; R⁴ = H, Br) were prepared in order to determine the nature of the substituent effects in the benzamide aromatic ring on the affinity to dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptors. Both quant. structure-activity relationship and mol. modeling (CoMFA) studies were conducted in order to identify the properties of the substituents important for receptor binding. Although traditional QSAR studies provided nearly identical equations for D₂ and D₃ receptor binding, CoMFA anal. indicated that there are subtle differences in both the steric and electronic properties of the D₂ and D₃ receptor in the region of the receptor recognizing the benzamide aromatic ring. 2,3-Disubstituted benzamides are favored for binding to dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptors; substitution in the 3-position of the benzamides yields compounds selective for the dopamine D₂ receptor. These data should provide useful information in the design of second-generation analogs possessing a higher affinity for D₃ vs. D₂ receptors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid).

5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 3438-16-2) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kinetics of oxidation of some amino acids by N-chlorosaccharin in aqueous acetic acid medium was written by Farook, N. A. Mohamed;Khan, T. Hidhayathulla;Dameem, G. A. Seyed. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Chemistry in 2007.Product Details of 14070-51-0 This article mentions the following:

The kinetics of oxidation of amino acids (AA), glycine, alanine, aspartic acid, arginine, and histidine, by N-chlorosaccharin (NCSA) in aqueous acetic acid medium in the presence of perchloric acid have been investigated. The observed rate of oxidation is first order in [AA], [NCSA] and of inverse functional order in [H⁺]. The main product of the oxidation is the corresponding aldehyde. The ionic strength on the reaction rate has no significant effect. The effect of changing the dielec. constant of the medium on the rate indicates the reaction to be of dipole-dipole type. Hypochlorous acid has been postulated as the reactive oxidizing species. The reaction constants involved in the mechanism are derived. The activation parameters are computed with respect to slow step of the mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0Product Details of 14070-51-0).

2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Product Details of 14070-51-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Elastic modulus of polyamide thin films formed by molecular layer deposition was written by McIntee, Olivia M.;Welch, Brian C.;Greenberg, Alan R.;George, Steven M.;Bright, Victor M.. And the article was included in Polymer in 2022.Product Details of 4422-95-1 This article mentions the following:

Mol. layer deposition (MLD) is a gas-phase deposition technique that can create ultra-thin films with precisely controlled chem. composition and thickness by depositing one monolayer at a time. This makes MLD an attractive technol. for desalination membranes among other applications. Given its relatively recent development, little information has been reported regarding the properties of MLD thin films. We present the results of an initial mech. property study of MLD films with thicknesses ranging from �0 to 2000 nm. MLD was utilized to create crosslinked polyamide films grown using either m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) reactants or piperazine (PIP) and TMC reactants. The elastic modulus of the films was determined using at. force microscopy (AFM). The results show that the modulus was independent of film thickness with values of 4.36 ± 1.19 GPa and 5.24 ± 1.06 GPa for the MLD films grown using the MPD-TMC and PIP-TMC chemistries, resp. These values are of the same order of magnitude as those reported for much thicker polyamide films, but higher than the modulus of polyamide films fabricated using interfacial polymerization In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1Product Details of 4422-95-1).

Trimesoylchloride (cas: 4422-95-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Product Details of 4422-95-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The Synthesis of gem-Bisamides Using a Carbocationic Catalytic System in Neutral Media was written by Moosavi-Zare, Ahmad Reza;Goudarziafshar, Hamid;Jalilian, Zahra;Hajilouie, Zahra. And the article was included in Organic Preparations and Procedures International in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Synthesis of N,N’-alkylidene bisamides I (R¹ = 2-Br, 4-F, 4-NO₂, etc.; R² = Me, Ph) using TrCl as a homogeneous organocatalyst in neutral media. The products were prepared in high yields in short reaction times. The low cost of trityl choride, com. availability of the catalyst, short reaction times and the avoidance of harsh acidic conditions are important advantages of this work. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

(Chloromethanetriyl)tribenzene (cas: 76-83-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

TBHP/R₄N⁺X^– promoted hydroaroylation of dialkyl azodicarboxylates with methyl arenes, aldehydes, aryl methanols and arylmethyl chlorides was written by Adib, Mehdi;Pashazadeh, Rahim;Rajai-Daryasarei, Saideh;Moradkhani, Fatemeh;Jahani, Mehdi;Gohari, Seyed Jamal Addin. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2018.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Efficient TBHP/R₄N⁺X^– promoted hydroaroylations of dialkyl azo-1,2-dicarboxylates with Me arenes, aldehydes, aryl methanols and arylmethyl chlorides were described. These oxidation/oxygenation and hydroaroylation processes were carried out by tert-Bu hydroperoxide as terminal oxidant/oxygen source, and were catalyzed by tetrabutylammonium bromide and tricaprylmethylammonium chloride as the driving force. During this investigation, all these hydroaroylating sources were found to be highly efficient reagents without the need of any transition-metal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

1-(Chloromethyl)-3-methylbenzene (cas: 620-19-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Installation of protected ammonia equivalents onto aromatic & heteroaromatic rings in water enabled by micellar catalysis was written by Isley, Nicholas A.;Dobarco, Sebastian;Lipshutz, Bruce H.. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2014.Computed Properties of C11H14ClNO2 This article mentions the following:

A single set of conditions consisting of a palladium catalyst, a com. available ligand, and a base allow for several types of C-N bond constructions to be conducted in water with the aid of a com. available “designer” surfactant (TPGS-750-M). Products containing a protected NH₂ group in the form of a carbamate, sulfonamide, or urea can be fashioned starting with aryl or heteroaryl bromides, iodides, and in some cases, chlorides, as substrates. Reaction temperatures are in the range of room temperature to, at most, 50 °C, and result in essentially full conversion and good isolated yields. E.g., in presence of allylpalladium chloride dimer, a ligand, and TPGS-750-M in water, amidation of 4-BrC₆H₄CO₂Et with carbamate H₂NCO₂Et gave 99% I. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6Computed Properties of C11H14ClNO2).

tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Computed Properties of C11H14ClNO2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Conversion of nucleophilic halides to electrophilic halides: efficient and selective halogenation of azinones, amides, and carbonyl compounds using metal halide/lead tetraacetate was written by Kim, Jeum-Jong;Kweon, Deok-Heon;Cho, Su-Dong;Kim, Ho-Kyun;Lee, Sang-Gyeong;Yoon, Yong-Jin. And the article was included in Synlett in 2006.COA of Formula: C7H4ClNO3S This article mentions the following:

AlCl₃/Pb(OAc)₄ and ZnBr₂/Pb(OAc)₄ are efficient electrophilic N- and α-C-halogenating agents. A variety of azinones, amides, and carbonyl compounds were chemoselectively and regioselectively N- or α-C-halogenated in good to excellent yield using AlCl₃/Pb(OAc)₄ or ZnBr₂/Pb(OAc)₄ in acetonitrile. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0COA of Formula: C7H4ClNO3S).

2-Chlorobenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (cas: 14070-51-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.COA of Formula: C7H4ClNO3S

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Direct conversion of azides to carbamates and sulfonamides using Fe/NH₄Cl: effect of sonication was written by Chandrasekhar, S.;Narsihmulu, Ch.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2000.Computed Properties of C11H14ClNO2 This article mentions the following:

A simple, direct and effective conversion of azides to carbamates and sulfonamides is achieved using Fe/NH₄Cl in MeOH. The influence of ultrasonication and direct application in solution-phase combinatorial chem. are also studied by developing a 6×4 matrix library. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6Computed Properties of C11H14ClNO2).

tert-Butyl (4-chlorophenyl)carbamate (cas: 18437-66-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Computed Properties of C11H14ClNO2

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of Sulfonamides Incorporating Piperidinyl-Hydrazidoureido and Piperidinyl-Hydrazidothioureido Moieties and Their Carbonic Anhydrase I, II, IX and XII Inhibitory Activity was written by Moi, Davide;Deplano, Alessandro;Angeli, Andrea;Balboni, Gianfranco;Supuran, Claudiu T.;Onnis, Valentina. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Related Products of 6590-96-1 This article mentions the following:

Here, we report a small library of hydrazinocarbonyl-ureido and -thioureido benzenesulfonamide derivatives, I [R = Ph, C₆H₁₁, PhCH₂, etc., X = O, S], that were designed and synthesized as potent and selective human carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (hCAIs). The synthesized compounds were ev=aluated against isoforms hCA I, II, IX and XII using acetazolamide (AAZ) as standard inhibitor. Several urea and thiourea derivatives showed inhibitory activity at low nanomolar levels with selectivity against the cytosolic hCA II isoform, as well as the transmembrane, tumor-associated enzymes hCA IX and XII. The thiourea derivatives showed enhanced potency as compared to urea analogs. Addnl., eight compounds, I [R = 3-FC₆H₄, 2,6-Me₂C₆H₃, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, X = O, S], were selected for docking anal. on isoform I, II, IX, XII to illustrate the potential interaction with the enzyme to better understand the activity against the different isoforms. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1Related Products of 6590-96-1).

2,4-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate (cas: 6590-96-1) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Related Products of 6590-96-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pd(II)-catalysed meta-C-H functionalizations of benzoic acid derivatives was written by Li, Shangda;Cai, Lei;Ji, Huafang;Yang, Long;Li, Gang. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2016.Application In Synthesis of 3-Chloro-2,6-difluorobenzoic acid This article mentions the following:

Herein, a general protocol for meta-C-H olefination of benzoic acid derivatives using a nitrile-based sulfonamide template is reported. A broad range of benzoic acid derivatives are meta-selectively olefinated using mol. oxygen as the terminal oxidant. The meta-C-H acetoxylation, product of which is further transformed at the meta-position, is also reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Chloro-2,6-difluorobenzoic acid (cas: 225104-76-7Application In Synthesis of 3-Chloro-2,6-difluorobenzoic acid).

3-Chloro-2,6-difluorobenzoic acid (cas: 225104-76-7) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Application In Synthesis of 3-Chloro-2,6-difluorobenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics