Month: November 2022

An integrated smart thermo-chemical energy network was written by Giampieri, A.;Roy, S.;Shivaprasad, K. V.;Smallbone, A. J.;Roskilly, A. P.. And the article was included in Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews in 2022.Reference of 7447-41-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Managing the intermittency of renewable sources together with transient (hourly to daily to seasonal) energy demands is one of the principal challenges of delivering a net-zero energy system. Smart multifunctional thermo-chem. energy networks represent an alternative energy network and storage system, a solution based on the distribution of energy via thermo-chem. material rather than thermal energy, gas, fuels or electricity- an option that has scope for integrated short- and long-term energy storage. This is the first research work to realize such a system and demonstrate how it might operate using smart control strategies and how thermo-chem. fluids (TCFs) can be used as a medium for timely energy storage and distribution. The exptl. study also describes the effect of steady and variable heat sources on TCF regeneration performance and estimates the potential of thermo-chem. energy networks, which would be particularly beneficial in buildings with high energy consumption for humidity control. This research proves the practicality of the design idea for such a network, which would be governed by centralised control, regenerated by steady or transient heat loads and capable of supplying a variety of demands in an exptl. setting. The energy and economic potential of the network were also assessed, identifying temperature and humidity control application scenarios with energy savings of more than 60% compared to conventional operation and payback periods of 6.6-9.7 years. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Reference of 7447-41-8).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Reference of 7447-41-8

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

High performance liquid chromatography-based method to analyze activity of GABA transporters in central nervous system was written by Rogerio da Silva Moraes, Edinaldo;Santos-Silva, Mateus;Grisolia, Alan Araujo;Braga, Danielle Valente;Reis Leao, Luana Ketlen;Bahia, Carlomagno Pacheco;Soares de Moraes, Suellen Alessandra;Passos, Adelaide Fonseca;de Jesus Oliveira Batista, Evander;Herculano, Anderson Manoel;Matos Oliveira, Karen Renata Herculano. And the article was included in Neurochemistry International in 2022.Quality Control of Lithium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The GATs are the membrane proteins responsible for the uptake of GABA in the central nervous system. Alterations in GAT activity are implicated in several neurol. diseases, including retinopathies. The present study describes an alternative method to determine GAT activity in tissue preparations of the central nervous system, using high performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The GABA concentration in the medium was determined using the o-phthaldehyde (OPA)-derivation protocol validated by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) and the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA). The GAT activity in the retinal preparations was determined through the evaluation of the GABA uptake, which was measured by assessing the difference between the initial and final concentrations of GABA in the incubation medium. The evaluation of the GAT kinetics returned values of Km = 382.5 ± 32.2μM and Vmax = 34 nmol/mg of protein. The data also demonstrated that the GABA uptake was predominantly Na+- and temperature-dependent, and was also inhibited by incubation with nipecotic acid, a substrate of GABA transporters. Taken together, these findings confirm that our approach provided a specific measure of GAT activity in retinal tissue. The data presented here thus validate, for the first time, an alternative, simple and sensitive method for the evaluation of GAT activity using high performance chromatog. on preparations of the central nervous system. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Quality Control of Lithium chloride).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Quality Control of Lithium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Environmentally benign hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents for palladium(II) extraction from hydrochloric acid solution was written by Tang, Nian;Liu, Lingli;Yin, Chun;Zhu, Guiping;Huang, Qilan;Dong, Jieru;Yang, Xiangjun;Wang, Shixiong. And the article was included in Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers in 2021.COA of Formula: C25H54ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are considered to be clean and green alternatives to traditional organic solvents for metal ion extraction Herein, a series of novel hydrophobic DESs were synthesized via the combination of methyltrioctylammonium chloride ([N₈₈₈₁]Cl) as hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and saturated fatty acids or saturated fatty alcs. as hydrogen bond donors (HBDs). Then, the DESs were used for palladium(II) recovery from acid solution The factors that affect palladium(II) extraction (including the DES species, contact time, DES dose, solution pH, and temperature) were extensively investigated. The DESs exhibit excellent performance for extracting palladium(II) from hydrochloric acid media, and more than 99% of palladium(II) was extracted under optimal conditions. UV-vis, ¹H NMR, and FTIR spectral characterizations confirm that the extraction mechanism of palladium(II) involves an anion exchange reaction whereby PdCl₂^-4 anions in the aqueous phase replace Cl- anions in DES to form ion-pairs with [N⁺₈₈₈₁] via electrostatic interactions. Meanwhile, N₈₈₈₁:1-hexanol (1:1) and N₈₈₈₁:hexanoic acid (1:2) exhibit excellent selectivity for palladium(II) over other impurity metal ions. Also, palladium(II) in the loaded DES phase was efficiently recovered as elemental palladium via the hydrazine hydrate reduction method; thus, the DES could be reused for at least 5 cycles. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3COA of Formula: C25H54ClN).

N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.COA of Formula: C25H54ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Oxygen Vacancy in CeO₂ Facilitate the Catalytic Activity of Pd/CeO₂ for CO Direct Esterification to Dimethyl Oxalate was written by Hu, Chao;Jing, Kai-Qiang;Lin, Xiao-Qi;Sun, Jing;Xu, Zhong-Ning;Guo, Guo-Cong. And the article was included in Catalysis Letters in 2022.Recommanded Product: Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) The following contents are mentioned in the article:

CO direct esterification to di-Me oxalate (DMO) has important industrial application value. Pd-based heterogeneous catalysts have been often utilized for this reaction. However, the effects of defect structures causing by the different morphologies of the support on the catalytic performance has not been investigated sufficiently. In this work, three different morphologies of CeO₂ support (denoted as rod, cube, and octahedron) loading Pd were synthesized, and further investigated their catalytic activities for CO direct esterification to DMO. The Pd/CeO₂-rod catalyst exhibited the best CO conversion compared with Pd/CeO₂-cube and Pd/CeO₂-octa. The results of Raman and XPS show that CeO₂-rod has the highest oxygen vacancy concentration than those of CeO₂-cube and CeO₂-octa. In addition, it was found that partial interfacial electrons transfer from Pd to CeO₂ support at the interface from the result of XPS. More intriguingly, the result of in situ DRIRS of CO exhibits that the partial interfacial electrons transfer from CeO₂ to Pd, resulting from oxygen vacancies serve as a charge compensator to promote partial electrons transfer. The enriched electron of Pd would promote the adsorption and activation of CO, thus enhancing the catalytic activity. This work will provide a general understanding of the support effect to catalytic performance, which induced by the oxygen vacancies. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Recommanded Product: Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Recommanded Product: Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Al-, Ga-, Mg-, or Li-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles as electron transport layers for quantum dot light-emitting diodes was written by Alexandrov, Alexei;Zvaigzne, Mariya;Lypenko, Dmitri;Nabiev, Igor;Samokhvalov, Pavel. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2020.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Abstract: Colloidal quantum dots and other semiconductor nanocrystals are essential components of next-generation lighting and display devices. Due to their easily tunable and narrow emission band and near-unity fluorescence quantum yield, they allow cost-efficient fabrication of bright, pure-color and wide-gamut light emitting diodes (LEDs) and displays. A critical improvement in the quantum dot LED technol. was achieved when zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were first introduced as an electron transport layer (ETL) material, which tremendously enhanced the device brightness and current efficiency due to the high mobility of electrons in ZnO and favorable alignment of its energy bands. During the next decade, the strategy of ZnO NP doping allowed the fabrication of QLEDs with a brightness of about 200 000 cd/m² and current efficiency over 60 cd/A. On the other hand, the known ZnO doping approaches rely on a very fine tuning of the energy levels of the ZnO NP conduction band min.; hence, selection of the appropriate dopant that would ensure the best device characteristics is often ambiguous. This problem via detailed comparison of QLEDs whose ETLs are formed by a set of ZnO NPs doped with Al, Ga, Mg, or Li. Although magnesium-doped ZnO NPs are the most common ETL material used in recently designed QLEDs, our experiments have shown that their aluminum-doped counterparts ensure better device performance in terms of brightness, current efficiency and turn-on voltage. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Functionally Substituted Pyrimidine and Pyran Derivatives on the Basis of Isatylidene Malononitriles was written by Naghiyev, Farid;Mamedov, Ibrahim;Askerov, Rizvan;Taslimi, Parham;Poustforoosh, Alireza. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2022.Product Details of 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, it was shown that pyrimidine and imidazopyridine derivatives were obtained from the multicomponent reaction of isatylidene malononitriles with malononitrile and diamines at room temperature Also, the interaction of 2-(5-bromo-2-oxoindoline-3-ylidene)with malononitrile and benzoyl acetone (or ethyl-4-chlorine-acetoacetate) was carried out and the formation of the corresponding pyran derivatives was observed The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor compounds recorded as important therapeutic drugs for the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease. Also, novel complexes effectively inhibited AChE enzyme, with Ki values in the range of 4.56 to 8.21μM. For this enzyme, it was obtained with IC₅₀ values in the range of 4.04 to 9.85μM. For α-glycosidase enzyme the most effective Ki values were for I and II compounds with Ki values of 31.48 and 32.63μM, resp. The mol. docking study was employed to investigate of chem. activities and interaction of synthesized compounds with low Ki in the presence of AChE, butyrylcholinesterase, and α-Glycosidase. The results revealed that some of the compounds, like compound III have a good binding affinity to AChE with a docking score of -6.243 (kcal/mol). This compound can affect the enzyme activity by attachment to essential residues of the catalytic domain of the enzyme. The ADME/T anal. was also performed and revealed that compounds have the potential to be utilized as medicine. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Product Details of 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Product Details of 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemically-Crosslinked Xylan/Graphene Oxide Composite Hydrogel for Copper Ions Removal was written by Sun, Xiao-Feng;Xie, Yangyang;Shan, Shuang;Li, Wenbo;Sun, Le. And the article was included in Journal of Polymers and the Environment in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The chem.-crosslinked composite hydrogel based on acylated xylan and silanized graphene oxide was prepared via free radical polymerization as a novel adsorbent for the removal of Cu²⁺ ions from aqueous solution The chem. structures and morphologies of the silanized graphene oxide and acylated xylan as well as the prepared hydrogels were characterized by FT-IR, XPS, SEM and TEM. The swelling ratios of the prepared hydrogels were determined, and the results showed that the chem.-crosslinked hydrogel was pH-sensitive, and the swelling kinetics of the hydrogels followed Schott second-order kinetic. The optimum pH for the adsorption of Cu²⁺ ions onto the chem.-crosslinked composite hydrogel was found at the value of 5 and the maximum adsorption amount of Cu²⁺ ions was evaluated to be 228 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm accorded with the Freundlich model, and the pseudo-second order kinetic model was suitable to describe the adsorption process. The study of adsorption thermodn. indicated that the adsorption of Cu²⁺ ions onto the chem.-crosslinked composite hydrogel was endothermal and spontaneous, and the adsorption amount rose with an increase in temperature In addition, higher desorption percentages of Cu²⁺ ions from the used hydrogel were also achieved (77.3% after recycling for 6 times). All obtained results indicated that the prepared chem.-crosslinked hydrogel is promising for water treatment and collection of metal ions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Syntheses, structure and properties of a new series of organic-inorganic Hg-based halides: adjusting halogens resulted in huge performance mutations was written by Yang, Can;Liu, Xian;Teng, Chunlin;Wu, Qi;Liang, Fei. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Three new organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (OIHP) halides, [N(CH₃)₄]HgCl_0.63Br_2.37 (i), [N(CH₃)₄]HgBrI₂ (ii) and [N(CH₃)₄]HgCl_0.45I_2.55 (iii), were synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction. They feature different crystal structures, in which both ii and iii are isomorphic and contain a one-dimensional chain with organic cation [N(CH₃)₄]⁺ interspersed in the space, whereas ii has a similar one-dimensional chain but significantly different spatial arrangement due to the enhanced hydrogen bond interaction. The divergent second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) effect from Br(Cl) to i and the arrangement of anion groups change dramatically from the presence of hydrogen bonds to the absence of hydrogen bonds, leading to a sharply increased NLO response of ii and iii (18 and 25 times that of I) compared with that of I. Moreover, the phase matching ability disappeared and the band gap decreased significantly. Meanwhile, a high temperature phase transition was observed in ii and iii, which is rare in common OIHPs. All these results indicate that the regulation of halogen bonds plays a crucial role in the structural and property mutations of OIHP halides. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.HPLC of Formula: 75-57-0

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ion partitioning and ion size effects on streaming field and energy conversion efficiency in a soft nanochannel was written by Kundu, Dipankar;Bhattacharyya, S.;Gopmandal, Partha P.. And the article was included in Colloid and Polymer Science in 2022.Recommanded Product: Lithium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Numerical modeling on streaming field and electroviscous effect in a soft nanochannel is made by considering the finite ion size and ion partitioning effects. The standard electrokinetic model is modified by incorporating the finite ion size effect and the effect of ion partitioning, which arises due to the difference in dielec. permittivity between the electrolyte and wall grafted polyelectrolyte layer (PEL). Such modification in the ion transport equations enable us to consider higher range of wall charge d. as well as higher volumetric charge d. of the PEL. The dielec. permittivity of the PEL may become lower due to the large accumulation of counterions drawn by the PEL immobile charges. The ion steric repulsion is taken into account through the BMCSL (Boublik-Mansoori-Carnahan-Starling-Leland) equation based on the hard-sphere model of ions. This enables to consider different ion sizes, which arise when a mixture of different salts is considered. The governing equations are solved numerically and the streaming field is determined iteratively. We find that the ion steric interactions and ion partitioning effects create a counterion saturation This leads to a reduction in the counterion condensation of the PEL when the PEL and wall are similarly charged, which results in higher streaming field and energy conversion efficiency. The diffuse PEL of pore size in the order of the channel half height creates higher energy efficiency compared to the channel consisting of rigid walls. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Recommanded Product: Lithium chloride).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Recommanded Product: Lithium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tailor-Made POLITAG-Pd⁰ Catalyst for the Low-Loading Mizoroki-Heck Reaction in γ-Valerolactone as a Safe Reaction Medium was written by Valentini, Federica;Carpisassi, Luigi;Comes, Adrien;Aprile, Carmela;Vaccaro, Luigi. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2022.Related Products of 13820-53-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this contribution, we have reported our study on the fine-tuned design and synthesis of new POLITAGs-Pd⁰ (POLymeric Ionic TAG) catalytic systems with the intention of defining highly efficient heterogeneous palladium catalysts stabilized by ionic tags able to operate at a very low loading while being fully recoverable/reusable. By varying both the support and the ratio between the metal and immobilized ionic tag, we have accessed five different heterogeneous catalytic systems that have been fully characterized (EA, XPS, TEM, and HR-TEM) to investigate their morphol. differences. The catalytic efficiency of the newly prepared POLITAGs-Pd⁰ materials was then tested and compared in the representative Mizoroki-Heck cross-coupling reaction, a universally investigated and widely useful process. A close correlation between the catalyst support and catalytic performances has been highlighted. The best system POLITAG-Pd⁰-HM features a high TOF value (26,786 h^-1), affording the final products in high isolated yields by using as little as only 0.0007 mol % of Pd. Moreover, this high catalytic activity coupled with the use of γ-valerolactone (GVL) as a green reaction medium has led to the definition of a very efficient waste-minimized protocol. The newly designed catalyst has been utilized in the representative synthesis of Amiloxate, a widely used sunscreen agent, that could be prepared with negligible metal contamination and very low E-factor. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Related Products of 13820-53-6).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Related Products of 13820-53-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics