Month: November 2022

Dichlororesorufin-Based Colorimetric and Fluorescent Probe for Ultrasensitive Detection of Mercury Ions in Living Cells and Zebrafish was written by Duan, Qingxia;Lv, Xiaoyu;Liu, Caiyun;Geng, Zhuofan;Zhang, Fenfen;Sheng, Wenlong;Wang, Zuokai;Jia, Pan;Li, Zilu;Zhu, Hanchuang;Zhu, Baocun. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2019.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this work, a simple dichlororesorufin-based colorimetric and fluorescent probe R-Hg with the recognition receptor of carbonothioate was designed, synthesized, and exploited to determine mercury ions in aqueous solution and living cells as well as in zebrafish. After a series of anal. tests, probe R-Hg showed some excellent characteristics, such as ultrasensitivity, high selectivity, and good water solubility The probe solution exhibited a very large fluorescence enhancement (about 150-fold) upon addition of Hg²⁺. Addnl., probe R-Hg exhibited excellent sensitivity, which could quantificationally detect Hg²⁺ at the nanomolar level, and the detection limit was 0.49 nM. Moreover, probe R-Hg could be used as a “naked-eye” probe for monitoring Hg²⁺, because the color of its solution transformed remarkably from yellow into pink with the participation of Hg²⁺. Importantly, probe R-Hg has potential application value and has been successfully applied to the determination of Hg²⁺ in practical water samples and in living RAW 264.7 cells as well as in zebrafish as a bioimaging reagent. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Influence of serum concentration and surface functionalization on the protein adsorption to mesoporous silica nanoparticles was written by Lin, Chih-Yu;Yang, Chia-Min;Linden, Mika. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2019.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A study of a protein corona on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) at in vitro and in vivo relevant serum concentrations is presented. Three MSNs different in terms of mesoscopic pore arrangement, surface chem. and surface roughness were studied. After incubation in either 10% or 100% serum, the hard protein corona-particle complexes were collected and analyzed by DLS, zeta-potential, and TGA, and the corona proteins were analyzed with SDS-PAGE. A good correlation between SDS-PAGE and TG results in terms of total amounts of proteins adsorbed was established. The results demonstrated that more proteins, especially apolipoproteins, were associated with the particles at higher serum concentration regardless of surface chem. and morphol. differences. Also, the mean mol. weight of the adsorbed proteins was clearly lower under full serum conditions modeling in vivo conditions as compared to under dilute conditions modeling in vitro conditions, but functionalization of the MSNs by carboxylic acid functionalities reduced protein adsorption. The influence of the structural characteristics of the MSNs on the protein adsorption was minor. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 122-18-9Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 122-18-9) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deep eutectic solvents boosting solubilization and Se-functionalization of heteropolysaccharide: Multiple hydrogen bonds modulation was written by Sun, Yaxu;Jia, Xiaoyan;Yang, Ru;Qin, Xiaojie;Zhou, Xiaoxue;Zhang, Hui;Kong, Weibao;Zhang, Ji;Wang, Junlong. And the article was included in Carbohydrate Polymers in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Tetramethylammonium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, the favorable feasibility of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in solubilization and functionalization of natural heteropolysaccharide was validated by experiments and d. functional theory calculations This revealed that choline chloride-based DES/DMSO (DMSO) binary mixed solvents possessed more and stronger hydrogen bonding sites, facilitating the balance between disruption and reconstruction of hydrogen bonds within branched heteropolysaccharide from Artemisia sphaerocephala (PAS) and achieving efficient solubilization. Further, due to the full exposure and activation of polysaccharide hydroxyls, the efficiency of DES/DMSO-mediated novel Se-functionalization was substantially enhanced compared to the conventional selenylation methods. The derivative exhibited conversion to lower mol. mass with rigid solution conformation based on co-solvent effect and predominant acidic environment influence. This study offered a framework for exploring the potential of individualized polysaccharide functionalization by modulating DES constituents to achieve multiple controls in terms of conversion efficiency and derivative structure. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Application In Synthesis of Tetramethylammonium chloride).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application In Synthesis of Tetramethylammonium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Emulsion ionic liquid membrane using edible paraffin oil for lead removal from aqueous solutions was written by Khadivi, Miaad;Javanbakht, Vahid. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2020.Product Details of 5137-55-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

For a variety of reasons, such as high selectivity, easy control, easy reduction, and environmental compatibility, there is the high potential for the use of emulsion ionic liquid membranes (EILM) has been expanded. The edible oils have great potential for using in food industry extraction processes. Edible paraffin used for this purpose is less toxic and more cost-effective than other membranes. The technique of EILM based on edible oils was used as a chem. process for Pb²⁺ recovery from aqueous solution, using Aliquat 336 as an ionic liquid carrier and the ionic transport agent for Pb2+ ions in the membrane phase. The Tween 80 as a dispersive non-ionic surfactant was used for the emulsion formation. The kinetics and effective parameters on the membrane process performance were investigated. The results showed that factors such as the ratio of the internal phase to the organic phase, the concentration of ion carrier material, the surfactant concentration, and pH increasing had a pos. effect on metal separation efficiency. The maximum lead separation was performed for 3 and 10μL of Aliquat 336 and Tween 80, resp., in 20 mL of the organic phase. A removal percentage of 95% was achieved for 5 mg/L of lead in the feed phase. Using edible oil in this study was successfully developed to reduce the need for toxic organic solvents in preparing EILM for heavy metal solution treatment. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3Product Details of 5137-55-3).

N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Product Details of 5137-55-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cation selectivity of activated carbon and nickel hexacyanoferrate electrode materials in capacitive deionization: A comparison study was written by Chen, Tsai-Hsuan;Cuong, Dinh Viet;Jang, Yunjai;Khu, Ngee-Zhen;Chung, Eunhyea;Hou, Chia-Hung. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2022.Formula: ClLi The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, the electrosorption selectivity of porous activated carbon (AC) and nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF), which represent two working mechanisms of capacitive electrosorption and redox intercalation, was investigated to sep. cations in capacitive deionization (CDI). The cyclic voltammetry diagrams of AC showed the rectangular shape of double-layer charging, while that of NiHCF showed separated peaks associated with redox reactions. The specific capacitance of NiHCF was 143.6 F/g in 1 M NaCl, which was almost two times higher than that of AC. Cation selectivity experiments were conducted in single-pass CDI for a multi-cation solution The electrosorption preference of the AC cathode was determined by a counterbalance between the ionic charge and hydrated size, reflecting the selectivity coefficient of different cations over Na⁺ in the range of 0.86-2.63. For the NiHCF cathode, the cation selectivity was mainly dominated by the hydrated radius and redox activity. Notably, high selectivities of K⁺/Na⁺ ≈ 3.57, Na⁺/Ca²⁺ ≈ 9.97, and Na⁺/Mg²⁺ ≈ 18.92 were obtained. A significant improvement in the electrosorption capacity and monovalent ion selectivity can be achieved by utilizing the NiHCF electrode. The study demonstrates the fundamental aspects and promising opportunities of CDI in regard to ion selectivity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Formula: ClLi).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Formula: ClLi

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Porous aromatic frameworks with high Pd nanoparticles loading as efficient catalysts for the Suzuki coupling reaction was written by You, Bingxin;Tian, Yuyang;Wang, Baolin;Zhu, Guangshan. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2022.Electric Literature of Cl4Na2Pd The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The development of efficient and recyclable heterogeneous Pd catalysts is an area of continuing attention due to their critical applications in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical production In this study, two novel heterogeneous catalysts Pd@PAF-182 and Pd@PAF-183 were prepared by the immobilization/NaBH4 reduction of PdCl2-4 on hydrophilic cationic porous aromatic frameworks (PAF-182 and PAF-183), which were synthesized via a Yamamoto-type Ullmann coupling reaction from the corresponding aryl quaternary phosphonium salt monomer. Characterization by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), solid-state Cross-Polarization Magic-Angle-Spinning NMR (CP/MAS NMR), XPS, SEM, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) established the structures of the as-prepared catalysts. Inductively coupled plasma at. emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) detection showed that the loading of Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) were 29.4 wt% for Pd@PAF-182 and 37.5 wt% for Pd@PAF-183, much higher than those of similar porous materials. Evaluation of the catalytic activity of the Pd@PAFs using Suzuki coupling as the model reaction demonstrated that as little as 0.12 mol% of Pd NPs could catalyze the Suzuki coupling with high efficiency, achieving yields up to 99% at 80 °C in 8 h. Recycling experiments also suggested that Pd@PAF-182 and Pd@PAF-183 maintained high catalytic activity with negligible leaching of Pd NPs after five cycles. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Electric Literature of Cl4Na2Pd).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Electric Literature of Cl4Na2Pd

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Simple ammonium salts acting on sigma-1 receptors yield potential treatments for cancer and depression was written by Brimson, James M.;Akula, Kiran K.;Abbas, Haider;Ferry, David R.;Kulkarni, Shrinivas K.;Russell, Steven T.;Tisdale, Michael J.;Tencomnao, Tewin;Safrany, Stephen T.. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2020.SDS of cas: 5137-55-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors are emerging therapeutic targets. We have identified that simple ammonium salts bind to these receptors and are effective in vivo. MTS assays were performed to determine their effect on growth in MCF7 and MDA-MB-486 cells. Anticancer properties were tested in NMRI mice transplanted with a fragment of mouse adenocarcinoma (MAC13). Antidepressant activity was tested using the forced-swim test and tail suspension tests. Dipentylammonium (K_i 43 nM), tripentylammonium (K_i 15 nM) and trihexylammonium (K_i 9 nM) showed high affinity for the sigma-1 receptor. Dioctanoylammonium had the highest affinity (K₅₀ 0.05 nM); this also showed the highest affinity for sigma-2 receptors (K_i 13 nM). Dipentylammonium was found to have antidepressant activity in vivo. Branched-chain ammonium salts showed lower affinity. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)ammonium (K₅₀ 29μM), triisopentylammonium (K₅₀ 196μM) and dioctanoylammonium showed a low Hill slope, and fitted a 2-site binding model for the sigma-1 receptor. We propose this two-site binding can be used to biochem. define a sigma-1 receptor antagonist. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)ammonium and triisopentylammonium were able to inhibit the growth of tumors in vivo. Cheap, simple ammonium salts act as sigma-1 receptor agonists and antagonists in vivo and require further investigation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3SDS of cas: 5137-55-3).

N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.SDS of cas: 5137-55-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enhanced removal of Cr(VI) by polymer inclusion membrane based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) and Aliquat 336 was written by Sellami, Ferhat;Kebiche-Senhadji, Ounissa;Marais, Stephane;Colasse, Laurent;Fatyeyeva, Kateryna. And the article was included in Separation and Purification Technology in 2020.Application In Synthesis of N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

New polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) (polymer matrix), tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) (ion carrier) and 2-nitrophenyloctylether (2NPOE) (plasticizer) were successfully elaborated by casting evaporation method and used in selectively facilitated transport of Cr(VI) ions in an acidic aqueous medium. Obtained PIMs are dense and homogeneous and are characterized by intermol. interactions of the membrane components (i.e. polymer matrix, ion carrier and plasticizer). The presence of ion carrier and plasticizer enhances the membrane flexibility and its hydrophilic character. The decrease of the PVDF m.p. is ascribed to the strong electrostatic interactions between liquid compounds (i.e. ion carrier and plasticizer) and polymer chains. PVDF-based PIM with only 20 wt% of Aliquat 336 ensures almost complete transport of Cr(VI) ions from the donor to acceptor phase. Moreover, the addition of 5 wt% of plasticizer significantly increases the transport flux. Also, Cr(VI) ions are selectively recovered (∼97%) from a mixture containing other heavy metal ions (Cd(II), Pb(II), Fe(III), Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II)) with such PIM. Elaborated PVDF-based PIMs reveal improved transport properties compared to other polymer-based PIMs, exhibiting high stability (more than 190 h) and lifetime durability and so they are suitable for long term application. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3Application In Synthesis of N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride).

N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Application In Synthesis of N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Toward the Rational Design of Sustainable Hair Dyes Using Cheminformatics Approaches: Step 1. Database Development and Analysis was written by Williams, Tova N.;Kuenemann, Melaine A.;Van Den Driessche, George A.;Williams, Antony J.;Fourches, Denis;Freeman, Harold S.. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2018.SDS of cas: 95-88-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Herein, we report on the initial step of the design process of new hair dyes with the desired properties. The first step is dedicated to the development of the largest, publicly available database of hair dye substances (containing temporary and semipermanent hair dyes as well as permanent hair dye precursors) used in com. hair dye formulations. The database was utilized to perform a cheminformatics study assessing the computed physicochem. properties of the different hair dye substances, especially within each cluster of structurally similar dyes. The various substances could be differentiated based on their average mol. weight, hydrophobicity, topol. polar surface area, and number of hydrogen bond acceptors, with some overlap also observed In particular, we found that dyes such as C.I. Basic Orange 1 and 2 were clustered among the precursors, suggesting that their diffusion behavior is similar to that of permanent hair dye precursors. We anticipate taking advantage of this interesting knowledge in the second design phase of our investigation. As a step in that direction, we used QSAR models and noted that 65% of the substances were predicted to be mutagenic (22 with confidence thresholds >90%), whereas 79% were predicted to be skin sensitizers (37 with confidence thresholds >90%). We discuss the relevance of these preliminary calculations in view of literature-extracted exptl. data. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5SDS of cas: 95-88-5).

4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.SDS of cas: 95-88-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Vanadium recovery by electrodialysis using polymer inclusion membranes was written by Qin, Zihan;Wang, Yuzhen;Sun, Liang;Gu, Yuanxiang;Zhao, Yan;Xia, Lei;Liu, Yang;Van der Bruggen, Bart;Zhang, Yang. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2022.Safety of N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Industrial applications and environmental awareness recently prompted vanadium recovery spell from secondary resources. In this work, a polymer inclusion membrane containing trioctylmethylammonium chloride as carrier was successfully employed in electrodialysis for vanadium recovery from acidic sulfate solutions The permeability coefficient of V(V) increased from 0.29μm·s^-1 (without elec. field) to 4.10μm·s^-1 (with the 20 mA·cm^-2 c.d.). The transport performance of VO₂SO^–4, which was the predominant species containing V(V) in the acidic region (pH <3), was influenced by the aqueous pH value and sulfate concentration Under an elec. field, a low concentrated H₂SO₄ solution (0.2 M) effectively stripped V(V) from the membranes, avoiding the requirement of a highly concentrated H₂SO₄ without elec. field. Under the optimum conditions, the permeability coefficient and flux reached 6.80μm·s^-1 and 13.34μmol·m^-2·s^-1, resp. High selectivity was observed for the separation of V(V) and Mo(VI) from mixed solutions of Co (II), Ni (II), Mn (II), and Al (III). Addnl., the separation between Mo(VI) and V(V) was further improved by adjusting the acidity of the stripping solution The V(V) selectivity for the resulting membrane was higher than that of com. anion exchange membranes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3Safety of N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride).

N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can be used in production of: PVC, pesticides, chloromethane, teflon, insulators. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Safety of N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics