Month: November 2022

A sensitive nanodrop method for the micro-level determination of cationic surfactant methyltrioctylammonium chloride (MTOAC) in biological fluids and environmental samples was written by Gupta, Saurabh Kumar;Tapadia, Kavita;Sharma, Ashima. And the article was included in Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society in 2021.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, a rapid, sensitive and novel nanodrop spectrometric approach is used for the trace level determination of cationic surfactant methyltrioctylammonium chloride (MTOAC) based on the reaction of Mo(III)-SCN^– complex with MTOAC in acidic condition. The molar absorptivity of red-colored Mo(III)-SCN^– complex was enhanced in the presence of MTOAC that is attributed to a hyperchromic shift. The absorptivity value of the complex with respect to MTOAC is 9.8 x 10⁴ L mol^-1 cm^-1 at λ_max 415 nm. The quality parameters show the good anal. performance of the proposed method with detection limit (LOD) of 8.3 x 10^-3 mg L^-1 and limit of quantitation of 2.7 x 10^-2 mg L^-1. The calibration curve for MTOAC determination obeys Beer’s law with the concentration limit of 0.05-0.40 mg L^-1 and determination coefficient (R²) 0.9992 along with slope and intercept 9.5 and 0.002, resp. The proposed NDS method has been applied successfully in different environmental and biol. samples for the determination of MTOAC. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deciphering a novel chloramphenicols resistance mechanism: Oxidative inactivation of the propanediol pharmacophore was written by Zhang, Jiayu;Yang, Chao;Hu, Jiahui;Zhang, Yiting;Lai, Yuezheng;Gong, Hongri;Guo, Fangliang;Li, Xiaoyan;Ye, Lin;Li, Bing. And the article was included in Water Research in 2022.Safety of Lithium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Expanding knowledge about new types of antibiotic resistance genes is of great significance in dealing with the global antibiotic resistance crisis. Herein, a novel oxidoreductase capO was discovered to be responsible for oxidative inactivation of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. The antibiotic resistance mechanism was comprehensively deciphered using multi-omics and multiscale computational approaches. A 66,383 bp DNA fragment carrying capO was shared among four chloramphenicol-resistant strains, and the co-occurrence of capO with a mobile genetic element cluster revealed its potential mobility among different taxa. Metagenomic anal. of 772 datasets indicated that chloramphenicol was the crucial driving factor for the development and accumulation of capO in activated sludge bioreactors treating antibiotic production wastewater. Therefore, we should pay sufficient attention to its possible prevalence and transfer to pathogens, especially in some hotspot environments contaminated with high concentrations of chloramphenicols. This finding significantly expands our knowledge boundary about chloramphenicols resistance mechanisms. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Safety of Lithium chloride).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Safety of Lithium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comb-Like Poly(Ether-Sulfone) Membranes Derived from Planar 6,12-Diaryl-5,11-Dihydroindolo[3,2-b]Carbazole Monomer for Alkaline Fuel Cells was written by Zuo, Peipei;Su, Yumiao;Li, Wenmu. And the article was included in Macromolecular Rapid Communications in 2016.Application of 6294-17-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Highly conductive anion exchange membranes (AEMs), along with the ability to suppress swelling, are critical but challenging requirements for alk. fuel cell applications. To achieve this criterion, a series of poly(ether sulfone)s (PESFs) with flexible alkyl imidazolium pendants attached directly on large planar 6,12-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (DCP) units is reported. The planar DCP units stabilize the hydrophobic phase through strong π-π interactions and also facilitate the formation of ionic conducting channels through self assembly of hydrophilic pendants. The AEM prepared here, based on rational design, has a relatively low ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 1.86 × 10^-3 mol g^-1 and exhibits high hydroxide ion (OH^–) conductivity of 101 × 10^-3 S cm^-1, a low swelling ratio of 9.3% and a water uptake of 39.6%. Furthermore, the AEMs reported in this paper have excellent stability in 1 M NaOH solution at 80°C over 500 h. Therefore, the synthesized polymers offer a new insight into the design of high performance materials for AEMs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Application of 6294-17-3).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Application of 6294-17-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Targeting prostate cancer with compounds possessing dual activity as androgen receptor antagonists and HDAC6 inhibitors was written by Jadhavar, Pradeep S.;Ramachandran, Sreekanth A.;Riquelme, Eduardo;Gupta, Ashu;Quinn, Kevin P.;Shivakumar, Devleena;Ray, Soumya;Zende, Dnyaneshwar;Nayak, Anjan K.;Miglani, Sandeep K.;Sathe, Balaji D.;Raja, Mohd.;Farias, Olivia;Alfaro, Ivan;Belmar, Sebastian;Guerrero, Javier;Bernales, Sebastian;Chakravarty, Sarvajit;Hung, David T.;Lindquist, Jeffrey N.;Rai, Roopa. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2016.Synthetic Route of C6H12BrCl The following contents are mentioned in the article:

While enzalutamide and abiraterone are approved for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), approx. 20-40% of patients have no response to these agents. It has been stipulated that the lack of response and the development of secondary resistance to these drugs may be due to the presence of AR splice variants. HDAC6 has a role in regulating the androgen receptor (AR) by modulating heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) acetylation, which controls the nuclear localization and activation of the AR in androgen-dependent and independent scenarios. With dual-acting AR-HDAC6 inhibitors it should be possible to target patients who don’t respond to enzalutamide. Herein, the authors describe the design, synthesis and biol. evaluation of dual-acting compounds which target AR and are also specific towards HDAC6. The efforts led to compound I which was found to have potent dual activity (HDAC6 IC₅₀ = 0.0356 μM and AR binding IC₅₀ = <0.03 μM). Compound I was further evaluated for antagonist and other cell-based activities, in vitro stability and pharmacokinetics. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3Synthetic Route of C6H12BrCl).

1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane (cas: 6294-17-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Synthetic Route of C6H12BrCl

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cement-and-pebble nanofluidic membranes with stable acid resistance as osmotic energy generators was written by Zhao, Yifei;Xin, Weiwen;Qian, Yongchao;Zhang, Zhehua;Wu, Yadong;Lin, Xiangbin;Kong, Xiang-Yu;Jiang, Lei;Wen, Liping. And the article was included in Science China Materials in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Osmotic energy between river water and seawater has attracted interest as a new source of sustainable energy. Nanofluidic membranes in a reverse electrodialysis configuration can capture energy from salinity gradients. However, current membrane materials suffer from high resistances, low stabilities, and low charge densities, which limit their further application. Here, we designed a high-performance nanofluidic membrane using carboxylic cellulose nanofibers functionalized with graphene oxide nanolamellas with cement-and-pebble microstructures and stable skeletons for enhanced ion transmembrane transport. By mixing artificial river water and seawater, the composite membrane achieved a high output power d. up to 5.26 W m^-2. Addnl., the membrane had an excellent acid resistance, which enabled long-term use with over 67 W m^-2 of power d. The performance of this composite membrane benefited from the mech. strong cellulose fibers and the bonding between nanofibers and nanolamellas. In this work, we highlight promising directions in industrial waste treatment using energy extracted from chem. potential gradients. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Excellent antitumor and antimetastatic activities based on novel coumarin/pyrazole oxime hybrids was written by Dai, Hong;Huang, Meiling;Qian, Jianqiang;Liu, Ji;Meng, Chi;Li, Yangyang;Ming, Guxu;Zhang, Ting;Wang, Senling;Shi, Yujun;Yao, Yong;Ge, Shushan;Zhang, Yanan;Ling, Yong. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Recommanded Product: 4-Chlororesorcinol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A series of hybridsbased on coumarin/pyrazole oxime I (n = 1, 2; R = 3-F, 4-I, 2-CH₃, etc.) have been synthesized, and exhibited good to excellent antitumor activities. Compound I (n = 2; R = 4-Cl) has shown remarkable anticancer effect on SMMC-7721 cells (IC₅₀ = 2.08 μM), which is considerably lower than 5-FU (IC₅₀ = 37.8 μM) and similar to ADM (IC₅₀ = 2.67 μM), with little effect on normal hepatic cells LO2. Notably, the suppression experiments of metastatic activities reveal that I (n = 2; R = 4-Cl) also displays significant anti-metastasis effects through inhibiting cell migration and invasion in highly metastatic SMMC-7721 cell line, and dose-dependently reverses TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) procedure better than ADM. Finally, I (n = 2; R = 4-Cl) also possesses low acute toxicity and potent tumor growth inhibitory property against SMMC-7721 cell lines in vivo. These findings suggest that novel coumarin/pyrazole oxime hybrids are promising therapeutic agent candidates for further research. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5Recommanded Product: 4-Chlororesorcinol).

4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Recommanded Product: 4-Chlororesorcinol

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Molecular Modelling, Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Novel 3-Arylazo-thieno[3,2-b]pyranone for Photovoltaic Application was written by Elseman, Ahmed M.;Radwan, Ahmed S.;Makhlouf, Mohamed M.;Rashad, Mohamed M.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of General Chemistry in 2022.Recommanded Product: 638-07-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Three 3-arylazo-thieno[3,2-b]pyranone dyes HTM1-3 have been synthesized by cyclocondensation of Et 2-arylazo-(2-phenylthiocarbamoyl)acetate derivatives with Et 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate in ethanolic sodium ethoxide solution ¹R, ¹H and, ¹³C NMR, and mass spectra have confirmed the structure of dyes. The impact of substituents (Me, methoxy and chloride) on phys., chem. and optoelectronic properties of the synthesized dyes has been studied. Optical properties such as extinction coefficient, photoluminescence and optical bandgap of thin films have been studied. The optical energy gap has been computed in the range of 1.97- 2.18 eV. Thermal anal., mol. modeling and electronic energy levels have been investigated. Typically, these small mols. exhibit promising charge carrier mobility and are proposed to be strong candidates for p-type semiconductors (hole transport layer). Overall, because of their excellent optical absorption, appropriate energy-level alignment and favorable mol. packing, the prepared thienopyran materials could be a good choice for solar cell applications and light-harvesting capacity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Recommanded Product: 638-07-3).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Recommanded Product: 638-07-3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Atom-dispersed copper and nano-palladium in the boron-carbon-nitrogen matric cooperate to realize the efficient purification of nitrate wastewater and the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia was written by Zhao, Xue;Jia, Xiuxiu;Zhang, Haibo;Zhou, Xiaohai;Chen, Xiao;Wang, Huaisheng;Hu, Xun;Xu, Jian;Zhou, Yingtang;Zhang, Hucai;Hu, Guangzhi. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2022.Recommanded Product: 13820-53-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Electrochem. nitrate reduction reaction (NIRR) driven by sustainable energy is not only expected to realize the green production of ammonia under ambient conditions, but also a promising way to purify nitrate wastewater. The ammonia yield rate and Faradaic efficiency of NIRR catalyzed by Pd₁₀Cu/BCN constructed with structural constraints and pre-embedded reducing agent strategies were as high as 102,153 μg h^-1 mg^-1cat. and 91.47%, resp. Pd₁₀Cu/BCN can remove nearly 100% of 50 mg L-1 NO₃^– without NO₂^– residue within 10 h, and the realization of this effect does not require the participation of any chloride. Control experiments and DFT calculations explain the efficient operation mechanism of NIRR on Pd₁₀Cu/BCN, where the Pd and CuN₄ sites play the role of synergistic catalysis. Compared with the reported literature, Pd10Cu/BCN with good biocompatibility has become an outstanding representative of NIRR catalyst, which provides an alternative way for the green production of ammonia and the purification of nitrate wastewater. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Recommanded Product: 13820-53-6).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Recommanded Product: 13820-53-6

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pd immobilized on EDTA-modified cellulose: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application in inter- and intramolecular Heck reactions and Larock reactions was written by Xu, Zhian;Xu, Jinxi;Zhou, Yuping;Huang, Yuling;Li, Yiqun. And the article was included in Research on Chemical Intermediates in 2022.Quality Control of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pd immobilized on EDTA-modified cellulose (Pd@Cell-EDTA) was successfully prepared through sequential procedure of esterification of cellulose with EDTA (EDTA) dianhydride and metathesis with PdCl₂. The as-synthesized Pd@Cell-EDTA was well characterized by ICP-AES, FTIR, SEM, EDX, elemental mapping, TEM, and XPS tools. TEM revealed that spherical Pd nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed on the surface of Cell-EDTA with a narrow size of about 5 nm and the Pd content in fresh Pd@Cell-EDTA catalyst was determined to be 0.10 mmol/g by ICP-AES. Due to the regulation of multidentate sites of EDTA, the immobilized Pd exhibited high catalytic activity in the inter- and intramol. Heck reactions and heteroannulation Larock reactions to afford the desired products in excellent yields (66-97%). The catalyst recycling experiments for the model Heck reaction showed that the catalyst can be reused at least four consecutive runs with a slight drop in its catalytic activity. This catalyst proved its practical applications in the form of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond for synthesis of diverse arylated alkenes and indoles. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Quality Control of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Quality Control of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, in vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of a series of artemisinin-triazine hybrids and hybrid-dimers was written by Cloete, Theunis T.;de Kock, Carmen;Smith, Peter J.;N’Da, David D.. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.COA of Formula: C9H6Cl2N4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A series of artemisinin-triazine hybrids and hybrid-dimers were synthesized and their in vitro antimalarial activity against the chloroquine sensitive (CQS), the gametocytocidal (NF54) and the chloroquine resistant (CQR) Dd2 strains of Plasmodium falciparum determined, while their toxicity against CHO cells were also established. These compounds were prepared by linking artemisinin and triazine pharmacophores through nucleophilic substitution, using conventional and microwave-assisted methods. These hybrids and hybrid-dimers were all found to be active against all three Plasmodium strains, with the p-anisidino-substituted triazine hybrid-dimer being the most active of all. It showed good antigametocytocidal activity against the NF54 strain, with a 50% inhibitory concentration value in the nanomolar range, while having a potency comparable to that of artesunate against the Dd2 strain. This hybrid-dimer further demonstrated selective toxicity towards the parasitic cells. This dimer hence showed the necessary potential as candidate for further investigation in the search for malaria transmission blocking drugs so desperately needed. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,6-Dichloro-N-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (cas: 2272-40-4COA of Formula: C9H6Cl2N4).

4,6-Dichloro-N-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (cas: 2272-40-4) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.COA of Formula: C9H6Cl2N4

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics