Month: November 2022

Microwave synthesis of single-phase nanoparticles made of multi-principal element alloys was written by Wu, Siyu;Liu, Yuzi;Ren, Yang;Wei, Qilin;Sun, Yugang. And the article was included in Nano Research in 2022.Computed Properties of Cl4Na2Pd The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Metal nanoparticles of multi-principal element alloys (MPEA) with a single crystalline phase have been synthesized by flash heating/cooling of nanosized metals encapsulated in micelle vesicles dispersed in an oil phase (e.g., cyclohexane). Flash heating is realized by selective absorption of a microwave pulse in metals to rapidly heat metals into uniform melts. The oil phase barely absorbs microwave and maintains the low temperature, which can rapidly quench the high-temperature metal melts to enable the flash cooling process. The precursor ions of four metals, including Au, Pt, Pd, and Cu, can be simultaneously reduced by hydrazine in the aqueous solution encapsulated in the micelle vesicles. The resulting metals efficiently absorb microwave energy to locally reach a temperature high enough to melt themselves into a uniform mixture The duration of microwave pulse is crucial to ensure the reduced metals mix uniformly, while the temperature of oil phase is still low to rapidly quench the metals and freeze the single-phase crystalline lattices in alloy nanoparticles. The microwave-enabled flash heating/cooling provides a new method to synthesize single-phase MPEA nanoparticles of many metal combinations when the appropriate water-in-oil micelle systems and the appropriate reduction reactions of metal precursors are available. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Computed Properties of Cl4Na2Pd).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Computed Properties of Cl4Na2Pd

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Extrasmall ligand-free Pt nanoparticles as dual-function catalysts for methanol-assisted water splitting systems was written by Lu, Linfang;Gu, Yuelin;Guo, Weiyi;Lu, Fengyan;Li, Yunxia. And the article was included in ACS Applied Nano Materials in 2022.Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The synthesis of ultrasmall-sized nanoparticles (NPs) has attracted serious attention in the past several years because of the largely increased surface-to-volume ratio of these NPs. Ligands are necessarily used to synthesize these NPs. However, the traditional ligands employed in the colloidal synthesis process would be strongly adsorbed on the surface of the metal NPs, leading to incomplete exposure of catalytically active sites. Here, we develop an efficient solid-state method to synthesize carbon-supported extra-small ligand-free Pt nanoparticles (Pt SNPs/C) or Pd SNPs/C on a large scale (up to gram equivalent). The strong interfacial interaction between the modified carbon support and inorganometallic precursor is believed to successfully prepare this Pt SNPs/C catalyst. In particular, the fabricated Pt SNPs/C catalyst is ligand-free, which is carefully verified by different techniques (thermogravimetric anal., XPS, and “electrochem. surface area (ECSA)” measurement). Because of the higher ECSA, Pt SNPs/C exhibits better catalytic activities toward methanol oxidation and hydrogen evolution than com. Pt/C. By applying the catalyst as both the anode and cathode in a methanol-assisted water splitting system, the cell displays much better efficiency to produce highly valued hydrogen compared to that of com. Pt/C components. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Safety of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Study on the performance of solar interfacial evaporation for high-efficiency liquid desiccant regeneration was written by Wu, Dongxu;Cui, Qi;Gao, Yuanzhi;Dai, Zhaofeng;Chen, Bo;Wang, Changling;Zhang, Xiaosong. And the article was included in Energy (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2022.Computed Properties of ClLi The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Liquid desiccant air conditioning system (LDAS) was considered a promising air conditioning system due to the advantages of low-grade heat utilization, effective humidity control and environment-friendly. The performance of LDAS significantly depends on the heat and mass transfer components, namely dehumidifier and regenerator, while the regeneration process of traditional regenerator is energy-inefficient. Inspired by the high-efficiency solar interfacial evaporation which can produce drinking water from seawater, this method was introduced in this work for liquid desiccant regeneration to overcome the inefficiency of the regeneration process. Wood was prepared as the regenerator by alkali-assisted method and surface carbonization. The regeneration performance of solar interfacial regeneration was exptl. investigated and compared with that of packed-bed tower regeneration and membrane distillation regeneration. Results show solar interfacial regeneration is very competitive due to the high regeneration rate and efficiency, which can reach 0.57 kg m-2 h-1 and 42.5% for 40% LiCl solution under 1-sun irradiation Moreover, the low temperature rises of concentrated solution, cheap construction costs and operating costs make LDAS more energy-saving. This work is expected to supply a novel method for liquid desiccant regeneration. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Computed Properties of ClLi).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Computed Properties of ClLi

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and curing properties of castor oil-based triglycidyl ether epoxy resin was written by Fu, Qinghe;Tan, Jihuai;Han, Changhao;Zhang, Xiaoxiang;Fu, Bo;Wang, Fang;Zhu, Xinbao. And the article was included in Polymers for Advanced Technologies in 2020.Electric Literature of C4H12ClN The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Three epoxy resins castor oil glycidyl ether (COGE), epoxidized castor oil glycidyl ether (ECOGE) and hydrogenated castor oil glycidyl ether (HCOGE) have been synthesized based on castor oil through a mild epoxidation reaction. The research on curing performance shows that the modified products could improve the toughness of traditional epoxy resins remarkably. Moreover, when adding a small amount of products into traditional epoxy resin E-51, the mech. properties of the cured products were also significantly improved. Specifically, by blending ECOGE into E-51 at a ratio of 5%, the tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact resistance of the cured product were improved by 27.5%, 33.9%, and 39.7%, resp., from 64.03 MPa, 3.15% and 11.37 MPa to 81.61 MPa, 4.4%, and 15.22 MPa. DMA illustrated that after incorporating, the crosslinking d. of the cured product increase, but the glass transition temperatures were reduced by more than 20°C compared with E-51. SEM showed that COGE and ECOGE caused the cured products to exhibit tough fracture. TGA explained that the initial decomposition temperatures of the mixed systems reduced, but the high temperature resistance of the cured products improved. The design strategy based on castor oil highlights a sustainable avenue for preparing cost-effective and high-efficiency epoxy resins. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Electric Literature of C4H12ClN).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control.Electric Literature of C4H12ClN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Toy-blocks-inspired programmable supercapacitors with high energy density was written by Luo, Zhiling;Kou, Bingdong;Wang, Yi;Song, Yuting;Weng, Mingcen;Liu, Changhong;Zhang, Wei;Chen, Luzhuo. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2022.SDS of cas: 7447-41-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Diversity and individuation development of wearable electronics require their power sources to be programmable and customizable. However, how to prepare all-purpose electrodes with high designability and satisfying energy d. for power sources is still a serious challenge. Herein, we propose programmable supercapacitors based on novel electrode blocks, which are inspired from toy blocks. Polyaniline/carbon nanotube strip is adopted as electrode block template, where one end of the strip is loaded with capacitive MnO2 (4.9-12.4 mg cm-2) as the cathode head, while the other end is left untreated as the anode head. These two heads are designed with opposite potential windows, forming a 2.5 V asym. supercapacitor with a high areal capacitance (679.0 mF cm-2). The supercapacitor reaches a remarkable energy d. of 513.3μWh cm-2, which is further utilized to power a high power-consumption fan and an E-ink display. Finally, the electrode blocks are applied to programmably construct a variety of energy devices, such as high-voltage device, stretchable device, three-dimensional supercapacitor lantern and wirelessly self-charged display system. The concept of general electrode block together with its two-head feature to increase energy d. will provide a new route to fabricate programmable power sources for the booming wearable electronics. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8SDS of cas: 7447-41-8).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.SDS of cas: 7447-41-8

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, anticancer, and density-functional theory studies of nano-metal(II) oxime complexes was written by Al-Sabawi, Emad N.;Al-Janabi, Ahmed S. M.;Jerjis, Haifa Muhammed;Khairy, Mohammed;Alduaij, Omar K.;Yousef, Tarek A.. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) The following contents are mentioned in the article:

New nanophenolic oxime complexes of the type [M(κ²-Saly)₂] {where HSaly = salicyl-aldoxime; M = Co (1), Ni (2), Cu (3), Pd (4), Pt (5), Zn (6), Cd (7), and Hg (8)} were prepared and characterized by different spectroscopic methods. The surface morphol. and the micrographs of the investigated complexes were checked by the SEM and x-ray diffraction (XRD) anal. The results indicate the successful preparation of nanocomplexes with nanoparticles size. In addition, the antibacterial activity was studied against three different pathogenic bacteria, and the Pt(II) complex displayed the highest activity compared with free salicylaldoxime ligand and other complexes. Magnetic susceptibility and UV-visible spectroscopic measurements were used to deduce the geometry of the complexes, which was then validated by d. functional theory (DFT) calculations The in vitro antitumor activity was investigated by MTT assays against HepG-2 cell lines. The Zn(II) and Pt(II) complexes displayed good activity with IC₅₀ values at 17.31 ± 0.95 and 11.78 ± 0.54μM, resp. In contrast, the [Cu(Saly)₂] and [Ni(Saly)₂] complexes showed the lowest activity against tested cells. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6Application In Synthesis of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)).

Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (cas: 13820-53-6) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides can cause corrosion in pipelines, valves and condensers, and cause catalyst poisoning. The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and others are affected by damage caused by these substances.While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available. Alkyl chlorides readily undergo attack by nucleophiles.Application In Synthesis of Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II)

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and biological evaluation of morpholines linked coumarin-triazole hybrids as anticancer agents was written by Goud, Nerella Sridhar;Pooladanda, Venkatesh;Mahammad, Ghouse S.;Jakkula, Pranay;Gatreddi, Santhosh;Qureshi, Insaf A.;Alvala, Ravi;Godugu, Chandraiah;Alvala, Mallika. And the article was included in Chemical Biology & Drug Design in 2019.Safety of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A series of novel morpholines linked coumarin-triazole hybrids (6a-6v) has been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-proliferative potential on a panel of five human cancer cell lines, namely bone (MG-63), lung (A549), breast (MDA-MB-231), colon (HCT-15) and liver (HepG2), using MTT assay. Among all, the compound 6n {7-((1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) methoxy)-4-((2,6-dimethylmorpholino) methyl)-2H-chromen-2-one} showed significant growth inhibition against MG-63 cells with an IC₅₀ value of 0.80 ± 0.22μM. Further, induction of apoptosis by 6n of MG-63 cells confirmed as a result of morphol. changes, the sub-G1 phase arrest, increased percentage of apoptotic cells, and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in reactive oxygen species levels. The in vitro Gal-1 expression in cell culture supernatant of MG-63 cells treated with compound 6n showed dose-dependent reduction The binding constant (K_a) of 6n with Gal-1 was calculated from the intercept value which was observed as 3.0 × 10⁵ M^-1 by fluorescence spectroscopy. Surface plasmon resonance showed that 6n binds to Gal-1 with binding constant (K_a) of 1.29E+04 1/Ms and equilibrium constant KD value of 7.54E-07 M, resp. Mol. docking studies revealed the binding interactions of 6n with Gal-1. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3Safety of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate).

Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (cas: 638-07-3) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Safety of Ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deep desulfurization performance of thiophene with deep eutectic solvents loaded carbon nanotube composites was written by Liu, Yue;Xue, Jiaojiao;Zhou, Xin;Cui, Yingna;Yin, Jingmei. And the article was included in Royal Society Open Science in 2021.Name: Tetramethylammonium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

One source of air pollution is the combustion of sulfur compounds in fuel oil. Reducing sulfur content in fuel oil has become a hot issue demanding timely solutions Using ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to remove sulfides in fuel oil has achieved good results presently. However, since DESs are liquid and their transportation and separation are inconvenient, a new way is proposed that the DESs are loaded on the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with large sp. surface area and good chem. stability. A series of composites materials (DESs/CNTs) were prepared Finally, they are applied to the removal of sulfides in fuel oil. This loading method, which imparts introduced unique physico-chem. properties of the DESs to the carrier materials, preserves both advantages while overcoming some of the problems with DESs. The interaction between DESs and CNTs is mutual promotion. Therefore, this study has important theor. significance and industrial application value. Under optimal conditions, when the reagent ChCl/p-TsOH (1 : 2) was loaded on multi-walled CNTs (OD= 30-60 nm) to prepare the composite material (ChCl/p-TsOH)/CNTs, the single desulfurization rate of the composite material was 95.8%. Finally, the catalytic/oxidation mechanism was studied systematically and this work would provide a green route for the desulfurization of fuels. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Name: Tetramethylammonium chloride).

Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Alkyl chlorides are versatile building blocks in organic chemistry. While alkyl bromides and iodides are more reactive, alkyl chlorides tend to be less expensive and more readily available.Name: Tetramethylammonium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Radiolytic degradation of chlorobenzene in aerated and deoxygenated aqueous solutions was written by Albarran, Guadalupe;Mendoza, Edith. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research in 2020.Quality Control of 4-Chlororesorcinol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Abstract: Radiation-induced degradation of chlorobenzene was conducted at 0.1, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 mmol/dm³ concentrations in aerated environment and at 1.0 mmol/dm³ in oxygen-free and N₂O-saturated solutions The results demonstrated that the elimination of chloride is important when the solution is oxygen free, because the e^–aq attacks at the ipso position of the chloro group produces hydrochloric acid. The degradation was affected to a large extent by the concentration and to a lesser extent by the presence or absence of oxygen in the solutions which were irradiated. Thereby, the degradation occurred faster in the solutions with air and without oxygen and more slowly in the saturated solution with N₂O. Some byproducts were identified using an HPLC-UV-mass system. In addition, it was found that there is a linear correlation between the ln C/C₀ and the dose, indicating that the radiolytic degradation followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The radiolytic oxidation was followed by the COD (COD) test. The COD decreases when the solute concentration increases. The COD results were for a 0.47 mmol/dm³ of 5.94 mg O₂ dm^-3 kGy^-1 and for 0.09 mmol/dm³ of 7.45 mg O₂ dm^-3 kGy^-1. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5Quality Control of 4-Chlororesorcinol).

4-Chlororesorcinol (cas: 95-88-5) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Quality Control of 4-Chlororesorcinol

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application of the e-NRTL model to electrolytes in mixed solvents methanol-, ethanol- water, and PEG-water was written by Valverde, J. L.;Ferro, V. R.;Giroir-Fendler, A.. And the article was included in Fluid Phase Equilibria in 2022.Electric Literature of ClLi The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this work, the e-NRTL binary interaction parameters for the alc.-water (ethanol-water and methanol-water), electrolyte-alc. (NaBr-methanol, NaBr-ethanol, NaCl-methanol, NaCl-ethanol, KCl-methanol and KCl-ethanol), PEG (polyethylene glycol)-water (PEG1000-, PEG4000- and PEG6000-water) and electrolyte-PEG (NaCl and KCl-PEG4000-water, KCl-PEG1000-water, LiCl-PEG4000-Water, CsCl-PEG (PEG1000, PEG4000 and PEG 6000)-Water) were evaluated by the non-linear regression of exptl. data at different temperatures, reported in the literature. The application used was able to evaluate the impact of the NRTL, Debye-Huckel and Born contributions on the activity coefficients of a salt (or an electrolyte) in different media. In addition, the solubility constants, and the free energy of transfer on the molar scale of NaCl, KCl and NaBr in alc.-water mixed solvents (methanol-water and ethanol-water at different temperatures) were evaluated by using the e-NRTL model and the binary interaction parameters previously computed. It was reached an excellent correlation of the exptl. data of water activity, mean activity coefficient and osmotic pressure data of ethanol-water and methanol-water solutions, electrolyte-alc. systems, and electrolyte-PEG, resp. The presence of PEG and alc. in solution had a great influence on the solubility of the solid phases. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Electric Literature of ClLi).

Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines stimulate the central nervous system and cause convulsions, tremor, nausea, and mental confusion. Examples are dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, lindane, endosulfan, and dieldrin. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.Electric Literature of ClLi

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics