Preventing erosion of X-chromosome inactivation in human embryonic stem cells was written by Cloutier, Marissa;Kumar, Surinder;Buttigieg, Emily;Keller, Laura;Lee, Brandon;Williams, Aaron;Mojica-Perez, Sandra;Erliandri, Indri;Rocha, Andre Monteiro Da;Cadigan, Kenneth;Smith, Gary D.;Kalantry, Sundeep. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2022.Quality Control of Lithium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:
X-chromosome inactivation is a paradigm of epigenetic transcriptional regulation. Female human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) often undergo erosion of X-inactivation upon prolonged culture. Here, we investigate the sources of X-inactivation instability by deriving new primed pluripotent hESC lines. We find that culture media composition dramatically influenced the expression of XIST lncRNA, a key regulator of X-inactivation. hESCs cultured in a defined xenofree medium stably maintained XIST RNA expression and coating, whereas hESCs cultured in the widely used mTeSR1 medium lost XIST RNA expression. We pinpointed lithium chloride in mTeSR1 as a cause of XIST RNA loss. The addition of lithium chloride or inhibitors of GSK-3 proteins that are targeted by lithium to the defined hESC culture medium impeded XIST RNA expression. GSK-3 inhibition in differentiating female mouse embryonic stem cells and epiblast stem cells also resulted in a loss of XIST RNA expression. Together, these data may reconcile observed variations in X-inactivation in hESCs and inform the faithful culture of pluripotent stem cells. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Quality Control of Lithium chloride).
Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. Organochlorine compounds are lipophylic, meaning they are more soluble in fat than in water. This gives them a high tenancy to accumulate in the food chain (biomagnification).Quality Control of Lithium chloride
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics