Hydrothermal liquefaction of sewage sludge; energy considerations and fate of micropollutants during pilot scale processing was written by Silva Thomsen, Lars Bjoern;Carvalho, Pedro N.;dos Passos, Juliano Souza;Anastasakis, Konstantinos;Bester, Kai;Biller, Patrick. And the article was included in Water Research in 2020.Recommanded Product: N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The beneficial use of sewage sludge for valorization of carbon and nutrients is of increasing interest while micropollutants in sludge are of concern to the environment and human health. This study investigates the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of sewage sludge in a continuous flow pilot scale reactor at conditions expected to reflect future industrial installations. The processing is evaluated in terms of energy efficiency, bio-crude yields and quality. The raw sludge and post-HTL process water and solid residues were analyzed extensively for micropollutants via HPLC-MS/MS for target pharmaceuticals including antibiotics, blood pressure medicine, antidepressants, analgesics, x-ray contrast media, angiotensin II receptor blockers, immunosuppressant drugs and biocides including triazines, triazoles, carbamates, a carboxamide, an organophosphate and a cationic surfactant. The results show that a pos. energy return on investment was achieved for all three HTL processing temperatures of 300, 325 and 350°C with the most beneficial temperature identified as 325°C. The anal. of the HTL byproducts, process water and solids, indicates that HTL is indeed a suitable technol. for the destruction of micropollutants. However, due to the large matrix effect of the HTL process water it can only be stated with certainty that 9 out of 30 pharmaceuticals and 5 out of 7 biocides products were destroyed successfully (over 98% removal). One compound, the antidepressant citalopram, was shown to be moderately recalcitrant at 300°C with 87% removal and was only destroyed at temperatures≥325°C (>99% removal). Overall, the results suggest that HTL is a suitable technol. for energy efficient and value added sewage sludge treatment enabling destruction of micropollutants. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 122-18-9Recommanded Product: N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride).
N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 122-18-9) belongs to organic chlorides. An organic chloride is an organic compound containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine. Their wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties lead to a broad range of names and applications. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Recommanded Product: N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics