Thermodynamics of Charge Regulation during Ion Transport through Silica Nanochannels was written by Ritt, Cody L.;de Souza, J. Pedro;Barsukov, Michelle G.;Yosinski, Shari;Bazant, Martin Z.;Reed, Mark A.;Elimelech, Menachem. And the article was included in ACS Nano in 2022.Application of 7447-41-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Ion-surface interactions can alter the properties of nanopores and dictate nanofluidic transport in engineered and biol. systems central to the water-energy nexus. The ion adsorption process, known as “charge regulation”, is ion-specific and is dependent on the extent of confinement when the elec. double layers (EDLs) between two charged surfaces overlap. A fundamental understanding of the mechanisms behind charge regulation remains lacking. Herein, we study the thermodn. of charge regulation reactions in 20 nm SiO2 channels via conductance measurements at various concentrations and temperatures The effective activation energies (Ea) for ion conductance at low concentrations (strong EDL overlap) are ~2-fold higher than at high concentrations (no EDL overlap) for the electrolytes studied here: LiCl, NaCl, KCl, and CsCl. We find that Ea values measured at high concentrations result from the temperature dependence of viscosity and its influence on ion mobility, whereas Ea values measured at low concentrations result from the combined effects of ion mobility and the enthalpy of cation adsorption to the charged surface. Notably, the Ea for surface reactions increases from 7.03 kJ mol-1 for NaCl to 16.72 ± 0.48 kJ mol-1 for KCl, corresponding to a difference in surface charge of -8.2 to -0.8 mC m-2, resp. We construct a charge regulation model to rationalize the cation-specific charge regulation behavior based on an adsorption equilibrium Our findings show that temperature- and concentration-dependent conductance measurements can help indirectly probe the ion-surface interactions that govern transport and colloidal interactions at the nanoscale-representing a critical step forward in our understanding of charge regulation and adsorption phenomena under nanoconfinement. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8Application of 7447-41-8).
Lithium chloride (cas: 7447-41-8) belongs to organic chlorides. Organochlorines are organic compounds having multiple chlorine atoms. They were the first synthetic pesticides that were used in agriculture. They are resistant to most microbial and chemical degradations. Alkyl chlorides readily react with amines to give substituted amines. Alkyl chlorides are substituted by softer halides such as the iodide in the Finkelstein reaction.Application of 7447-41-8
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics