Effect of Base/Nucleophile Treatment on Interlayer Ion Intercalation, Surface Terminations, and Osmotic Swelling of Ti3C2Tz MXene Multilayers was written by Natu, Varun;Pai, Rahul;Wilson, Olivia;Gadasu, Edward;Badr, Hussein;Karmakar, Avishek;Magenau, Andrew J. D.;Kalra, Vibha;Barsoum, Michel W.. And the article was included in Chemistry of Materials in 2022.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The first MXene discovered, Ti3C2Tz, was synthesized by etching aluminum, Al, from the nanolaminated MAX phase, Ti3AlC2, using hydrofluoric acid, HF. To delaminate the resulting MXene multilayers, MLs, it was necessary to increase the interlayer spacing, by first treating them with relatively large organic cations such as tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, TBAOH, DMSO, DMSO, etc. When etched with a combination of LiF and HCl on the other hand, the Li cations spontaneously intercalated and no extra delamination step was needed. Herein, we attempt to understand why some mols. intercalate into the HF-etched MXene, while others do not. We find that treating HF-etched Ti3C2Tz MLs with a base, like NaOH, renders them ion exchangeable. This base treatment was found to reduce the -F terminations on the MXene surfaces, which most likely weakens the interlayer hydrogen bonding and therefore allows for ion exchange and concomitant hydration. We exploit this nucleophilic dehalogenation to functionalize the Ti3C2Tz surfaces using several different nucleophiles like sodium stearate, lithium ethoxide, and diisopropyl xanthogen polysulfide. We also demonstrate the effect of interlayer ions and other functional termination on the electrochem. performance of Ti3C2Tz in sodium ion and lithium sulfur batteries. Finally, we find that the interlayer spacing between MXene sheets derived using LiF + HCl increases dramatically when exposed to low-concentration salt solutions; this was attributed to osmotic swelling. This phenomenon was earlier observed in clays but was detected for the first time in the case of MXenes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks).
Tetramethylammonium chloride (cas: 75-57-0) belongs to organic chlorides. Chlorination modifies the physical properties of hydrocarbons in several ways. These compounds are typically denser than water due to the higher atomic weight of chlorine versus hydrogen. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Category: chlorides-buliding-blocks
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics