Cation Effect of Chloride Salting Agents on Transition Metal Ion Hydration and Solvent Extraction by the Basic Extractant Methyltrioctylammonium Chloride was written by Lommelen, Rayco;Onghena, Bieke;Binnemans, Koen. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2020.SDS of cas: 5137-55-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The addition of a nonextractable salt has an important influence on the solvent extraction of metal ions, but the underlying principles are not completely understood yet. However, relating solute hydration mechanisms to solvent extraction equilibrium is key to understanding the mechanism of solvent extraction of metal ions as a whole. We have studied the speciation of Co(II), Zn(II), and Cu(II) in aqueous solutions containing different chloride salts to understand their extraction to the basic extractant methyltrioctylammonium chloride (TOMAC). This includes the first speciation profile of Zn(II) in chloride media with the three Zn(II) species [Zn(H2O)6]2+, [ZnCl3H2O]–, and [ZnCl4]2-. The observed differences in extraction efficiency for a given transition metal ion can be explained by transition metal ion hydration due to ion-solvent interactions, rather than by ion-solute interactions or by differences in speciation. Chloride salting agents bearing a cation with a larger hydration Gibbs free energy reduce the free water content more, resulting in a lower hydration for the transition metal ion. This destabilizes the transition metal chloro complex in the aqueous phase and increases the extraction efficiency. Salting agents with di- and trivalent cations reduce the transition metal chloro complex hydration less than expected, resulting in a lower extraction efficiency. The cations of these salting agents have a very large hydration Gibbs free energy, but the overall hydration of these salts is reduced due to significant salt ion pair formation. The general order of salting-out strength for the extraction of metal ions from chloride salt solutions is Cs+ < Rb+ < NH4+ ≈ K+ < Al3+ ≈ Mg2+ ≈ Ca2+ ≈ Na+ < Li+. These findings can help in predicting the optimal conditions for metal separation by solvent extraction and also contribute to a broader understanding of the effects of dissolved salts on solutes. Addition of a nonextractable salt influences the stability and solvent extraction efficiency of metal complexes. Cations of different chloride salts reduce the solution free water content as a function of their increasing hydration energy and decreasing tendency for ion pair formation with chloride anions. These ion-solvent interactions reduce the hydration of metal complexes, increasing their distribution ratios. These effects influence aqueous transition metal complexes more than direct ion-solute interactions and changes in complex speciation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3SDS of cas: 5137-55-3).
N-Methyl-N,N-dioctyloctan-1-aminium chloride (cas: 5137-55-3) belongs to organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.SDS of cas: 5137-55-3
Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics