Month: October 2022

Alpturk, Onur; Rusin, Oleksandr; Fakayode, Sayo O.; Wang, Weihua; Escobedo, Jorge O.; Warner, Isiah M.; Crowe, William E.; Kral, Vladimir; Pruet, Jeff M.; Strongin, Robert M. published an article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The title of the article was 《Lanthanide complexes as fluorescent indicators for neutral sugars and cancer biomarkers》.Quality Control of 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate The author mentioned the following in the article:

Simple water-soluble lanthanum and europium complexes are effective at detecting neutral sugars as well as glycolipids and phospholipids. In solutions at physiol. relevant pH the fluorescent lanthanum complex binds neutral sugars with apparent binding constants comparable to those of arylboronic acids. Interference from commonly occurring anions is minimal. The europium complex detects sialic acid-containing gangliosides at pH 7.0 over an asialoganglioside. This selectivity is attributed, in large part, to the cooperative complexation of the oligosaccharide and sialic acid residues to the metal center, based on analogous prior studies. In MeOH, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a biomarker for several pathol. conditions including ovarian cancer, is selectively detected by the europium complex. LPA is also detected via a fluorescence increase in human plasma samples. The 2-sn-OH moiety of LPA plays a key role in promoting binding to the metal center. Other mols. found in common brain ganglioside and phospholipid extracts do not interfere in the ganglioside or LPA fluorescence assays.2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate(cas: 14258-40-3Quality Control of 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate) was used in this study.

2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate(cas: 14258-40-3) belongs to aliphatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons belong to the most abundant fraction in crude oil. Aliphatics molecules are linear or branched open-chain structures such as n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cycloalkanes (naphthenes), terpenes and steranes.Quality Control of 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl acetate

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Salt in freshwaters: causes, effects and prospects – introduction to the theme issue》 were Canedo-Arguelles, Miguel; Kefford, Ben; Schafer, Ralf. And the article was published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B: Biological Sciences in 2019. SDS of cas: 7647-14-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Humans are globally increasing the salt concentration of freshwaters (i.e. freshwater salinization), leading to significant effects at the population, community and ecosystem level. The present theme issue focuses on priority research questions and delivers results that contribute to shaping the future research agenda on freshwater salinization as well as fostering our capacity to manage salinization. The issue is structured along five topics: (i) the estimation of future salinity and evaluation of the relative contribution of the different drivers; (ii) the physiol. responses of organisms to alterations in ion concentrations with a specific focus on the osmophysiol. of freshwater insects and the responses of different organisms to seawater intrusion; (iii) the impact of salinization on ecosystem functioning, also considering the connections between riparian and stream ecosystems; (iv) the role of context in moderating the response to salinization. The contributions scrutinize the role of addnl. stressors, biotic interactions, the identify of the ions and their ratios, as well as of the biogeog. and evolutionary context; and (v) the public discourse on salinization and recommendations for management and regulation. In this paper we introduce the general background of salinization, outline research gaps and report key findings from the contributions to this theme issue. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5SDS of cas: 7647-14-5)

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.SDS of cas: 7647-14-5

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Intramolecular interactions. Dipole moments and rotational isomerism of a series of 1-substituted 2-arylethanes》 were Camail, Michel; Dicko, Dankoulodo D.. And the article was published in Comptes Rendus des Seances de l’Academie des Sciences, Serie C: Sciences Chimiques in 1971. COA of Formula: C11H13ClO2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The dipole moments are determined for 12 p-AC6H4CH2CH2X (A = H, Me, Cl; X = Cl, Br, CN, CO2-Et) and used to estimate the anti-gauche isomer equilibrium In the experiment, the researchers used Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate(cas: 7116-36-1COA of Formula: C11H13ClO2)

Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate(cas: 7116-36-1) belongs to organochlorine compounds. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. COA of Formula: C11H13ClO2 However, the extent of chlorination is difficult to control. Aryl chlorides may be prepared by the Friedel-Crafts halogenation, using chlorine and a Lewis acid catalyst.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pritykin, L. M.; Selyutin, O. B.; Nikolaev, A. L. published their research in Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry (Translation of Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii) on December 31 ,1999. The article was titled 《Quantitative evaluation of the conjugation effect in the hydrolysis of para-substituted aromatic acid esters》.Product Details of 7116-36-1 The article contains the following contents:

The rate constants of alk. and acid hydrolysis of 10 series of para-substituted benzoic, cinnamic, phenylpropynoic, biphenylcarboxylic, phenylacetic, and 3-phenylpropionic acids linearly correlate with the population of the pz-orbital of the phenylene C atom bearing the substituent. This parameter can be regarded as a quant. measure of the conjugation effect. The experimental process involved the reaction of Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate(cas: 7116-36-1Product Details of 7116-36-1)

Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate(cas: 7116-36-1) belongs to organochlorine compounds. The wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties of organochlorides lead to a broad range of names, applications, and properties. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Product Details of 7116-36-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Baliah, V.; Balasubramanian, Theymoli Mrs. published an article in Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Steric enhancement of resonance: Part I. Dissociation constants of some mono-, di- and tri-substituted benzoic acids》.Reference of 3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxybenzoic acid The author mentioned the following in the article:

The dissociation constants of 20 benzoic acids were determined in 50 volume % EtOH-H2O using the conductometric method. The calculated acidity constants of 3,4-R(MeO)C6H3CO2H (R = halo, Me) are appreciably higher than exptl. determined acidity constants which indicates that the 3-substituent enhances the resonance interaction between the MeO and CO2H groups. The expected steric inhibition of resonance is observed in 3,5,4-R2(MeO)C6H2CO2H. The acidity constants were also analyzed in terms of their free energies of ionization. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxybenzoic acid(cas: 37908-97-7Reference of 3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxybenzoic acid)

3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxybenzoic acid(cas: 37908-97-7) belongs to organochlorine compounds. The wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties of organochlorides lead to a broad range of names, applications, and properties. Aliphatic organochlorides are often alkylating agents as chlorine can act as a leaving group, which can result in cellular damage.Reference of 3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxybenzoic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2019,Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry included an article by Taywade, Amol; Berad, Baliram. Safety of 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-chlorobenzene. The article was titled 《Hunig’s base a facile and green alternative for C-N bond formation reactions》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A new dimension to Hunig’s base i.e. diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) utilization in the organic reaction were studied. Present study projects DIPEA as a green alternative for C-N bond formation reactions. In terms of optimization of yield of C-N coupling reactions, DIPEA exclusively serves as base, catalyst and solvent in mild conditions to fulfill criteria for green reaction methodol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-chlorobenzene(cas: 622-95-7Safety of 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-chlorobenzene)

1-(Bromomethyl)-4-chlorobenzene(cas: 622-95-7) is a useful reagent for the preparation of panicinotam derivatives for use as anti-inflammatory agents or immunomodulators.Safety of 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-chlorobenzene It can be synthesized by reacting 4-chlorobenzyl alcohol with bromodimethylsulfonium bromide (BDMS) It can also be synthesized by refluxing a mixture of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, chlorotrimethylsilane, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane and lithium bromide.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kelkar, S. V.; Joshi, G. S.; Kulkarni, G. H.; Mitra, R. B. published an article on January 31 ,1987. The article was titled 《Synthesis of 3-phenoxybenzyl 3-alkyl-3-(p-substituted phenyl)propionates and 3-phenoxybenzyl 2-alkyl-3-(p-substituted phenyl)propionates》, and you may find the article in Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry.Product Details of 7116-36-1 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Alkylation of (EtO2C)2CH2 with 4-RC6H4CHR1Br (R = Cl, NO2, H; R1 = Me, Et, H), followed by decarbethoxylation and transesterification with R2OH(R2 = 3-PhOC6H4CH2) gave 4-RC6HCHR1CH2CO2R2 (I). Alkylation of 4-R3C6H4CH2CHR4CO2Et (R3 = H, R4 = Ac; R3 = Cl, R4 = CO2Et) with alkyl halides, followed by deacylation or decarbethoxylation and transesterification with R2OH, gave 4-R3C6H4CH2CHR5CO2R2 (II, R5 = Me2CH, Et, Me). I and II are potential insecticides and acaricides. The experimental process involved the reaction of Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate(cas: 7116-36-1Product Details of 7116-36-1)

Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate(cas: 7116-36-1) belongs to organochlorine compounds. Many organochlorine compounds have been isolated from natural sources ranging from bacteria to humans. Product Details of 7116-36-1 Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application In Synthesis of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororutheniumIn 2020 ,《Synthesis of spiro-annulated cyclobutane derivatives through ketene [2 + 2] cycloaddition and ring-rearrangement metathesis》 was published in Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry. The article was written by Kotha, Sambasivarao; Pulletikurti, Sunil. The article contains the following contents:

Herein, a concise synthesis of spiro-annulated cyclobutane tetracyclic and pentacyclic derivatives I and II was reported by ketene addition, and ring-rearrangement metathesis (RRM) as key steps, starting with com. available norbornadiene and dicyclopentadiene. The tetracyclic spiro-derivative contains a [5/5/4] core unit, which was the key building block to angular triquinanes synthesis. Whereas, the pentacyclic spiro-derivative contained a basic core skeleton of presilphiperfolanes, and other sesquiterpenoids. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium(cas: 172222-30-9Application In Synthesis of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium)

Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium(cas: 172222-30-9) is the first metathesis catalyst to be widely used in organic synthesis. It is useful for acyclic diene metathesis polymerization (ADMET), Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) of strained cyclic olefins, ring opening metathesis (ROM), and so on.Application In Synthesis of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

HPLC of Formula: 150444-93-2On May 21, 1995 ,《Directed lithiation of unprotected benzoic acids》 appeared in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry. The author of the article were Bennetau, Bernard; Mortier, Jacques; Moyroud, Joeel; Guesnet, Jean-Luc. The article conveys some information:

Benzoic acid gives the ortho-lithiated species (2-carboxyphenyl)lithium (lithium salt) under standard conditions. Reaction of (2-carboxyphenyl)lithium (lithium salt) at -78 °C with either Me iodide, di-Me disulfide, hexachloroethane, or 1,2-dibromotetrachloroethane gives the ortho-substituted product. Intramol. competition between the carboxylic acid and methoxy, chloro, fluoro, or diethylamino functions in ortho- and para-substituted benzoic acids establishes the carboxylic acid group to be of intermediate capacity in directing metalation. Complimentarity of directing effects is observed with the chloro and fluoro groups in the meta-substituted benzoic acids but not with the methoxy and trifluoromethyl groups. Electrophile introduction into meta- and para-lithiated benzoates occurs with equal efficacy and comparable scope. The 2,4-dihalobenzoic acids undergo hydrogen/metal exchange at the position flanked by both halogen substituents. 2,2-Difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole-4-carboxylic acid undergoes lithiation adjacent to the oxygen atom. By use of such methods, routes to benzoic acids contiguously tri- and tetra-substituted with a variety of functionalities have been developed. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2-Chloro-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid(cas: 150444-93-2HPLC of Formula: 150444-93-2)

2-Chloro-3,4-difluorobenzoic acid(cas: 150444-93-2) belongs to organochlorine compounds. Many organochlorine compounds have been isolated from natural sources ranging from bacteria to humans. HPLC of Formula: 150444-93-2 Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of novel series of [2-(benzylamino)-2-oxoethyl]-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxamide derivatives》 was published in Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Naik, Mamata Devendra; Bodke, Yadav D.; Ajeesh Kumar, A. K.; Naik, Jayanth K.; Shastri, Sudhesh L.. COA of Formula: C7H7ClFN The article mentions the following:

A novel series of benzopyran-3-carboxamide derivatives I (R = Ph, 2-chlorophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl, etc.) have been designed and synthesized using a smooth and linear multistep synthesis. Amidation of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid with glycine Et ester in the presence of EDC.HCl and HOBt as coupling agent followed by the hydrolysis results in the formation of key synthon, [(2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carbonyl) amino] acetic acid which is further coupled with substituted aryl amines RCH2NH2 using HATU in combination with Hunig’s base to get the target compounds I. The synthesized compounds I have been screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activity and the results are expressed as MIC and IC 50 values resp. Further, the binding ability of synthesized compounds I with different proteins have been examined by mol. docking studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2-Chloro-3-fluorophenyl)methanamine(cas: 72235-54-2COA of Formula: C7H7ClFN)

(2-Chloro-3-fluorophenyl)methanamine(cas: 72235-54-2) belongs to anime. Reduction of nitro compounds, RNO2, by hydrogen or other reducing agents produces primary amines cleanly (i.e., without a mixture of products), but the method is mostly used for aromatic amines because of the limited availability of aliphatic nitro compounds. Reduction of nitriles and oximes (R2C=NOH) also yields primary amines.COA of Formula: C7H7ClFN

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics