Month: October 2022

Song, Liangliang; Liu, Chao; Tian, Guilong; Van Meervelt, Luc; Van der Eycken, Johan; Van der Eycken, Erik V. published the artcile< Late-stage diversification of peptidomimetics and oligopeptides via gold-catalyzed post-Ugi cyclization>, COA of Formula: C9H5ClO2, the main research area is peptidomimetic oligopeptide diversification crystal structure; gold catalyzed post Ugi cyclization cyclocondensation cycloisomerization migration.

A chemo- and regioselective gold-catalyzed tandem 6-endo-dig cyclization/enyne cycloisomerization/1,2-migration process for the synthesis of decorated peptidomimetics is developed. Various migrating groups such as aryl, heteroaryl and alkyl are tolerated in this method under mild conditions. This protocol is successfully utilized to modify various oligopeptides, including substrates bearing the drug amantadine, in a rapid and step-economical manner through the combination with the Ugi reaction.

Molecular Catalysis published new progress about Crystal structure. 3240-10-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C9H5ClO2, COA of Formula: C9H5ClO2.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Julia, Marc; Julia, Sylvestre; Bemont, Bernard published the artcile< Cyclopropane acids>, HPLC of Formula: 90940-40-2, the main research area is .

γ-Chloroesters, easily prepared from γ-lactones, were cyclized to cyclopropanecarboxylic esters in good yield by strong bases. Substituted derivatives had the trans configuration, presumably owing to isomerization (during the reaction) of any cis isomer present. BzCH2CH2CO2H (178 g.) in 200 ml. warm 20% NaOH was reduced with 30 g. KBH4 (added in small portions) to give 90% PhCH.CH2.CH2.C(O).O (I). The same procedure also gave the p-MeO, p-Cl (m. 50°), p-Me, and p-Br (m. 83°) derivatives of I, and BzCMe2CH2CO2H (II) and BzCH2CMe2CO2H gave the corresponding lactones, m. 56-7° (III), and 48°, resp. The chloroesters were prepared by two methods. A: a solution of 10 g. I in 58 cc. EtOH was saturated with dry HCl, kept 48 hrs., evaporated, poured onto ice, and the mixture saturated with NaCl, extracted with Et2O, and distilled to give 66% PhCHClCH2CH2CO2Et (IV), b0.1 115°, decomposed on repeated distillation B: 216 g. SOCl2 was added to 96 g. I in 144 g. C6H6, the mixture boiled 3 hrs., cooled, and slowly added to 480 cc. alc. HCl; removal of solvent and distillation gave 97% IV. The following substituted Et 4-chlorobutyrates were prepared similarly [substituents, b.p. (mm.), method, and % yield given): 4-Me, 78° (10), A, 55, B, 89; 4,4-di-Me, -, B, used without purification; 4-(p-MeOC6H4), – (not distilled), A, 96 (B failed); 4-(p-ClC6H4), 125-6° (0.05), A, 75, B, 95; 4-(p-MeC6H4), 108-10° (0.05), A, 87, B, 82; 4-(p-BrC6H4), 128-9° (0.05), A, 91, B, 90; 4,3,3-PhMe2, 145° (5), B, 60. To 15 g. IV was added 40 cc. 1.7N tert-AmONa in C6H6. The solution warmed, became red, and a precipitate formed. After 30 hrs., the mixture was boiled 5 hrs., cooled, quenched in H2O, extracted with Et2O and distilled, b0.2 101-40°. The distillate was shaken with 2.8% aqueous KMnO4 to a permanent color, the MnO2 removed and washed with H2O and Et2O, and the combined extracts distilled to give 77% trans-PhCH.CH2.CHCO2Et (V), b0.2 105-6°, m. 38-9°, hydrolyzed by KOH-MeOH to the trans-acid (VI), m. 90°, whose anilide (VII) m. 145°. IV was also cyclized by NaNH2 in liquid NH3 (67% yield), MeONa in MeOH (45% yield of VI), PhCMe2ONa in C6H6 (61% VI), tert-BuOK in tert-BuOH (64% VI), PhCMe2OK in PhCMe2OH at 100° (64% VI), and alc. NaOEt (58% VI). The cis isomer of VI (Burger, CA 42, 6755f) was esterified with CH2N2, the ester boiled 4 hrs. with tert-AmONa in C6H6 and hydrolyzed to give 73% VI. Similarly, tert-BuONa and EtONa gave 47 and 20% VI, resp. The anilide of cis-VI (VIII) m. 146-7°; a mixture of VII and VIII m. 120°. The following Et cyclopropanecarboxylates and derivatives were prepared similarly [substituents, b.p. (mm.), cyclizing agent, and % yield given]: none, 95-7° (330) (n22D 1.4242), tert-AmONa, 45 (PhCMe2ONa, 47) (acid b26 89-90%, n20D 1.4391; S-benzylthiuronium salt m. 151°); 2-Me, 65-70° (14), tert-AmONa, 50 (acid b10 92°, n21D 1.4384; anilide m. 110°); 2,2-Me2, 90° (15) (n19D 1.4280), tert-AmONa, 50 (acid b143 140°, n20D 1.4390; amide m. 172-3°); 2-(p-MeOC6H4), 124-6° (0.05) (m. 78-9°), tert-AmONa, 84 (acid m. 112-13°; anilide m. 171°); 2-(p-MeC6H4), 108° (0.6) (m. 28°), tert-AmONa, 61 (acid m. 119°; anilide m. 161°); 2-(p-BrC6H4), 130° (0.8) (m. 32°), tert-AmONa (acid m. 122°; anilide m. 175°); 2,3,3-PhMe2 (IX), 110-20° (5) (n19D 1.5040), by cyclizing the chloroester from III with NaCPh3, 10.3 (acid m. 100-1°) [also prepared (18%) from Me2C.CHPh.CH2.C(O).O (X) with SOCl2 and then tert-AmONa]. To 4.5 g. V in 120 cc. Et2O, 1 g. LiAlH4 was added in small portions with cooling, the mixture kept 4 hrs., boiled 12 hrs., and hydrolyzed (first with moist Et2O and then with H2O added dropwise); extraction, alk. hydrolysis of unchanged V, further extraction, and distillation gave 66% trans-PhCH.CH2.CHCH2OH, b3 125°, n25D 1.5412; phenylurethan m. 88-9°; 3,5-dinitrobenzoate m. 126-7°. Similarly, IX (cis-trans mixture) was reduced to the carbinol isomer mixture, b0.05 101-2°, n17D 1.5316; phenylurethan m. 122°; 3,5-dinitrobenzoate m. 114°. In an attempt to prepare II, PhCOCBrMe2 and NaCH(CO2Et)2 in boiling alc. gave (instead of II) 92% PhCOCMe:CH2, b0.5 85-90°; 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone m. 228°; semicarbazone m. 186-7°. The same reagents in HCONMe2 heated 3 hrs. at 100° and the product distilled and crystallized from Et2O-petr. ether gave 61% PhC:C(CO2Et).CO2.CMe2 (XI), b0.25 147-9°, m. 75-6°, λ 270 mμ (log ε 3.78), and from the mother liquors 3% PhC:C(CO2H).CO2.CMe2 (XII), m. 165° (also obtained from XI and KOH-MeOH), and a trace of II, m. 85°. XII (5 g.) in 50 cc. alc. was reduced with 0.5 g. 10% Pd-C and 16 kg./sq. cm. H, and the saturated lactone-acid decarboxylated at 120° in vacuo and distilled to give 68% X, b0.5 140°, m. 93-4°.

Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France published new progress about UV and visible spectra. 90940-40-2 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C10H9ClO2, HPLC of Formula: 90940-40-2.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wu, Boyuan; Liu, Ning; Lu, Lele; Zhang, Ruizhe; Zhang, Runhao; Shi, Wei; Cheng, Peng published the artcile< A MOF-derived hierarchical CoP@ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst for visible light-driven hydrogen evolution>, HPLC of Formula: 22519-64-8, the main research area is cobalt phosphide indium zinc sulfide photocatalyst metal organic framework.

A hierarchical CoP@ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst was prepared via a MOF-templated strategy. Owing to the unique composition and morphol. that can facilitate the separation of photoexcited carriers, enhance light absorption and provide high surface area, CoP@ZnIn2S4 exhibited a H2 evolution rate of 0.103 mmol h-1 and remained stable over 24 h.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about Hydrogen evolution reaction. 22519-64-8 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is Cl3H8InO4, HPLC of Formula: 22519-64-8.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chen, Zhichao; Huang, Di; Hwang, Jiann-Yang published the artcile< Effect of styrene addition on chemically induced grafting of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride onto low-density polyethylene for anion exchange membrane preparation>, Application In Synthesis of 1592-20-7, the main research area is styrene vinylbenzyl chloride polyethylene anion exchange membrane.

Anion exchange membranes were prepared from graft polymerization of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride on low-d. polyethylene matrix and subsequent amination with trimethylamine solution The graft polymerization was initiated by benzoyl peroxide instead of gamma ray radiation. The resulting membranes had insufficient anion exchange functional groups; however, this could be enhanced by adding 10% styrene to 4-vinylbenzyl chloride in a graft polymerization reaction. Further addition of styrene resulted in a decrease of the ion exchange capacity of anion exchange membranes due to competition with 4-vinylbenzyl chloride in graft polymerization onto polyethylene. These were evidenced by anal. titration, elemental anal., IR spectroscopy and 1H NMR. © 2019 Society of Chem. Industry.

Polymer International published new progress about Anion exchange membranes. 1592-20-7 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C9H9Cl, Application In Synthesis of 1592-20-7.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Roy, Sudeshna; Sileikyte, Justina; Schiavone, Marco; Neuenswander, Benjamin; Argenton, Francesco; Aube, Jeffrey; Hedrick, Michael P.; Chung, Thomas D. Y.; Forte, Michael A.; Bernardi, Paolo; Schoenen, Frank J. published the artcile< Discovery, Synthesis, and Optimization of Diarylisoxazole-3-carboxamides as Potent Inhibitors of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore>, Application In Synthesis of 29027-20-1, the main research area is diarylisoxazole carboxamide preparation mitochondrial permeability transition pore inhibitor human; structure activity relationship; calcium retention capacity; mitochondria; muscular dystrophy; permeability transition; zebrafish.

The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP) is a Ca2+-requiring mega-channel which, under pathol. conditions, leads to the deregulated release of Ca2+ and mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately resulting in cell death. Although the mtPTP is a potential therapeutic target for many human pathologies, its potential as a drug target is currently unrealized. Herein, an optimization effort initiated around hit, 5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)isoxazole-3-carboxamide, which was found to possess promising inhibitory activity against mitochondrial swelling (EC50<0.39 M) and showed no interference on the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (rhodamine 123 uptake EC50>100 M) is described. This enabled the construction of a series of picomolar mtPTP inhibitors that also potently increase the calcium retention capacity of the mitochondria. Finally, the therapeutic potential and in vivo efficacy of one of the most potent analogs, N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-5-(4-fluoro-3-hydroxyphenyl)isoxazole-3-carboxamide, was validated in a biol. relevant zebrafish model of collagen VI congenital muscular dystrophies.

ChemMedChem published new progress about Aromatic amines Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 29027-20-1 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H8ClN, Application In Synthesis of 29027-20-1.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Boivin, Louis-Philippe; Dupont, William; Leclerc, Mario; Gendron, David published the artcile< Biosourced vanillin-based building blocks for organic electronic materials>, Recommanded Product: 4,5-Dimethoxybenzene-1,2-diamine, the main research area is benzo fused heterocycle preparation.

The preparation of compounds having a benzothiophene, indole, isatin, benzofuroxan, benzofurazan, benzothiadiazole, and phthalimide heteroaromatic ring structures were reported. More precisely, the results showed that vanillin can be used as a biosourced starting material for the preparation of a variety of aromatic dibrominated monomers. X-ray crystallog. on single crystals was also performed to obtain meaningful information on their solid-state ordering. This work opens the way to new sustainable, biosourced aromatic materials (small mols. or polymers) for organic electronics.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Benzaldehydes Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 27841-33-4 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H12N2O2, Recommanded Product: 4,5-Dimethoxybenzene-1,2-diamine.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chevreuil, Francis; Landreau, Anne; Seraphin, Denis; Larcher, Gerald; Bouchara, Jean-Philippe; Richomme, Pascal published the artcile< Synthesis and antifungal activity of new thienyl and aryl conazoles>, HPLC of Formula: 19995-38-1, the main research area is fungicide synthesis thienyl aryl conazole Candida Apergillus resistance.

Recent studies reported that a first generation azole (tioconazole) was active against Candida glabrata petite mutants, a fluconazole- and voriconazole- resistant strain of fungi characterized as most azole resistant yeast by an overexpression of the efflux pumps. Therefore, monosubstituted 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazoles differing from tioconazole by the nature of the linker and of the aromatic ring in their side-chain were synthesized and evaluated against the mutant and the wild-type strain of C. glabrata. New 2-aryl-1-azolyl-3-thienylbutan-2-ols were then designed and synthesized, and their antifungal activity was evaluated against both strains of C. glabrata and two other major human pathogenic fungi, C. albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. These new compounds exhibited a broad spectrum activity, as well as good efficiency against the petite mutant, suggesting that they may overcome the increased expression of the efflux pumps usually observed in clin. yeast isolates resistant to current azoles.

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Aspergillus fumigatus. 19995-38-1 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H7ClS, HPLC of Formula: 19995-38-1.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Zheng; Bian, Ming; Ma, Qian-Qian; Zhang, Zhuo; Du, Huan-Huan; Wei, Cheng-Xi published the artcile< Design and synthesis of new benzo[d]oxazole-based derivatives and their neuroprotective effects on β-amyloid-induced PC12 cells>, HPLC of Formula: 70057-67-9, the main research area is benzoxazolylthio aryl thiadiazolyl acetamide preparation Alzheimer neuroprotective amyloid; Akt/GSK-3β/NF-κB signaling pathway; Alzheimer’s disease; benzo[d]oxazol; synthesis; thiadiazoles; β-amyloid.

A series of novel synthetic substituted benzo[d]oxazole-based derivatives I (R = H, 3,4,5-(OMe)3, 2-Cl-5-F, etc.) exerted neuroprotective effects on β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced PC12 cells as a potential approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In vitro studies show that most of the synthesized compounds I were potent in reducing the neurotoxicity of Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells at 5μg/mL. The compound I (R = 3-Cl) (II) was non-neurotoxic at 30μg/mL and significantly increased the viability of Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells at 1.25, 2.5 and 5μg/mL. Western blot anal. showed that compound II promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3β) and decreased the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells. In addition, the findings demonstrated that compound II protected PC12 cells from Aβ25-35-induced apoptosis, reduced the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and decreased the expression of receptor for AGE (RAGE), β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP)-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Bcl-2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bax/Bcl-2) via Akt/GSK-3β/NF-κB signaling pathway. In vivo studies suggest that compound II shows less toxicity than donepezil in the heart and nervous system of zebrafish.

Molecules published new progress about Alzheimer disease. 70057-67-9 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClN3S, HPLC of Formula: 70057-67-9.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Terasaki, Masanori; Kamata, Ryo; Shiraishi, Fujio; Makino, Masakazu published the artcile< Evaluation of estrogenic activity of parabens and their chlorinated derivatives by using the yeast two-hybrid assay and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay>, Application In Synthesis of 3964-57-6, the main research area is estrogenicity chlorinated paraben derivative estrogen receptor.

We assessed the estrogen agonist activities of 21 parabens and their chlorinated derivatives by using yeast two-hybrid assays incorporating either the human or medaka (Oryzias latipes) estrogen receptor α (hERα and medERα, resp.), and by using hERα competitive ELISA (ER-ELISA). In the two-hybrid assay with hERα, five parabens and three chlorinated derivatives exhibited estrogenic activity, and their relative activity (17β-estradiol [E2] = 1) ranged from 2.0 × 10-5 to 2.0 × 10-4, with the highest activity observed in i-butylparaben. In the medERα assay, six parabens and six chlorinated derivatives exhibited estrogenic activity and their relative activity ranged from 2.7 × 10-5 to 3.5 × 10-3, with the highest activity observed in benzylparaben, its monochlorinated derivative, i-butylparaben, and n-butylparaben. Although medERα demonstrated an activity to E2 that was three times lower than that demonstrated by hERα, medERα has a higher sensitivity to parabens than hERα (1.3-8.9 times). Five parabens and two chlorinated derivatives exhibited a binding affinity to ERα in the ER-ELISA; of the parabens, i-butylparaben exhibited the strongest binding affinity. The yeast two-hybrid assay and the ER-ELISA also revealed that many of the assayed chlorinated parabens were much weaker than the parent compound In addition, the results mainly showed that parabens with a bulk substituent (e.g., i-Bu and benzyl groups) had a higher activity than those with a sterically small substituent. It is considered that derivatization masks the apparent estrogenic activity of parabens, but the resulting chlorinated compounds may represent a potential hazard and therefore other toxicity tests should be performed to determine the toxicity of the chlorinated derivatives

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published new progress about Estrogen receptor α Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 3964-57-6 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H7ClO3, Application In Synthesis of 3964-57-6.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Weidlich, Tomas; Kamenicka, Barbora; Melanova, Klara; Cicmancova, Veronika; Komersova, Alena; Cermak, Jiri published the artcile< Hydrodechlorination of different chloroaromatic compounds at room temperature and ambient pressure-differences in reactivity of Cu- and Ni-based Al alloys in an alkaline aqueous solution>, Application of C7H4ClF3O, the main research area is chloroarom compound copper nickel aluminum alloy hydrodechlorination.

It is well known that the hydrodechlorination (HDC) of chlorinated aromatic contaminants in aqueous effluents enables a significant increase in biodegradability. HDC consumes a low quantity of reactants producing corresponding non-chlorinated and much more biodegradable organic compounds Two commonly used precious metals free Al alloys (Raney Al-Ni and Devarda’s Al-Cu-Zn) were compared in reductive action in an alk. aqueous solution Raney Al-Ni alloy was examined as a universal and extremely effective HDC agent in a diluted aqueous NaOH solution The robustness of Raney Al-Ni activity is illustrated in the case of HDC of polychlorinated aromatic compounds mixture in actual waste water. In contrast, Devarda’s Al-Cu-Zn alloy was approved as much less active for HDC of the tested chlorinated aromatic compounds, but with a surprisingly high selectivity on cleavage of C-Cl bonds in the meta and sometimes the ortho position in chlorinated aniline and sometimes chlorinated phenol structures. The reaction of both tested alloys with chlorinated aromatic compounds in the aqueous NaOH solution is accompanied by dissolution of aluminum. Dissolved Al in the alk. HDC reaction mixture is very useful for subsequent treatment of HDC products by coagulation and flocculation of Al(OH)3 caused by simple neutralization of the alk. aqueous phase after the HDC reaction.

Catalysts published new progress about Biodegradability. 35852-58-5 belongs to class chlorides-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H4ClF3O, Application of C7H4ClF3O.

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics