Month: October 2022

Makane, Vitthal B.; Krishna, Vagolu Siva; Krishna, E. Vamshi; Shukla, Manjulika; Mahizhaveni, B.; Misra, Sunil; Chopra, Sidharth; Sriram, Dharmarajan; Dusthackeer, V. N. Azger; Rode, Haridas B. published an article on February 15 ,2019. The article was titled 《Synthesis and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides as antitubercular agents effective on drug resistant tuberculosis》, and you may find the article in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.Reference of 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Synthesis, SAR and evaluation of α-aminoacyl amides R1C(O)N(R2)CH(R3)C(O)NHR4 [R1 = 2-pyrrolyl, 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, etc.; R2 = Ph, 4-MeC6H4, 2-HOC6H4, etc.; R3 = Ph, 3-ClC6H4, 4-MeOC6H4, etc.; R4 = t-Bu, cyclohexyl, Bn, 2-naphthyl] as antitubercular agents were reported via Ugi reaction of benzaldehydes, isocyanides, anilines and carboxylic acids. The systematic medicinal chem. approach led to identification of optimal substitutions required for the activity. Compound R1C(O)N(R2)CH(R3)C(O)NHR4 [R1 = 2,4-di-methylthiazol-5-yl; R2 = 2,4-di-MeC6H3; R3 = 3-pyridyl; R4 = cyclohexyl] was identified as antitubercular lead with drug like properties. Further, R1C(O)N(R2)CH(R3)C(O)NHR4 [R1 = 2,4-di-methylthiazol-5-yl; R2 = 2,4-di-MeC6H3; R3 = 3-pyridyl; R4 = cyclohexyl] selectively inhibited M. tuberculosis H37Rv with MIC value of 0.78 μM and was found to be non-toxic to CHO-K1 cells. The lead compound inhibited multi drug resistant and Pre-Extensively drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium at 2 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL resp. In the experiment, the researchers used 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid(cas: 6313-54-8Reference of 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid)

2-Chloroisonicotinic acid(cas: 6313-54-8) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. As ligands, solvents, and catalysts they facilitate reactions; thus descriptions of these new ligands and their applications abound each year.Reference of 2-Chloroisonicotinic acid

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pyun, Sang Yong; Cho, Bong Rae published an article in Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society. The title of the article was 《Reactions of 4-nitrophenyl 2-thiophenecarboxylates with R2NH/R2NH2+ in 20 mol % DMSO (aq). Effects of 5-thienyl substituent and base strength》.Recommanded Product: 1450877-56-1 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Reactions of 4-nitrophenyl 2-thiophenecarboxylate (1a-e) with R2NH/R2NH2+ in 20 mol % DMSO (aq) have been studied kinetically. The 2nd order kinetics, βnuc = 0.88-0.98, and linear Hammett and Yukawa-Tsuno plots observed for these reactions indicate an addition-elimination mechanism in which the 2nd step is rate limiting. The βnuc value increased with a stronger electron-withdrawing 5-thienyl substituent, the Hammett plots are linear except for X = MeO, and Yukawa-Tsuno plots are linear with ρ = 0.79-1.32 and r = 0.28-0.93, resp. The ρ value increased and r value decreased with a stronger nucleophile, indicating an increase in the electron d. at the C = O bond and a decrease in the resonance demand. These results have been interpreted with enhanced N-C bond formation in the transition state with the reactivity increase. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 4-Nitrophenyl 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylate(cas: 1450877-56-1Recommanded Product: 1450877-56-1)

4-Nitrophenyl 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylate(cas: 1450877-56-1) belongs to organochlorine compounds. Alkanes and aryl alkanes may be chlorinated under free radical conditions, with UV light. The haloform reaction, using chlorine and sodium hydroxide, is also able to generate alkyl halides from methyl ketones, and related compounds. Chloroform was formerly produced thus.Recommanded Product: 1450877-56-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《The electrostatic influence of substituents on reaction rates. II》 were Westheimer, F. H.. And the article was published in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1940. HPLC of Formula: 7116-36-1 The author mentioned the following in the article:

cf. C. A. 34, 2236.6. The electrostatic equations derived by Kirkwood and Westheimer (C. A. 32, 8244.8) were applied successfully to calculation of the effect of para substituents on the rate of saponification of Et phenylacetate (I), hydrocinnamate (II), benzoate (III) and cinnamate (IV), to the rate of alk. hydrolysis of benzamides (V) and the rate of reaction of benzyl chlorides (VI) with NaI. Data are given for values of the sp. rate constants, k, for the saponification of p-nitro-I, p-chloro-I, p-methyl-I, p-methoxy-I, p-amino-I, p-chloro-II, p-methoxy-II, p-nitro-VI, p-fluoro-VI, p-chloro-VI, p-bromo-VI, p-iodo-VI, p-nitro-III, p-fluoro-III, p-chloro-III, p-bromo-III, p-iodo-III, p-methyl-III, p-methoxy-III, p-amino-III, p-nitro-IV, p-fluoro-IV, p-chloro-IV, p-bromo-IV, p-iodo-IV, p-methyl-IV; for the alk. hydrolysis of p-nitro-V, p-chloro-V, p-bromo-V, p-iodo-V, p-methyl-V, p-methoxy-V, p-amino-V, and for the reaction between NMe3 and Me p-methylbenzoate and Me p-nitrobenzoate, resp. These are compared with calculated values of k. An approx. equation is derived which applies to dipole-dipole interaction and is shown satisfactorily to account for the effect of substituents on the rate of alkylation of NMe3 by substituted Me benzoates. After reading the article, we found that the author used Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate(cas: 7116-36-1HPLC of Formula: 7116-36-1)

Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate(cas: 7116-36-1) belongs to organochlorine compounds. Many organochlorine compounds have been isolated from natural sources ranging from bacteria to humans. Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. HPLC of Formula: 7116-36-1

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2019,Angewandte Chemie, International Edition included an article by Friese, Florian W.; Studer, Armido. Synthetic Route of C3H3ClO3. The article was titled 《Deoxygenative Borylation of Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Two different approaches for the deoxygenative radical borylation of secondary and tertiary alcs. are presented. These transformations either proceed through a metal-free silyl-radical-mediated pathway or utilize visible-light photoredox catalysis. Readily available xanthates or Me oxalates are used as radical precursors. The reactions show broad substrate scope and high functional-group tolerance, and are conducted under mild and practical conditions. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate(cas: 5781-53-3Synthetic Route of C3H3ClO3)

Methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate(cas: 5781-53-3) belongs to acyl chlorides. In the laboratory, acyl chlorides are generally prepared by treating carboxylic acids with thionyl chloride (SOCl2). The reaction is catalyzed by dimethylformamide and other additives.Synthetic Route of C3H3ClO3

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Implication of non-electrostatic contribution to deionization in flow-electrode CDI: case study of nitrate removal from contaminated source waters》 were Song, Jingke; Ma, Jinxing; Zhang, Changyong; He, Calvin; Waite, T. David. And the article was published in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) in 2019. Name: Sodium chloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

While flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) operated in short-circuited closed cycle (SCC) mode appears to hold promise for removal of salt from brackish source waters, there has been limited investigation on the removal of other water constituents such as nitrate, fluoride or bromide in combination with salt removal. Of particular concern is the effectiveness of FCDI when ions, such as nitrate, are recognized to non-electrostatically adsorb strongly to activated carbon particles thereby potentially rendering it difficult to regenerate these particles. In this study, SCC FCDI was used to desalt source waters containing nitrate at different concentrations Results indicate that nitrate can be removed from source waters using FCDI to concentrations <1 mg NO3-N L-1 though a lower quality target such as 10 mg L-1 would be more cost-effective, particularly Where the influent nitrate concentration is high (50 mg NO3-N L-1). Although studies of the fate of nitrate in the FCDI system show that physico-chem. adsorption of nitrate to the carbon initially plays a vital role in nitrate removal, the ongoing process of nitrate removal is not significantly affected by this phenomenon with this lack of effect most likely due to the continued formation of elec. double layers enabling capacitive nitrate removal. In contrast to conventional CDI systems, constant voltage mode is shown to be more favorable in maintaining stable effluent quality in SCC FCDI because the decrease in elec. potential that occurs in constant current operation leads to a reduction in the extent of salt removal from the brackish source waters. Through periodic replacement of the electrolyte at a water recovery of 91.4%, we show that the FCDI system can achieve a continuous desalting performance with the effluent NO3-N concentration below 1 mg NO3-N L-1 at low energy consumption (~0.5 kWh m-3) but high productivity. In addition to this study using Sodium chloride, there are many other studies that have used Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Name: Sodium chloride) was used in this study.

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Name: Sodium chloride

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Controlled synthesis of N,N-dimethylarylsulfonamide derivatives as nematicidal agents》 was published in Journal of Asian Natural Products Research in 2020. These research results belong to Chen, Gen-Qiang; Xia, Yan-Fei; Yang, Jin-Ming; Che, Zhi-Ping; Sun, Di; Li, Shen; Tian, Yue-E.; Liu, Sheng-Ming; Jiang, Jia; Lin, Xiao-Min. HPLC of Formula: 16629-19-9 The article mentions the following:

Gramine could be intelligently and efficiently supplied with N,N-dimethylamino group and then reacted with the corresponding sulfonyl chlorides to synthesize N,N-dimethylarylsulfonamides I [R = Ph, 4-FC6H4, 2-thienyl, etc.]. Herein designed and controlled synthesis of N,N-dimethylarylsulfonamide derivatives and first reported the results of the nematicidal activity of N,N-dimethylarylsulfonamide compounds against Meloidogyne incongnita in vitro, resp. Among all of the N,N-dimethylarylsulfonamide derivatives, compounds I [R = Ph, 4-MeOC6H4, 4-O2NC6H4, 8-quinolyl] exhibited potent nematicidal activity with median lethal concentration (LC50) values ranging from 0.22 to 0.26 mg/L. Most noteworthy, compounds I [R = 4-MeOC6H4, 8-quinolyl] showed the best promising and pronounced nematicidal activity, with LC50 values of 0.2381 and 0.2259 mg/L, resp. The experimental process involved the reaction of Thiophene-2-sulfonyl chloride(cas: 16629-19-9HPLC of Formula: 16629-19-9)

Thiophene-2-sulfonyl chloride(cas: 16629-19-9) is a member of sulfonyl chlorides. Sulfonyl chlorides are reactive sulfonic acid derivatives similar in properties and reactivity to acid chlorides of carboxylates. The sulfonic acid group, however, is a highly hindered molecule, containing a tetrahedral configuration of substituents. HPLC of Formula: 16629-19-9

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Lennard-Jones Parameters Determined to Reproduce the Solubility of NaCl and KCl in SPC/E, TIP3P, and TIP4P/2005 Water》 was written by Yagasaki, Takuma; Matsumoto, Masakazu; Tanaka, Hideki. Computed Properties of ClNa And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Most classical nonpolarizable ion potential models underestimate the solubility values of NaCl and KCl in water significantly. We determine Lennard-Jones parameters of Na+, K+, and Cl- that reproduce the solubility as well as the hydration free energy in dilute aqueous solutions for three water potential models, SPC/E, TIP3P, and TIP4P/2005. The ion-oxygen distance in the solution and the cation-anion distance in salt are also considered in the parametrization. In addition to the target properties, the hydration enthalpy, hydration entropy, self-diffusion coefficient, coordination number, lattice energy, enthalpy of solution, d., viscosity, and number of contact ion pairs are calculated for comparison with 17 frequently used or recently developed ion potential models. The overall performance of each ion model is represented by a global score using a scheme that was originally developed for comparison of water potential models. The global score is better for our models than for the other 17 models not only because of the quite good prediction for the solubility but also because of the relatively small deviation from the exptl. value for many of the other properties.Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5Computed Properties of ClNa) was used in this study.

Sodium chloride(cas: 7647-14-5) has been used for the preparation of tris buffered saline, phosphate buffered saline, MPM-2 (mitotic protein monoclonal 2) cell lysis buffer, immunoprecipitation wash buffer, LB (Luria-Bertani) media and dialysis buffer.Computed Properties of ClNa

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Xie, Dandan; Yang, Zaiping; Hu, Xin; Wen, Yin published an article in 2022. The article was titled 《Synthesis, antibacterial and insecticidal activities of novel capsaicin derivatives containing a sulfonic acid esters moiety》, and you may find the article in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland).Application of 16629-19-9 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

In order to develop an efficient and broad-spectrum bactericide, a series of novel capsaicin derivatives containing a sulfonic acid esters moiety was synthesized. The structure of these compounds were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrum (HRMS). The results of the bioactivities revealed that some target compounds exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity. Compound 3b exhibited the highest activities against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), and the values were 86, 54, and 92% at 50 μg/mL, resp., which were higher than were for thiodiazole copper (87, 34, and 77%) and bismerthiazol (87, 37 and 75%). Although some compounds also showed certain activity against Spodoptera frugiperda, it was weaker than the pos. controls monosultap and mulfoxaflor. Thus, the bioassay results recommend that these newly designed and synthesized scaffolds should be used as a bactericide lead compound rather than an insecticide lead compound In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Thiophene-2-sulfonyl chloride(cas: 16629-19-9Application of 16629-19-9)

Thiophene-2-sulfonyl chloride(cas: 16629-19-9) is a member of sulfonyl chlorides. Sulfonyl chlorides are reactive sulfonic acid derivatives similar in properties and reactivity to acid chlorides of carboxylates. The sulfonic acid group, however, is a highly hindered molecule, containing a tetrahedral configuration of substituents. Application of 16629-19-9

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2022,Nagyhazi, Marton; Lukacs, Adam; Turczel, Gabor; Hancsok, Jeno; Valyon, Jozsef; Benyei, Attila; Keki, Sandor; Tuba, Robert published an article in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The title of the article was 《Catalytic Decomposition of Long-Chain Olefins to Propylene via Isomerization-Metathesis Using Latent Bicyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene-Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts》.Reference of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium The author mentioned the following in the article:

One of the most exciting scientific challenges today is the catalytic degradation of non-biodegradable polymers into value-added chem. feedstocks. The mild pyrolysis of polyolefins, including high-d. polyethylene (HDPE), results in pyrolysis oils containing long-chain olefins as major products. In this paper, novel bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene ruthenium (BICAAC-Ru) temperature-activated latent olefin metathesis catalysts, which can be used for catalytic decomposition of long-chain olefins to propylene are reported. These thermally stable catalysts show significantly higher selectivity to propylene at a reaction temperature of 75°C compared to second generation Hoveyda-Grubbs or CAAC-Ru catalysts under ethenolysis conditions. The conversion of long-chain olefins (e.g., 1-octadecene or Me oleate) to propylene via isomerization-metathesis is performed by using a (RuHCl)(CO)(PPh3)3 isomerization co-catalyst. The reactions can be carried out at a BICAAC-Ru catalyst loading as low as 1 ppm at elevated reaction temperature (75°C). The observed turnover number and turnover frequency are as high as 55 000 and 10 000 molpropylene molcatalyst-1 h-1, resp. The experimental process involved the reaction of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium(cas: 172222-30-9Reference of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium)

Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium(cas: 172222-30-9) is the first metathesis catalyst to be widely used in organic synthesis. It is useful for acyclic diene metathesis polymerization (ADMET), Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) of strained cyclic olefins, ring opening metathesis (ROM), and so on.Reference of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Safety of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororutheniumIn 2021 ,《Polymer Skeletal Editing via Anionic Brook Rearrangements》 appeared in Journal of the American Chemical Society. The author of the article were Ratushnyy, Maxim; Zhukhovitskiy, Aleksandr V.. The article conveys some information:

This report communicates the first example of polymer backbone metamorphosis affected by anionic 1,2-Brook rearrangement of acyl silane moieties. Introduction of the acyl silane functionality into a polymer backbone was achieved via acyclic diene metathesis copolymerization (ADMET) of diene 1 and two dienes. We demonstrate that, using organolithium species and cyanide as nucleophiles, the backbones of resulting copolymers can be triggered to undergo highly efficient 1,2-Brook rearrangement, which transforms the poly(acyl silane)s into poly(silyl ether)s. Furthermore, the carbanion intermediate of the 1,2-Brook rearrangement can be intercepted by ketone electrophiles to give rise to polymers with quaternary stereogenic centers in the backbone and pendant functionality. Such structural editing of polymer backbones enables a new retrosynthetic paradigm for silicon-containing polymers that could not be accessed by traditional means. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium(cas: 172222-30-9Safety of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium)

Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium(cas: 172222-30-9) is the first metathesis catalyst to be widely used in organic synthesis. It is useful for acyclic diene metathesis polymerization (ADMET), Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) of strained cyclic olefins, ring opening metathesis (ROM), and so on.Safety of Benzylidenebis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium

Referemce:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics